See canis on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cãni",
"3": "cãne",
"4": "cheni"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: cãni, cãne, cheni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: cãni, cãne, cheni"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "căre"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: căre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: căre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "cǫini"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫini",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫini"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "câine",
"3": "câne"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: câine, câne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: câine, câne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "cane"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: cane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: cane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cun",
"3": "cuon"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: cun, cuon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: cun, cuon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "chin"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: chin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: chin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chien",
"3": "kien"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chien, kien\nMiddle French: chien\nFrench: chien\nAngevin: chin\nBourguignon: chein\nChampenois: chin\nFranc-Comtois: tchïn\nNorman: quien\nPicard: tchien, kien, quien\nWalloon: tchén",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chien, kien\nMiddle French: chien\nFrench: chien\nAngevin: chin\nBourguignon: chein\nChampenois: chin\nFranc-Comtois: tchïn\nNorman: quien\nPicard: tchien, kien, quien\nWalloon: tchén"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjan",
"3": "čhan"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjan, čhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjan, čhan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "cian"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: cian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: cian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "chaun",
"3": "tgaun",
"4": "chan"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: chaun, tgaun, chan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: chaun, tgaun, chan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: can"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "cjeun"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: cjeun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Piedmontese: cjeun"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: can"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "cjeun",
"3": "cjaun"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: cjeun, cjaun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: cjeun, cjaun"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: can"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "cân",
"3": "chên<qq:Cattolica>",
"4": "chën<qq:Rimini>"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: cân, chên (Cattolica), chën (Rimini)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: cân, chên (Cattolica), chën (Rimini)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "cane"
},
"expansion": "Italian: cane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: cane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: can"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ca"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: ca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: ca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: can\nGalician: can\nPortuguese: cão",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: can\nGalician: can\nPortuguese: cão"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Campidanese: cani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Logudorese: cane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cani"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: cani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: cani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: can"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ",
"4": "*ḱwṓ, *ḱun-",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ, *ḱun- (“dog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύων"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्वन्",
"tr": "śván"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्वन् (śván)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Now mostly rejected, as this assumes a relevelling on a genitive stem <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ḱwn̥-</i>, which is actually largely attested as <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ḱun-</i> in all the word's cognates.<ref name=Sihler/>",
"group": "n"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier canēs. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ, *ḱun- (“dog”), from earlier *ḱwón-s, whence also Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn), Sanskrit श्वन् (śván), though the expected outcome was formally much altered.\nThe -a- gained a number of ad hoc explanations, such as a shift of *-wo- to *-wa- in open syllables, or of *-n̥- to -an- before vowels. The initial unrounded c- must have been levelled early into the rest of the inflection from the expected nominative outcome *cō, as *ḱw- would have regularly delabialised before a rounded vowel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "canis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "canēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "canis<3.-I>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "canis m or f (genitive canis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "canis<3.-I>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "canārius"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "canātim"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "canīcula"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "canīculāris"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "canīculus"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "caniformis"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"word": "canīnus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "la",
"name": "Dogs",
"orig": "la:Dogs",
"parents": [
"Canids",
"Carnivores",
"Mammals",
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "17 23 20 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Beware of the dog.",
"text": "Petronius\nCave canem.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dog, a hound (animal)"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-noun-HmskwtyG",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"hound",
"hound"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 1 29 22 17 5 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 23 20 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 2 36 17 16 4 9",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 1 36 20 17 3 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(Maera (hound) found the body of Icarius (Athenian) and became the constellation Canis Minor with the bright ‘‘dog’’ star Procyon; it, along with Canis Major, the other celestial dog with its brighter ‘‘dog’’ star Sirius, were believed to cause late summer heat and drought.)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.939–940",
"text": "‘est Canis, Īcarium dīcunt, quō sīdere mōtō\ntosta sitit tellūs, praecipiturque seges’\n‘‘There is a Dog – they say [of?] Icarius – a star (or constellation), [and] where it has moved, the earth thirsts, [it] having been scorched, and the crop is seized beforehand.’’"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a ‘dog’ constellation or ‘dog’ star: either Canis Major, its brightest star Sirius; or Canis Minor, its brightest star Procyon"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-noun-bmEPipA9",
"links": [
[
"Sirius",
"Sirius"
],
[
"Procyon",
"Procyon"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 23 20 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dog, a hound, a bounder, a blackguard, a cad, a heel (foul person)"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-noun-ngtla67V",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"hound",
"hound"
],
[
"bounder",
"bounder"
],
[
"blackguard",
"blackguard"
],
[
"cad",
"cad"
],
[
"heel",
