"I think, therefore I am" meaning in All languages combined

See I think, therefore I am on Wiktionary

Phrase [English]

Etymology: Calque of French je pense, donc je suis or perhaps of Latin cōgitō, ergō sum. First written in French by René Descartes, a 17th century French philosopher, in Discourse on the Method (1637) as je pense donc je suis, which he later expressed in Latin in Principles of Philosophy (1644). Etymology templates: {{cal|en|fr|je pense, donc je suis}} Calque of French je pense, donc je suis, {{cal|en|la|cōgitō, ergō sum|notext=1}} Latin cōgitō, ergō sum Head templates: {{head|en|phrase|head=I think, therefore I am}} I think, therefore I am
  1. (philosophy) I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists. Wikipedia link: French language, I think, therefore I am, René Descartes Categories (topical): Philosophy Synonyms: I think, therefore, I am, therefore I am, I think therefore I am Translations (philosophical proof of existence): mendoj, pra jam (Albanian), أُفَكِّر، إِذَن أَنَا مَوْجُود (ʔufakkir, ʔiḏan ʔanā mawjūd) (Arabic), أُفَكِّر، إِذَن أُوجَد (ʔufakkir, ʔiḏan ʔūjad) (Arabic), بفكّر فموجود (bafakkar famawgūd) [Egyptian-Arabic] (Arabic), մտածում եմ, ուրեմն կամ (mtacum em, uremn kam) (Armenian), prederian, hiviziken me on (Breton), penso, llavors existeixo (Catalan), 我思故我在 (ngo⁵ si¹ gu³ ngo⁵ zoi⁶) (Chinese Cantonese), 我思故我在 (wǒ sī gù wǒ zài) (Chinese Mandarin), myslím, tedy jsem (Czech), jeg tænker, derfor er jeg (Danish), ik denk, dus ik ben (Dutch), шонем, тугеже улам (šońem, tugeže ulam) (Eastern Mari), mi pensas tial mi estas (Esperanto), mõtlen, järelikult olen (Estonian), ajattelen, siis olen (Finnish), je pense, donc je suis (French), penso, logo existo (Galician), penso, polo tanto, existo (Galician), ვაზროვნებ მაშასადამე ვარსებობ (vazrovneb mašasadame varsebob) (Georgian), ich denke, also bin ich (German), σκέπτομαι, άρα υπάρχω (sképtomai, ára ypárcho) (Greek), હું ચંતવું ક્રિવિ હું છું (hũ cantvũ krivi hũ chũ) (Gujarati), אני חושב משמע אני קיים (aní ḥoshév, mashmá' aní qayám) (Hebrew), मैं सोचता हूँ इसलिए मैं हूँ (ma͠i soctā hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃) [masculine] (Hindi), मैं सोचती हूँ इसलिए मैं हूँ (ma͠i soctī hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃) [feminine] (Hindi), gondolkodom, tehát vagyok (Hungarian), ég hugsa, þess vegna er ég (Icelandic), saya berpikir, maka saya ada (Indonesian), penso dunque sono (Italian), 我思う、故に我在り (ware omou, yue ni ware ari) (Japanese), ខ្ញុំគិតថា ហេតុដូច្នេះហើយខ្ញុំមាន (kɲom kɨt, haet doocneh haəy kɲom mien) (Khmer), 생각한다 고로 존재한다 (saenggakhanda goro jonjaehanda) (Korean), ຂ້ອຍຄິດວ່າສະນັ້ນຂ້ອຍ (khǭi khit wā sa nan khǭi) (Lao), cōgitō, ergō sum (Latin), mąstau, vadinasi, esu (Lithuanian), мислам, значи постојам (mislam, znači postojam) (Macedonian), मी विचार करतो त्याअर्थी मी आहे (mī vicār karto tyāarthī mī āhe) (Marathi), би сэтгэж байгаа учраас оршиж байна (bi setgež bajgaa učraas oršiž bajna) (Mongolian), ᠪᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ (bi sedgiǰu bayig-a učir-ača orusiǰu bayin-a) [Mongolian] (Mongolian), ntséskees, áko, bee ʼáníshtʼé (Navajo), jeg tenker, derfor er jeg (Norwegian Bokmål), eg tenkjer, derfor er eg (Norwegian Nynorsk), pensi, per consequéncia soi (Occitan), мꙑшлѭ оубо есмь (myšljǫ ubo esmĭ) (Old Church Slavonic), myślę, więc jestem (Polish), penso, logo existo (Portuguese), cuget, deci exist (Romanian), мы́слю, сле́довательно, существу́ю (mýslju, slédovatelʹno, suščestvúju) (Russian), я мы́слю, сле́довательно, я есмь (ja mýslju, slédovatelʹno, ja jesmʹ) (Russian), अहं ध्यायाम्यतः अस्मि (ahaṃ dhyāyāmyataḥ asmi) (Sanskrit), мислим, дакле постојим [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), мислим, дакле јесам [Cyrillic] (Serbo-Croatian), mislim, dakle