"brightness" meaning in All languages combined

See brightness on Wiktionary

Noun [English]

IPA: /ˈbɹaɪtnəs/ Audio: en-us-brightness.ogg [US] Forms: brightnesses [plural]
Rhymes: -aɪtnəs Etymology: From Middle English bryghtnes, brightnesse, from Old English beorhtnes (“brightness, splendor”), from Proto-West Germanic *berhtnassī, equivalent to bright + -ness. Cognate with Old High German berahtnessī, berahtnessi (“brightness”). Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|bryghtnes}} Middle English bryghtnes, {{m|enm|brightnesse}} brightnesse, {{inh|en|ang|beorhtnes|t=brightness, splendor}} Old English beorhtnes (“brightness, splendor”), {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*berhtnassī}} Proto-West Germanic *berhtnassī, {{af|en|bright|-ness}} bright + -ness, {{cog|goh|berahtnessī}} Old High German berahtnessī, {{m|goh|berahtnessi|t=brightness}} berahtnessi (“brightness”) Head templates: {{en-noun|-|+}} brightness (usually uncountable, plural brightnesses)
  1. The quality of being bright. Tags: uncountable, usually Translations (the quality of being bright): γάνος (gános) [neuter] (Ancient Greek), λαμπρότης (lamprótēs) [feminine] (Ancient Greek), سُطُوع (suṭūʕ) [masculine] (Arabic), պայծառություն (paycaṙutʻyun) (Armenian), রৌশনী (rōuśoni) (Bengali), блясък (bljasǎk) [masculine] (Bulgarian), 明亮 (míngliàng) (Chinese Mandarin), jas [inanimate, masculine] (Czech), jasnost [feminine] (Czech), třpyt [masculine] (Czech), glans [masculine] (Dutch), helderheid [feminine] (Dutch), H-D-D-w-t-N8-Z3 (ḥḏḏwt) [feminine] (Egyptian), w-b-x:t-N8 (wbḫt) [feminine] (Egyptian), heldenso (Esperanto), helodenso (Esperanto), hohto (Finnish), kirkkaus (Finnish), loisto (Finnish), välke (Finnish), brillance (French), Funkeln [neuter] (German), Glanz (english: reflected from a surface, hair, skin) [masculine] (German), Helligkeit [feminine] (German), Strahlen [neuter] (German), φωτεινότητα (foteinótita) [feminine] (Greek), בהירות (behirut) [feminine] (Hebrew), चमक (camak) (Hindi), gile [feminine] (Irish), gléine [feminine] (Irish), lonracht [feminine] (Irish), spéiriúlacht [feminine] (Irish), 明るさ (akarusa) (alt: あかるさ) (Japanese), candor [masculine] (Latin), glans [masculine] (Norwegian), klarhet [common-gender] (Norwegian), lyshet [common-gender] (Norwegian), lysstyrke [masculine] (Norwegian), درخشندگی (deraxšandegi) (Persian), brilho (Portuguese), claridade [feminine] (Portuguese), clareza [feminine, figuratively] (Portuguese), phaqsa (Quechua), splendoare [feminine] (Romanian), strălucire [feminine] (Romanian), блеск (blesk) (english: brilliance, glitter) [masculine] (Russian), я́ркость (járkostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), вспы́шка (vspýška) (english: flash) [feminine] (Russian), brillo [masculine] (Spanish), ljusstyrka (Swedish), liwanag (Tagalog), sinag (Tausug), వెలుగు (velugu) (Telugu), ความสว่าง (kwaam-sà-wàang) (Thai), parlaklık (Turkish), چمک (camak) (Urdu), lleu [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-brightness-en-noun-U5Dbv~By Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header, English terms suffixed with -ness Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 84 12 4 Disambiguation of English terms suffixed with -ness: 87 9 4 Disambiguation of 'the quality of being bright': 99 0 0
  2. The perceived luminance of an object. Tags: uncountable, usually Categories (topical): Light Translations (perception elicited by the luminance of an object): պայծառություն (paycaṙutʻyun) (Armenian), я́ркост (járkost) [feminine] (Bulgarian), luminosité [feminine] (French), Helligkeit [feminine] (German), λάμψη (lámpsi) [feminine] (Greek), gile [feminine] (Irish), gléine [feminine] (Irish), spilgtums [masculine] (Latvian), spožums [masculine] (Latvian), я́ркость (járkostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), liwanag (Tagalog), lleu [masculine] (Welsh)
    Sense id: en-brightness-en-noun-41PE~NGx Disambiguation of Light: 22 78 0 Disambiguation of 'perception elicited by the luminance of an object': 12 86 2
  3. Intelligence, cleverness. Tags: uncountable, usually Translations (intelligence, cleverness): älykkyys (Finnish), intelligence (French), Aufgewecktheit [feminine] (German), εξυπνάδα (exypnáda) [feminine] (Greek), תבונה (Hebrew), אינטלגנציה (Hebrew), смышлёность (smyšljónostʹ) [feminine] (Russian), ум (um) [masculine] (Russian)
    Sense id: en-brightness-en-noun-n3aRF-~r Disambiguation of 'intelligence, cleverness': 3 0 97
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: brightnesse [obsolete] Derived forms: apparent brightness, intrinsic brightness

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for brightness meaning in All languages combined (13.8kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "apparent brightness"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "intrinsic brightness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bryghtnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bryghtnes",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "brightnesse"
      },
      "expansion": "brightnesse",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "beorhtnes",
        "t": "brightness, splendor"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English beorhtnes (“brightness, splendor”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*berhtnassī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *berhtnassī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "bright",
        "3": "-ness"
      },
      "expansion": "bright + -ness",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "berahtnessī"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German berahtnessī",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "berahtnessi",
        "t": "brightness"
      },
      "expansion": "berahtnessi (“brightness”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English bryghtnes, brightnesse, from Old English beorhtnes (“brightness, splendor”), from Proto-West Germanic *berhtnassī, equivalent to bright + -ness. Cognate with Old High German berahtnessī, berahtnessi (“brightness”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "brightnesses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "brightness (usually uncountable, plural brightnesses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bright‧ness"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "84 12 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 9 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English terms suffixed with -ness",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The quality of being bright."