"heel"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 23 20 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dog, a creature (human parasite or follower who depends on someone with great power and resources and bends to their will)"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-noun-RstbnoNi",
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 23 20 19 22",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 22 21 20 21",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a tiger, a dragon, a savage (a fierce or enraged person)"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-noun-P9oajUz-",
"links": [
[
"tiger",
"tiger"
],
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkänɪs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːnis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "31 17 27 26 0",
"roman": "barker",
"sense": "dog",
"word": "lātrātor"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"pre-Classical"
],
"word": "canēs"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Jacques André",
"la:canis"
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cānīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "adjective form",
"head": "cānīs"
},
"expansion": "cānīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cānus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of cānus"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-adj-89SC8yNM",
"links": [
[
"cānus",
"canus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaː.niːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːniːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːnis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:canis"
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "canis",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "canō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active indicative of canō"
],
"id": "en-canis-la-verb-hdenZENo",
"links": [
[
"canō",
"cano#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkänɪs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːnis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:canis"
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "canis m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "canil"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of canil"
],
"id": "en-canis-pt-noun-nEQMrwz6",
"links": [
[
"canil",
"canil#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-is"
}
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "canis m pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cani"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of cani"
],
"id": "en-canis-es-noun-oM30qwax",
"links": [
[
"cani",
"cani#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin feminine nouns",
"Latin feminine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin lemmas",
"Latin masculine nouns",
"Latin masculine nouns in the third declension",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin nouns",
"Latin nouns with multiple genders",
"Latin terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin third declension nouns",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "an",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Aragonese: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aragonese: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Balkan Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rup",
"2": "cãni",
"3": "cãne",
"4": "cheni"
},
"expansion": "Aromanian: cãni, cãne, cheni",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Aromanian: cãni, cãne, cheni"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruo",
"2": "căre"
},
"expansion": "Istro-Romanian: căre",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istro-Romanian: căre"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ruq",
"2": "cǫini"
},
"expansion": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫini",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Megleno-Romanian: cǫini"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ro",
"2": "câine",
"3": "câne"
},
"expansion": "Romanian: câine, câne",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romanian: câine, câne"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ast",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Asturian: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Asturian: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "co",
"2": "cane"
},
"expansion": "Corsican: cane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Corsican: cane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dlm",
"2": "cun",
"3": "cuon"
},
"expansion": "Dalmatian: cun, cuon",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dalmatian: cun, cuon"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "frp",
"2": "chin"
},
"expansion": "Franco-Provençal: chin",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Franco-Provençal: chin"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fro",
"2": "chien",
"3": "kien"
},
"expansion": "Old French: chien, kien\nMiddle French: chien\nFrench: chien\nAngevin: chin\nBourguignon: chein\nChampenois: chin\nFranc-Comtois: tchïn\nNorman: quien\nPicard: tchien, kien, quien\nWalloon: tchén",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old French: chien, kien\nMiddle French: chien\nFrench: chien\nAngevin: chin\nBourguignon: chein\nChampenois: chin\nFranc-Comtois: tchïn\nNorman: quien\nPicard: tchien, kien, quien\nWalloon: tchén"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ist",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Istriot: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Istriot: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Rhaeto-Romance:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fur",
"2": "cjan",
"3": "čhan"
},
"expansion": "Friulian: cjan, čhan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Friulian: cjan, čhan"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lld",
"2": "cian"
},
"expansion": "Ladin: cian",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ladin: cian"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rm",
"2": "chaun",
"3": "tgaun",
"4": "chan"
},
"expansion": "Romansch: chaun, tgaun, chan",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romansch: chaun, tgaun, chan"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "North Italian:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [],
"text": "Gallo-Italic:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lij",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Ligurian: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Ligurian: can"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "cjeun"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: cjeun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Piedmontese: cjeun"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pms",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Piedmontese: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Piedmontese: can"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "cjeun",
"3": "cjaun"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: cjeun, cjaun",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: cjeun, cjaun"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lmo",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Lombard: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Lombard: can"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "rgn",
"2": "cân",
"3": "chên<qq:Cattolica>",
"4": "chën<qq:Rimini>"
},
"expansion": "Romagnol: cân, chên (Cattolica), chën (Rimini)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Romagnol: cân, chên (Cattolica), chën (Rimini)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vec",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Venetan: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Venetan: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "it",
"2": "cane"
},
"expansion": "Italian: cane",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Italian: cane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pro",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Old Occitan: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Occitan: can"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "ca"
},