postojim [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), mislim, dakle jesam [Roman] (Serbo-Croatian), ndinofunga, saka ndinorarama (Shona), myslím, teda som (Slovak), mislim, torej sem (Slovene), pienso, luego existo (Spanish), pienso, por lo tanto, existo (Spanish), jag tänker, alltså finns jag (Swedish), naiisip ko, samakatuwid ako ay iyon (Tagalog), నేను అనుకుంటున్నాను కలిపించారు (nēnu anukuṇṭunnānu kalipiñcāru) (Telugu), ฉันคิดว่าฉันเป็นดังนั้น (Thai), düşünüyorum, öyleyse varım (Turkish), мислю, отже існую (myslju, otže isnuju) (Ukrainian), я ми́слю, о́тже я є́сьм (ja mýslju, ótže ja jésʹm) (Ukrainian), میں سوچتا ہوں اسلئے میں ہوں (ma͠i soctā hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃) [masculine] (Urdu), میں سوچتی ہوں اسلئے میں ہوں (ma͠i soctī hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃) [feminine] (Urdu), tôi tư duy, nên tôi tồn tại (Vietnamese)
    Sense id: en-I_think,_therefore_I_am-en-phrase-EE6GyRpX Categories (other): Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations, Egyptian Arabic terms with redundant script codes, English entries with incorrect language header, English sentences, Entries with translation boxes, Khmer terms with redundant script codes, Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations, Mongolian terms with redundant script codes, Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Telugu terms with redundant script codes, Terms with Albanian translations, Terms with Arabic translations, Terms with Armenian translations, Terms with Breton translations, Terms with Cantonese translations, Terms with Catalan translations, Terms with Czech translations, Terms with Danish translations, Terms with Dutch translations, Terms with Eastern Mari translations, Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations, Terms with Esperanto translations, Terms with Estonian translations, Terms with Finnish translations, Terms with French translations, Terms with Galician translations, Terms with Georgian translations, Terms with German translations, Terms with Greek translations, Terms with Gujarati translations, Terms with Hebrew translations, Terms with Hindi translations, Terms with Hungarian translations, Terms with Icelandic translations, Terms with Indonesian translations, Terms with Italian translations, Terms with Japanese translations, Terms with Khmer translations, Terms with Korean translations, Terms with Lao translations, Terms with Latin translations, Terms with Lithuanian translations, Terms with Macedonian translations, Terms with Mandarin translations, Terms with Marathi translations, Terms with Mongolian translations, Terms with Navajo translations, Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations, Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations, Terms with Occitan translations, Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations, Terms with Polish translations, Terms with Portuguese translations, Terms with Romanian translations, Terms with Russian translations, Terms with Sanskrit translations, Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations, Terms with Shona translations, Terms with Slovak translations, Terms with Slovene translations, Terms with Spanish translations, Terms with Swedish translations, Terms with Tagalog translations, Terms with Telugu translations, Terms with Thai translations, Terms with Turkish translations, Terms with Ukrainian translations, Terms with Urdu translations, Terms with Vietnamese translations, Ukrainian terms with redundant script codes, Urdu terms with redundant script codes Topics: human-sciences, philosophy, sciences
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        "I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists."