      ],
      "id": "en-brightness-en-noun-U5Dbv~By",
      "links": [
        [
          "quality",
          "quality"
        ],
        [
          "bright",
          "bright"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "suṭūʕ",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "سُطُوع"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "paycaṙutʻyun",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "պայծառություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "bn",
          "lang": "Bengali",
          "roman": "rōuśoni",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "রৌশনী"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "bljasǎk",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "блясък"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "míngliàng",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "明亮"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "inanimate",
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "jas"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "jasnost"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "třpyt"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "glans"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "helderheid"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "egy",
          "lang": "Egyptian",
          "roman": "ḥḏḏwt",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "H-D-D-w-t-N8-Z3"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "egy",
          "lang": "Egyptian",
          "roman": "wbḫt",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "w-b-x:t-N8"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "heldenso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "helodenso"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "hohto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "kirkkaus"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "loisto"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "välke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "brillance"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Funkeln"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "english": "reflected from a surface, hair, skin",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "Glanz"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Helligkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "Strahlen"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "foteinótita",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "φωτεινότητα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "gános",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "neuter"
          ],
          "word": "γάνος"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "grc",
          "lang": "Ancient Greek",
          "roman": "lamprótēs",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "λαμπρότης"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "behirut",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "בהירות"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "camak",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "चमक"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gléine"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "lonracht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "spéiriúlacht"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "alt": "あかるさ",
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "akarusa",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "明るさ"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "candor"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "glans"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "klarhet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "common-gender"
          ],
          "word": "lyshet"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "no",
          "lang": "Norwegian",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lysstyrke"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "fa",
          "lang": "Persian",
          "roman": "deraxšandegi",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "درخشندگی"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "brilho"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "claridade"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine",
            "figuratively"
          ],
          "word": "clareza"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "qu",
          "lang": "Quechua",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "phaqsa"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "splendoare"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "strălucire"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "brilliance, glitter",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "blesk",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "блеск"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "járkostʹ",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "я́ркость"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ru",
          "english": "flash",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "vspýška",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "вспы́шка"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "brillo"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "ljusstyrka"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "liwanag"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "tsg",
          "lang": "Tausug",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "sinag"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "velugu",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "వెలుగు"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "roman": "kwaam-sà-wàang",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "ความสว่าง"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "parlaklık"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "camak",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "word": "چمک"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "99 0 0",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "the quality of being bright",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lleu"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 78 0",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "en",
          "name": "Light",
          "orig": "en:Light",
          "parents": [
            "Energy",
            "Nature",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "The perceived luminance of an object."