"expansion": "Catalan: ca",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Catalan: ca"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "oc",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Occitan: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Occitan: can"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "roa-opt",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Old Galician-Portuguese: can\nGalician: can\nPortuguese: cão",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Galician-Portuguese: can\nGalician: can\nPortuguese: cão"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Sardinian:"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Campidanese: cani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [],
"text": "Logudorese: cane"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "scn",
"2": "cani"
},
"expansion": "Sicilian: cani",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Sicilian: cani"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "can"
},
"expansion": "Spanish: can",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Spanish: can"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱwṓ",
"4": "*ḱwṓ, *ḱun-",
"t": "dog"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ, *ḱun- (“dog”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "κύων"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "श्वन्",
"tr": "śván"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit श्वन् (śván)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Now mostly rejected, as this assumes a relevelling on a genitive stem <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ḱwn̥-</i>, which is actually largely attested as <i class=\"Latn mention\" lang=\"ine-pro\">*ḱun-</i> in all the word's cognates.<ref name=Sihler/>",
"group": "n"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "ref"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From earlier canēs. Ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *ḱwṓ, *ḱun- (“dog”), from earlier *ḱwón-s, whence also Ancient Greek κύων (kúōn), Sanskrit श्वन् (śván), though the expected outcome was formally much altered.\nThe -a- gained a number of ad hoc explanations, such as a shift of *-wo- to *-wa- in open syllables, or of *-n̥- to -an- before vowels. The initial unrounded c- must have been levelled early into the rest of the inflection from the expected nominative outcome *cō, as *ḱw- would have regularly delabialised before a rounded vowel.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "canis",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "la-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "canis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canum",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canī",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cane",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "canibus",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "canis",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "canēs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "canis<3.-I>",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "canis m or f (genitive canis); third declension",
"name": "la-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "canis<3.-I>"
},
"name": "la-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "canārius"
},
{
"word": "canātim"
},
{
"word": "canīcula"
},
{
"word": "canīculāris"
},
{
"word": "canīculus"
},
{
"word": "caniformis"
},
{
"word": "canīnus"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations",
"la:Dogs"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Beware of the dog.",
"text": "Petronius\nCave canem.",
"type": "quotation"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a dog, a hound (animal)"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"hound",
"hound"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Latin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "(Maera (hound) found the body of Icarius (Athenian) and became the constellation Canis Minor with the bright ‘‘dog’’ star Procyon; it, along with Canis Major, the other celestial dog with its brighter ‘‘dog’’ star Sirius, were believed to cause late summer heat and drought.)",
"ref": "8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 4.939–940",
"text": "‘est Canis, Īcarium dīcunt, quō sīdere mōtō\ntosta sitit tellūs, praecipiturque seges’\n‘‘There is a Dog – they say [of?] Icarius – a star (or constellation), [and] where it has moved, the earth thirsts, [it] having been scorched, and the crop is seized beforehand.’’"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a ‘dog’ constellation or ‘dog’ star: either Canis Major, its brightest star Sirius; or Canis Minor, its brightest star Procyon"
],
"links": [
[
"Sirius",
"Sirius"
],
[
"Procyon",
"Procyon"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a dog, a hound, a bounder, a blackguard, a cad, a heel (foul person)"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"hound",
"hound"
],
[
"bounder",
"bounder"
],
[
"blackguard",
"blackguard"
],
[
"cad",
"cad"
],
[
"heel",
"heel"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a dog, a creature (human parasite or follower who depends on someone with great power and resources and bends to their will)"
],
"links": [
[
"dog",
"dog"
],
[
"creature",
"creature"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a tiger, a dragon, a savage (a fierce or enraged person)"
],
"links": [
[
"tiger",
"tiger"
],
[
"dragon",
"dragon"
],
[
"savage",
"savage"
]
],
"tags": [
"declension-3",
"feminine",
"masculine"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkänɪs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːnis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "barker",
"sense": "dog",
"word": "lātrātor"
},
{
"tags": [
"pre-Classical"
],
"word": "canēs"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"fr:Jacques André",
"la:canis"
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin adjective forms",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cānīs",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "adjective form",
"head": "cānīs"
},
"expansion": "cānīs",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cānus"
}
],
"glosses": [
"dative/ablative masculine/feminine/neuter plural of cānus"
],
"links": [
[
"cānus",
"canus#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dative",
"feminine",
"form-of",
"masculine",
"neuter",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkaː.niːs/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːniːs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːnis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:canis"
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"categories": [
"Latin 2-syllable words",
"Latin entries with incorrect language header",
"Latin non-lemma forms",
"Latin terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Latin verb forms",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "verb form"
},
"expansion": "canis",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Latin",
"lang_code": "la",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "canō"
}
],
"glosses": [
"second-person singular present active indicative of canō"
],
"links": [
[
"canō",
"cano#Latin"
]
],
"tags": [
"active",
"form-of",
"indicative",
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkänɪs̠]",
"tags": [
"Classical-Latin"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈka.nis/",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
},
{
"ipa": "[ˈkäːnis]",
"note": "modern Italianate Ecclesiastical"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"la:canis"
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pt",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "canis m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Portuguese entries with incorrect language header",
"Portuguese non-lemma forms",
"Portuguese noun forms",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/is",
"Rhymes:Portuguese/is/2 syllables"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "canil"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of canil"
],
"links": [
[
"canil",
"canil#Portuguese"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"rhymes": "-is"
}
],
"word": "canis"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "es",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "m-p"
},
"expansion": "canis m pl",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Spanish entries with incorrect language header",
"Spanish non-lemma forms",
"Spanish noun forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "cani"
}
],
"glosses": [
"plural of cani"
],
"links": [
[
"cani",
"cani#Spanish"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"masculine",
"plural"
]
}
],
"word": "canis"
}
Download raw JSONL data for canis meaning in All languages combined (14.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.