See chała in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "he"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "yi",
"3": "חלה",
"tr": "khale"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chałka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "chałka"
},
"expansion": "chała f (diminutive chałka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 22 18 4 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 21 3 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 2 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 14 4 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "46 17 13 3 1 20",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Breads",
"orig": "pl:Breads",
"parents": [
"Foods",
"Eating",
"Food and drink",
"Human behaviour",
"All topics",
"Human",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 1 0 42 6 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "pl:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 17 15 1 1 21",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Judaism",
"orig": "pl:Judaism",
"parents": [
"Abrahamism",
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"challah (traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-scibPNKS",
"links": [
[
"challah",
"challah"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chałka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chałowaty"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"word": "chałowato"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 22 18 4 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 21 3 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 2 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 14 4 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-MWiszf-J",
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dreck",
"dreck"
],
[
"dross",
"dross"
],
[
"rubbish",
"rubbish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, derogatory) dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gnieciuch"
},
{
"word": "gniot"
},
{
"word": "haft"
},
{
"word": "kicz"
},
{
"word": "szmira"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "28 22 18 4 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 21 3 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 2 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 14 4 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"overgarment or dress"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-QcglSHzR",
"links": [
[
"overgarment",
"overgarment"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) overgarment or dress"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "37 1 0 42 6 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "pl:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-rIuxxDGf",
"links": [
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Malbork Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ubranie"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-9zHs3C-W",
"links": [
[
"ubranie",
"ubranie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malbork, in the plural) Synonym of ubranie"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ubranie"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Folklore",
"orig": "pl:Folklore",
"parents": [
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Slavic mythology",
"orig": "pl:Slavic mythology",
"parents": [
"Mythology",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "28 22 18 4 3 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "28 23 21 3 2 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 25 17 2 7 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "25 24 14 4 4 30",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "24 27 16 2 4 27",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 1 0 42 6 14",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Clothing",
"orig": "pl:Clothing",
"parents": [
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 11 0 0 7 80",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Female",
"orig": "pl:Female",
"parents": [
"Gender",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 15 11 2 8 41",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mythological creatures",
"orig": "pl:Mythological creatures",
"parents": [
"Fantasy",
"Mythology",
"Fiction",
"Speculative fiction",
"Culture",
"Artistic works",
"Genres",
"Society",
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"id": "en-chała-pl-noun-Kg5mKPj7",
"links": [
[
"folklore",
"folklore"
],
[
"Slavic",
"Slavic"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"ala",
"ala"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic mythology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(folklore, Slavic mythology) ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ała"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"folklore",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Yiddish",
"Polish terms derived from Hebrew",
"Polish terms derived from Yiddish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa/2 syllables",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Clothing",
"pl:Female",
"pl:Judaism",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "he"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "yi",
"3": "חלה",
"tr": "khale"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Yiddish חלה (khale).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "chałka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "chałka"
},
"expansion": "chała f (diminutive chałka)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"challah (traditional bread eaten by Ashkenazi Jews, usually braided for the Sabbath and round for a yom tov)"
],
"links": [
[
"challah",
"challah"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "chałka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa/2 syllables",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Clothing",
"pl:Female",
"pl:Judaism",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "chałowaty"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*xala"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *xala.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "chałowato"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms",
"Polish derogatory terms"
],
"glosses": [
"dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"links": [
[
"derogatory",
"derogatory"
],
[
"dreck",
"dreck"
],
[
"dross",
"dross"
],
[
"rubbish",
"rubbish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, derogatory) dreck, dross, rubbish (something worthless or of poor quality, especially literature, movies, theatre, etc.)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gnieciuch"
},
{
"word": "gniot"
},
{
"word": "haft"
},
{
"word": "kicz"
},
{
"word": "szmira"
}
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"derogatory",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"overgarment or dress"
],
"links": [
[
"overgarment",
"overgarment"
],
[
"dress",
"dress"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) overgarment or dress"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chełmno-Dobrzyń Polish",
"Polish dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"links": [
[
"rag",
"rag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń) rags (substandard clothing)"
],
"tags": [
"dialectal",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Malbork Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"Synonym of ubranie"
],
"links": [
[
"ubranie",
"ubranie#Polish"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Malbork, in the plural) Synonym of ubranie"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "ubranie"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"in-plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa",
"Rhymes:Polish/awa/2 syllables",
"pl:Breads",
"pl:Clothing",
"pl:Female",
"pl:Judaism",
"pl:Mythological creatures"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "chała",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chał",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chałą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chale",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "chałach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "chało",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "chały",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "chała f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"cha‧ła"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"pl:Folklore",
"pl:Slavic mythology"
],
"glosses": [
"ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"links": [
[
"folklore",
"folklore"
],
[
"Slavic",
"Slavic"
],
[
"mythology",
"mythology"
],
[
"ala",
"ala"
]
],
"qualifier": "Slavic mythology",
"raw_glosses": [
"(folklore, Slavic mythology) ala (female mythological creature recorded in the folklore of Bulgarians, Macedonians, and Serbs; a demon of bad weather whose main purpose is to lead hail-producing thunderclouds in the direction of fields, vineyards, or orchards to destroy the crops, or loot and take them away)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ała"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"arts",
"folklore",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"literature",
"media",
"publishing",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Kociewie"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈxa.wa/",
"note": "Chełmno-Dobrzyń"
},
{
"rhymes": "-awa"
},
{
"homophone": "Chała"
},
{
"homophone": "Hała"
}
],
"word": "chała"
}
Download raw JSONL data for chała meaning in Polish (10.4kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: dialectal, Chełmno-Dobrzyń",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, in the plural",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: Malbork, in the plural",
"path": [
"chała"
],
"section": "Polish",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "chała",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (ca09fec and c40eb85). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.