      ],
      "id": "en-brightness-en-noun-41PE~NGx",
      "links": [
        [
          "luminance",
          "luminance"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "paycaṙutʻyun",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "word": "պայծառություն"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "bg",
          "lang": "Bulgarian",
          "roman": "járkost",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "я́ркост"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "luminosité"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Helligkeit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "lámpsi",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "λάμψη"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gile"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "ga",
          "lang": "Irish",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "gléine"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "spilgtums"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "lv",
          "lang": "Latvian",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "spožums"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "járkostʹ",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "я́ркость"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "word": "liwanag"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "12 86 2",
          "code": "cy",
          "lang": "Welsh",
          "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "lleu"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Intelligence, cleverness."
      ],
      "id": "en-brightness-en-noun-n3aRF-~r",
      "links": [
        [
          "Intelligence",
          "intelligence"
        ],
        [
          "cleverness",
          "cleverness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ],
      "translations": [
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "word": "älykkyys"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "word": "intelligence"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "Aufgewecktheit"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "exypnáda",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "εξυπνάδα"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "word": "תבונה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "word": "אינטלגנציה"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "smyšljónostʹ",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "смышлёность"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "3 0 97",
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "um",
          "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "ум"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɹaɪtnəs/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪtnəs"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-brightness.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/En-us-brightness.ogg/En-us-brightness.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/En-us-brightness.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "brightnesse"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "brightness"
  ],
  "word": "brightness"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "English 2-syllable words",
    "English countable nouns",
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English nouns",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms suffixed with -ness",
    "English terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "English terms with audio links",
    "English uncountable nouns",
    "Requests for review of Esperanto translations",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪtnəs",
    "Rhymes:English/aɪtnəs/2 syllables",
    "en:Light"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "apparent brightness"
    },
    {
      "word": "intrinsic brightness"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "bryghtnes"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English bryghtnes",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "brightnesse"
      },
      "expansion": "brightnesse",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "beorhtnes",
        "t": "brightness, splendor"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English beorhtnes (“brightness, splendor”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*berhtnassī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *berhtnassī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "bright",
        "3": "-ness"
      },
      "expansion": "bright + -ness",
      "name": "af"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "berahtnessī"
      },
      "expansion": "Old High German berahtnessī",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "goh",
        "2": "berahtnessi",
        "t": "brightness"
      },
      "expansion": "berahtnessi (“brightness”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English bryghtnes, brightnesse, from Old English beorhtnes (“brightness, splendor”), from Proto-West Germanic *berhtnassī, equivalent to bright + -ness. Cognate with Old High German berahtnessī, berahtnessi (“brightness”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "brightnesses",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "-",
        "2": "+"
      },
      "expansion": "brightness (usually uncountable, plural brightnesses)",
      "name": "en-noun"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "bright‧ness"
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The quality of being bright."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "quality",
          "quality"
        ],
        [
          "bright",
          "bright"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "The perceived luminance of an object."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "luminance",
          "luminance"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "Intelligence, cleverness."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Intelligence",
          "intelligence"
        ],
        [
          "cleverness",
          "cleverness"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "uncountable",
        "usually"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈbɹaɪtnəs/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-aɪtnəs"
    },
    {
      "audio": "en-us-brightness.ogg",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/f/fb/En-us-brightness.ogg/En-us-brightness.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/f/fb/En-us-brightness.ogg",
      "tags": [
        "US"
      ],
      "text": "Audio (US)"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "obsolete"
      ],
      "word": "brightnesse"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "suṭūʕ",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "سُطُوع"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "paycaṙutʻyun",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "պայծառություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "bn",
      "lang": "Bengali",
      "roman": "rōuśoni",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "রৌশনী"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "bljasǎk",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "блясък"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "míngliàng",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "明亮"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "inanimate",
