See cecha on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cecha",
"id": "quality",
"t": "quality"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cecha (“quality”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cecha (“quality”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "cycha"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: cycha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: cycha"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sign"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "gmw-pro",
"4": "gem-pro",
"5": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "zeichen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeichen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1441"
},
"expansion": "1441",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1441"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1441",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeichen. First attested in 1441.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "48 32 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cechować"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1441], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 268:",
"text": "Czechy signa",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"token; stamp (sign or marked object serving as evidence of a specific right or fulfillment of an obligation)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-zlw-opl-noun-jY1RnQkd",
"links": [
[
"token",
"token"
],
[
"stamp",
"stamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛ(ː)xa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sexa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cecha",
"id": "cover",
"t": "cover, bag"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cecha (“cover, bag”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cecha (“cover, bag”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "ceszka",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Silesian: ceszka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Silesian: ceszka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "cover"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "zeche"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeche",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1479"
},
"expansion": "1479",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1479"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1479",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeche. First attested in 1479.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cyszka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "cyszka"
},
"expansion": "cecha f (diminutive cyszka)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"parents": [
"Quotations with omitted translation",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1898-2024 [1479], Rocznik Krakowski, volume XVI, Krakow, page 50:",
"text": "Czecha von czwelich",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bedding cover; sheet"
],
"id": "en-cecha-zlw-opl-noun-zuIuybo8",
"links": [
[
"bedding",
"bedding"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"sheet",
"sheet"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cycha"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "guild"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cech"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cech"
],
"id": "en-cecha-zlw-opl-noun-2HUUgCfH",
"links": [
[
"cech",
"cech#Old_Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cecha dominująca"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cecha dystynktywna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cecha legalizacyjna"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cecha logarytmu"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "drugorzędowe cechy płciowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "pierwszorzędowe cechy płciowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "trzeciorzędowe cechy płciowe"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cechować"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "quality"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"4": "",
"5": "token, stamp",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "sign",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cecha (“token, stamp”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"id": "sign",
"t": "token, stamp"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“token, stamp”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cych",
"3": "token"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cych and token",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“token, stamp”). Doublet of cych and token.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cecho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧cha"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cechownia"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cechownica"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cechownik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "16 1 19 8 4 9 6 1 15 18 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "pl:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feature, quality, trait"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-INTw989c",
"links": [
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"trait",
"trait"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "właściwość"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"certification mark (sign left i.e. by a company on an object)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-FXaPVcDc",
"links": [
[
"certification",
"certification"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Philosophy",
"orig": "pl:Philosophy",
"parents": [
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 2 5 1 10 5 5 11 18 1 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 1 21 9 6 14 8 1 15 10 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 0 25 6 4 12 9 0 17 11 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 0 25 6 4 11 9 0 18 12 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 1 19 8 4 9 6 1 15 18 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "pl:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"quality (inseperable part of something)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-sTblFDJr",
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) quality (inseperable part of something)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Cartography",
"orig": "pl:Cartography",
"parents": [
"Geography",
"Earth sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mark (marking the location of a point above sea level on a map)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-kAwZW~hL",
"links": [
[
"cartography",
"cartography"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cartography) mark (marking the location of a point above sea level on a map)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"cartography",
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"marker; stamp (hammer with a stamp on the head used for marking trees; any tool used for marking something)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-DhecvSK-",
"links": [
[
"marker",
"marker"
],
[
"stamp",
"stamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cechówka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Mathematics",
"orig": "pl:Mathematics",
"parents": [
"Formal sciences",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 2 5 1 10 5 5 11 18 1 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"floor, entier"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-x2fAgxoK",
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"floor",
"floor"
],
[
"entier",
"entier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) floor, entier"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podłoga"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 2 5 1 10 5 5 11 18 1 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"character (traits assigned to a personality)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-GTILb1s3",
"links": [
[
"character",
"character"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) character (traits assigned to a personality)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "charakter"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"sign, mark"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-WNC3teCx",
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) sign, mark"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "piętno"
},
{
"word": "znak"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 3 2 5 1 10 5 5 11 18 1 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 2 1 3 1 11 6 5 15 12 1 21 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 0 15 7 6 14 11 0 21 13 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 1 19 8 4 9 6 1 15 18 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "pl:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"guild notice (sign that was used to send notice of the date of collection of the guild)"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-11rwEF0v",
"links": [
[
"guild",
"guild"
],
[
"notice",
"notice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) guild notice (sign that was used to send notice of the date of collection of the guild)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡se.xa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛxa"
},
{
"homophone": "Cecha"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "cycha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "czecha"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "czycha"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cover"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"4": "",
"5": "cover",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "cover",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cecha (“cover”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"id": "cover",
"t": "cover"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“cover”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“cover”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cecho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧cha"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Polish",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 3 2 5 1 10 5 5 11 18 1 18 12 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 1 19 8 4 9 6 1 15 18 2",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Bedding",
"orig": "pl:Bedding",
"parents": [
"Home",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"duvet cover; pillowcase"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-Obn08jDO",
"links": [
[
"duvet",
"duvet"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"pillowcase",
"pillowcase"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) duvet cover; pillowcase"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"large webbed bag"
],
"id": "en-cecha-pl-noun-19BM~laE",
"links": [
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"webbed",
"webbed"
],
[
"bag",