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      "id": "en-I_think,_therefore_I_am-en-phrase-EE6GyRpX",
      "links": [
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          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
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        [
          "proof",
          "proof"
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          "existence",
          "existence"
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists."
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "I think"
        },
        {
          "word": "therefore"
        },
        {
          "word": "I am"
        },
        {
          "word": "therefore I am"
        },
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        {
          "code": "sq",
          "lang": "Albanian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "mendoj, pra jam"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔufakkir, ʔiḏan ʔanā mawjūd",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "أُفَكِّر، إِذَن أَنَا مَوْجُود"
        },
        {
          "code": "ar",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "ʔufakkir, ʔiḏan ʔūjad",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "أُفَكِّر، إِذَن أُوجَد"
        },
        {
          "code": "arz",
          "lang": "Arabic",
          "roman": "bafakkar famawgūd",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "Egyptian-Arabic"
          ],
          "word": "بفكّر فموجود"
        },
        {
          "code": "hy",
          "lang": "Armenian",
          "roman": "mtacum em, uremn kam",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "մտածում եմ, ուրեմն կամ"
        },
        {
          "code": "br",
          "lang": "Breton",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "prederian, hiviziken me on"
        },
        {
          "code": "ca",
          "lang": "Catalan",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "penso, llavors existeixo"
        },
        {
          "code": "yue",
          "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
          "roman": "ngo⁵ si¹ gu³ ngo⁵ zoi⁶",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "我思故我在"
        },
        {
          "code": "cmn",
          "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
          "roman": "wǒ sī gù wǒ zài",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "我思故我在"
        },
        {
          "code": "cs",
          "lang": "Czech",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "myslím, tedy jsem"
        },
        {
          "code": "da",
          "lang": "Danish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "jeg tænker, derfor er jeg"
        },
        {
          "code": "nl",
          "lang": "Dutch",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ik denk, dus ik ben"
        },
        {
          "code": "eo",
          "lang": "Esperanto",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "mi pensas tial mi estas"
        },
        {
          "code": "et",
          "lang": "Estonian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "mõtlen, järelikult olen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fi",
          "lang": "Finnish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ajattelen, siis olen"
        },
        {
          "code": "fr",
          "lang": "French",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "je pense, donc je suis"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "penso, logo existo"
        },
        {
          "code": "gl",
          "lang": "Galician",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "penso, polo tanto, existo"
        },
        {
          "code": "ka",
          "lang": "Georgian",
          "roman": "vazrovneb mašasadame varsebob",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ვაზროვნებ მაშასადამე ვარსებობ"
        },
        {
          "code": "de",
          "lang": "German",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ich denke, also bin ich"
        },
        {
          "code": "el",
          "lang": "Greek",
          "roman": "sképtomai, ára ypárcho",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "σκέπτομαι, άρα υπάρχω"
        },
        {
          "code": "gu",
          "lang": "Gujarati",
          "roman": "hũ cantvũ krivi hũ chũ",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "હું ચંતવું ક્રિવિ હું છું"
        },
        {
          "code": "he",
          "lang": "Hebrew",
          "roman": "aní ḥoshév, mashmá' aní qayám",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "אני חושב משמע אני קיים"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "ma͠i soctā hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "मैं सोचता हूँ इसलिए मैं हूँ"
        },
        {
          "code": "hi",
          "lang": "Hindi",
          "roman": "ma͠i soctī hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "मैं सोचती हूँ इसलिए मैं हूँ"
        },
        {
          "code": "hu",
          "lang": "Hungarian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "gondolkodom, tehát vagyok"
        },
        {
          "code": "is",
