See chała on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "he"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "yi",
"3": "חלה",
"tr": "khale"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chałka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "chałka"
},
"expansion": "chała f (diminutive chałka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 21 17 5 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 20 4 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 4 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 3 14 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 11 5 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 14 4 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 18 5 18 5 13",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Breads",
"orig": "pl:Breads",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "100 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Judaism",
"orig": "pl:Judaism",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"challah (traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-scibPNKS",
"links": [
[
"challah",
"challah"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chałka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chałowaty"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chałowato"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 21 17 5 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 20 4 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 4 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 3 14 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 11 5 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 14 4 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-MWiszf-J",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dreck",
"dreck"
],
[
"dross",
"dross"
],
[
"rubbish",
"rubbish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, derogatory) dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gnieciuch"
},
{
"word": "gniot"
},
{
"word": "haft"
},
{
"word": "kicz"
},
{
"word": "szmira"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 21 17 5 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 20 4 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 4 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 11 5 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 14 4 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"overgarment or dress"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-QcglSHzR",
"links": [
[
"overgarment",
"overgarment"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) overgarment or dress"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 3 14 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 4 12 74 1 3",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "pl:Clothing",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-rIuxxDGf",
"links": [
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malbork Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Urban Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 3 14 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ubranie"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-9zHs3C-W",
"links": [
[
"ubranie",
"ubranie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malbork, in the plural) Synonym of ubranie"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ubranie"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Folklore",
"orig": "pl:Folklore",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Slavic mythology",
"orig": "pl:Slavic mythology",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 21 17 5 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 20 4 1 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 4 5 26",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 20 3 14 13 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "19 30 11 5 8 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "20 29 14 4 6 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Female",
"orig": "pl:Female",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 17 14 2 2 47",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-Kg5mKPj7",
"links": [
[
"folklore",
"folklore"
],
[
"Slavic",
"Slavic"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"ala",
"ala"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic mythology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(folklore, Slavic mythology) ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ała"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"folklore",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Yiddish",
"Polish terms derived from Hebrew",
"Polish terms derived from Yiddish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa/2 syllables",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Clothing",
"pl:Female",
"pl:Judaism",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "he"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "yi",
"3": "חלה",
"tr": "khale"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chałka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "chałka"
},
"expansion": "chała f (diminutive chałka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"challah (traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov)"
],
"links": [
[
"challah",
"challah"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chałka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa/2 syllables",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Clothing",
"pl:Female",
"pl:Judaism",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chałowaty"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "chałowato"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dreck",
"dreck"
],
[
"dross",
"dross"
],
[
"rubbish",
"rubbish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, derogatory) dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gnieciuch"
},
{
"word": "gniot"
},
{
"word": "haft"
},
{
"word": "kicz"
},
{
"word": "szmira"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"overgarment or dress"
],
"links": [
[
"overgarment",
"overgarment"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) overgarment or dress"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Polish dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"links": [
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Malbork Polish",
"Urban Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ubranie"
],
"links": [
[
"ubranie",
"ubranie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malbork, in the plural) Synonym of ubranie"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ubranie"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa/2 syllables",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Clothing",
"pl:Female",
"pl:Judaism",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Folklore",
"pl:Slavic mythology"
],
"glosses": [
"ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"links": [
[
"folklore",
"folklore"
],
[
"Slavic",
"Slavic"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"ala",
"ala"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic mythology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(folklore, Slavic mythology) ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ała"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"folklore",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chała meaning in All languages combined (10.5kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, in the plural",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, in the plural",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-05-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-05-01 using wiktextract (9a214a4 and 1b6da77). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.