"bag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) large webbed bag"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛxa"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "cycha"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Old Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Bedding",
"zlw-opl:Bedding"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cechować"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cecha",
"id": "quality",
"t": "quality"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cecha (“quality”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cecha (“quality”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "cycha"
},
"expansion": "Silesian: cycha",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Silesian: cycha"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "sign"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "goh",
"3": "gmw-pro",
"4": "gem-pro",
"5": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "zeichen"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeichen",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1441"
},
"expansion": "1441",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1441"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1441",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeichen. First attested in 1441.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1874-1891 [1441], Rozprawy i Sprawozdania z Posiedzeń Wydziału Filologicznego Akademii Umiejętności, volume XXV, page 268:",
"text": "Czechy signa",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"token; stamp (sign or marked object serving as evidence of a specific right or fulfillment of an obligation)"
],
"links": [
[
"token",
"token"
],
[
"stamp",
"stamp"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛ(ː)xa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sexa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms borrowed from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Bedding",
"zlw-opl:Bedding"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cecha",
"id": "cover",
"t": "cover, bag"
},
"expansion": "Polish: cecha (“cover, bag”)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Polish: cecha (“cover, bag”)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "szl",
"2": "ceszka",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "⇒ Silesian: ceszka",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "⇒ Silesian: ceszka"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "cover"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "zeche"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeche",
"name": "bor+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1479"
},
"expansion": "1479",
"name": "etydate/the"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "1479"
},
"expansion": "First attested in 1479",
"name": "etydate"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Borrowed from Middle High German zeche. First attested in 1479.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cyszka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"dim": "cyszka"
},
"expansion": "cecha f (diminutive cyszka)",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish quotations with omitted translation",
"Old Polish terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"ref": "1898-2024 [1479], Rocznik Krakowski, volume XVI, Krakow, page 50:",
"text": "Czecha von czwelich",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"bedding cover; sheet"
],
"links": [
[
"bedding",
"bedding"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"sheet",
"sheet"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cycha"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Polish feminine nouns",
"Old Polish lemmas",
"Old Polish nouns",
"Old Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"pl:Bedding",
"zlw-opl:Bedding"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zlw-opl",
"2": "guild"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "zlw-opl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Old Polish",
"lang_code": "zlw-opl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "cech"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of cech"
],
"links": [
[
"cech",
"cech#Old_Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"feminine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ–15ᵗʰ CE"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sɛxa/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛxa",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛxa/2 syllables",
"pl:Bedding"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cecha dominująca"
},
{
"word": "cecha dystynktywna"
},
{
"word": "cecha legalizacyjna"
},
{
"word": "cecha logarytmu"
},
{
"word": "drugorzędowe cechy płciowe"
},
{
"word": "pierwszorzędowe cechy płciowe"
},
{
"word": "trzeciorzędowe cechy płciowe"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "cechować"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro",
"6": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "quality"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"4": "",
"5": "token, stamp",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "sign",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cecha (“token, stamp”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"id": "sign",
"t": "token, stamp"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“token, stamp”)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cych",
"3": "token"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of cych and token",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“token, stamp”). Doublet of cych and token.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cecho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧cha"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "cechownia"
},
{
"word": "cechownica"
},
{
"word": "cechownik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"feature, quality, trait"
],
"links": [
[
"feature",
"feature"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"trait",
"trait"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "właściwość"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"certification mark (sign left i.e. by a company on an object)"
],
"links": [
[
"certification",
"certification"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Philosophy"
],
"glosses": [
"quality (inseperable part of something)"
],
"links": [
[
"philosophy",
"philosophy"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(philosophy) quality (inseperable part of something)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"philosophy",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Cartography"
],
"glosses": [
"mark (marking the location of a point above sea level on a map)"
],
"links": [
[
"cartography",
"cartography"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(cartography) mark (marking the location of a point above sea level on a map)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"cartography",
"geography",
"natural-sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"marker; stamp (hammer with a stamp on the head used for marking trees; any tool used for marking something)"
],
"links": [
[
"marker",
"marker"
],
[
"stamp",
"stamp"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cechówka"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"pl:Mathematics"
],
"glosses": [
"floor, entier"
],
"links": [
[
"mathematics",
"mathematics"
],
[
"floor",
"floor"
],
[
"entier",
"entier"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(mathematics) floor, entier"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "podłoga"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"mathematics",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"character (traits assigned to a personality)"
],
"links": [
[
"character",
"character"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) character (traits assigned to a personality)"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "charakter"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"sign, mark"
],
"links": [
[
"sign",
"sign"
],
[
"mark",
"mark"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) sign, mark"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "piętno"
},
{
"word": "znak"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"guild notice (sign that was used to send notice of the date of collection of the guild)"
],
"links": [
[
"guild",
"guild"
],
[
"notice",
"notice"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) guild notice (sign that was used to send notice of the date of collection of the guild)"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡se.xa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛxa"
},
{
"homophone": "Cecha"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cycha"
},
{
"word": "czecha"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "czycha"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"pl:Ida Kurcz"
],
"word": "cecha"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛxa",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɛxa/2 syllables",
"pl:Bedding"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "cover"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "etymid"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"4": "",
"5": "cover",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "cover",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish cecha (“cover”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "cecha",
"id": "cover",
"t": "cover"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“cover”)",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish cecha (“cover”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cecha",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cech",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cechą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cesze",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cechach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cecho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "cechy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f"
},
"expansion": "cecha f",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"ce‧cha"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Middle Polish"
],
"glosses": [
"duvet cover; pillowcase"
],
"links": [
[
"duvet",
"duvet"
],
[
"cover",
"cover"
],
[
"pillowcase",
"pillowcase"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Middle Polish) duvet cover; pillowcase"
],
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"large webbed bag"
],
"links": [
[
"large",
"large"
],
[
"webbed",
"webbed"
],
[
"bag",
"bag"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) large webbed bag"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈt͡sɛ.xa/",
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɛxa"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Middle",
"Polish"
],
"word": "cycha"
}
],
"word": "cecha"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cecha meaning in All languages combined (15.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.