          "lang": "Icelandic",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ég hugsa, þess vegna er ég"
        },
        {
          "code": "id",
          "lang": "Indonesian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "saya berpikir, maka saya ada"
        },
        {
          "code": "it",
          "lang": "Italian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "penso dunque sono"
        },
        {
          "code": "ja",
          "lang": "Japanese",
          "roman": "ware omou, yue ni ware ari",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "我思う、故に我在り"
        },
        {
          "code": "km",
          "lang": "Khmer",
          "roman": "kɲom kɨt, haet doocneh haəy kɲom mien",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ខ្ញុំគិតថា ហេតុដូច្នេះហើយខ្ញុំមាន"
        },
        {
          "code": "ko",
          "lang": "Korean",
          "roman": "saenggakhanda goro jonjaehanda",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "생각한다 고로 존재한다"
        },
        {
          "code": "lo",
          "lang": "Lao",
          "roman": "khǭi khit wā sa nan khǭi",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ຂ້ອຍຄິດວ່າສະນັ້ນຂ້ອຍ"
        },
        {
          "code": "la",
          "lang": "Latin",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "cōgitō, ergō sum"
        },
        {
          "code": "lt",
          "lang": "Lithuanian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "mąstau, vadinasi, esu"
        },
        {
          "code": "mk",
          "lang": "Macedonian",
          "roman": "mislam, znači postojam",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "мислам, значи постојам"
        },
        {
          "code": "mr",
          "lang": "Marathi",
          "roman": "mī vicār karto tyāarthī mī āhe",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "मी विचार करतो त्याअर्थी मी आहे"
        },
        {
          "code": "mhr",
          "lang": "Eastern Mari",
          "roman": "šońem, tugeže ulam",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "шонем, тугеже улам"
        },
        {
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "bi setgež bajgaa učraas oršiž bajna",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "би сэтгэж байгаа учраас оршиж байна"
        },
        {
          "code": "mn",
          "lang": "Mongolian",
          "roman": "bi sedgiǰu bayig-a učir-ača orusiǰu bayin-a",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "Mongolian"
          ],
          "word": "ᠪᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ"
        },
        {
          "code": "nv",
          "lang": "Navajo",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ntséskees, áko, bee ʼáníshtʼé"
        },
        {
          "code": "nb",
          "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "jeg tenker, derfor er jeg"
        },
        {
          "code": "nn",
          "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "eg tenkjer, derfor er eg"
        },
        {
          "code": "oc",
          "lang": "Occitan",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "pensi, per consequéncia soi"
        },
        {
          "code": "cu",
          "lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
          "roman": "myšljǫ ubo esmĭ",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "мꙑшлѭ оубо есмь"
        },
        {
          "code": "pl",
          "lang": "Polish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "myślę, więc jestem"
        },
        {
          "code": "pt",
          "lang": "Portuguese",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "penso, logo existo"
        },
        {
          "code": "ro",
          "lang": "Romanian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "cuget, deci exist"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "mýslju, slédovatelʹno, suščestvúju",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "мы́слю, сле́довательно, существу́ю"
        },
        {
          "code": "ru",
          "lang": "Russian",
          "roman": "ja mýslju, slédovatelʹno, ja jesmʹ",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "я мы́слю, сле́довательно, я есмь"
        },
        {
          "code": "sa",
          "lang": "Sanskrit",
          "roman": "ahaṃ dhyāyāmyataḥ asmi",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "अहं ध्यायाम्यतः अस्मि"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "мислим, дакле постојим"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "Cyrillic"
          ],
          "word": "мислим, дакле јесам"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "mislim, dakle postojim"
        },
        {
          "code": "sh",
          "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "Roman"
          ],
          "word": "mislim, dakle jesam"
        },
        {
          "code": "sn",
          "lang": "Shona",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ndinofunga, saka ndinorarama"
        },
        {
          "code": "sk",
          "lang": "Slovak",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "myslím, teda som"
        },