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "jas"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "jasnost"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "třpyt"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "glans"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "helderheid"
    },
    {
      "code": "egy",
      "lang": "Egyptian",
      "roman": "ḥḏḏwt",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "H-D-D-w-t-N8-Z3"
    },
    {
      "code": "egy",
      "lang": "Egyptian",
      "roman": "wbḫt",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "w-b-x:t-N8"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "heldenso"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "helodenso"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "hohto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "kirkkaus"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "loisto"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "välke"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "brillance"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Funkeln"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "english": "reflected from a surface, hair, skin",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Glanz"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Helligkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "Strahlen"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "foteinótita",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "φωτεινότητα"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "gános",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "γάνος"
    },
    {
      "code": "grc",
      "lang": "Ancient Greek",
      "roman": "lamprótēs",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "λαμπρότης"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "behirut",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "בהירות"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "camak",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "चमक"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gile"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gléine"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "lonracht"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "spéiriúlacht"
    },
    {
      "alt": "あかるさ",
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "akarusa",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "明るさ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "candor"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "glans"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "klarhet"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "common-gender"
      ],
      "word": "lyshet"
    },
    {
      "code": "no",
      "lang": "Norwegian",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lysstyrke"
    },
    {
      "code": "fa",
      "lang": "Persian",
      "roman": "deraxšandegi",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "درخشندگی"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "brilho"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "claridade"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "figuratively"
      ],
      "word": "clareza"
    },
    {
      "code": "qu",
      "lang": "Quechua",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "phaqsa"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "splendoare"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "strălucire"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "brilliance, glitter",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "blesk",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "блеск"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "járkostʹ",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "я́ркость"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "english": "flash",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "vspýška",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "вспы́шка"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "brillo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "ljusstyrka"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "liwanag"
    },
    {
      "code": "tsg",
      "lang": "Tausug",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "sinag"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "velugu",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "వెలుగు"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "roman": "kwaam-sà-wàang",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "ความสว่าง"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "parlaklık"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "camak",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "word": "چمک"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "the quality of being bright",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lleu"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "paycaṙutʻyun",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "word": "պայծառություն"
    },
    {
      "code": "bg",
      "lang": "Bulgarian",
      "roman": "járkost",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "я́ркост"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "luminosité"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Helligkeit"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "lámpsi",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "λάμψη"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gile"
    },
    {
      "code": "ga",
      "lang": "Irish",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "gléine"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spilgtums"
    },
    {
      "code": "lv",
      "lang": "Latvian",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "spožums"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "járkostʹ",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "я́ркость"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "word": "liwanag"
    },
    {
      "code": "cy",
      "lang": "Welsh",
      "sense": "perception elicited by the luminance of an object",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "lleu"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "word": "älykkyys"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "word": "intelligence"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "Aufgewecktheit"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "exypnáda",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "εξυπνάδα"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "word": "תבונה"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "word": "אינטלגנציה"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "smyšljónostʹ",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "смышлёность"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "um",
      "sense": "intelligence, cleverness",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "ум"
    }
  ],
  "wikipedia": [
    "brightness"
  ],
  "word": "brightness"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.