        {
          "code": "sl",
          "lang": "Slovene",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "mislim, torej sem"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "pienso, luego existo"
        },
        {
          "code": "es",
          "lang": "Spanish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "pienso, por lo tanto, existo"
        },
        {
          "code": "sv",
          "lang": "Swedish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "jag tänker, alltså finns jag"
        },
        {
          "code": "tl",
          "lang": "Tagalog",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "naiisip ko, samakatuwid ako ay iyon"
        },
        {
          "code": "te",
          "lang": "Telugu",
          "roman": "nēnu anukuṇṭunnānu kalipiñcāru",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "నేను అనుకుంటున్నాను కలిపించారు"
        },
        {
          "code": "th",
          "lang": "Thai",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "ฉันคิดว่าฉันเป็นดังนั้น"
        },
        {
          "code": "tr",
          "lang": "Turkish",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "düşünüyorum, öyleyse varım"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "myslju, otže isnuju",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "мислю, отже існую"
        },
        {
          "code": "uk",
          "lang": "Ukrainian",
          "roman": "ja mýslju, ótže ja jésʹm",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "я ми́слю, о́тже я є́сьм"
        },
        {
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "ma͠i soctā hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "masculine"
          ],
          "word": "میں سوچتا ہوں اسلئے میں ہوں"
        },
        {
          "code": "ur",
          "lang": "Urdu",
          "roman": "ma͠i soctī hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "tags": [
            "feminine"
          ],
          "word": "میں سوچتی ہوں اسلئے میں ہوں"
        },
        {
          "code": "vi",
          "lang": "Vietnamese",
          "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
          "word": "tôi tư duy, nên tôi tồn tại"
        }
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "French language",
        "I think, therefore I am",
        "René Descartes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "I think, therefore I am"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "fr",
        "3": "je pense, donc je suis"
      },
      "expansion": "Calque of French je pense, donc je suis",
      "name": "cal"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "cōgitō, ergō sum",
        "notext": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin cōgitō, ergō sum",
      "name": "cal"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Calque of French je pense, donc je suis or perhaps of Latin cōgitō, ergō sum. First written in French by René Descartes, a 17th century French philosopher, in Discourse on the Method (1637) as je pense donc je suis, which he later expressed in Latin in Principles of Philosophy (1644).",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "phrase",
        "head": "I think, therefore I am"
      },
      "expansion": "I think, therefore I am",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "phrase",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Cantonese terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Egyptian Arabic terms with redundant script codes",
        "English entries with incorrect language header",
        "English lemmas",
        "English multiword terms",
        "English phrases",
        "English sentences",
        "English terms calqued from French",
        "English terms calqued from Latin",
        "English terms derived from French",
        "English terms derived from Latin",
        "Entries with translation boxes",
        "Khmer terms with redundant script codes",
        "Mandarin terms with redundant transliterations",
        "Mongolian terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Telugu terms with redundant script codes",
        "Terms with Albanian translations",
        "Terms with Arabic translations",
        "Terms with Armenian translations",
        "Terms with Breton translations",
        "Terms with Cantonese translations",
        "Terms with Catalan translations",
        "Terms with Czech translations",
        "Terms with Danish translations",
        "Terms with Dutch translations",
        "Terms with Eastern Mari translations",
        "Terms with Egyptian Arabic translations",
        "Terms with Esperanto translations",
        "Terms with Estonian translations",
        "Terms with Finnish translations",
        "Terms with French translations",
        "Terms with Galician translations",
        "Terms with Georgian translations",
        "Terms with German translations",
        "Terms with Greek translations",
        "Terms with Gujarati translations",
        "Terms with Hebrew translations",
        "Terms with Hindi translations",
        "Terms with Hungarian translations",
        "Terms with Icelandic translations",
        "Terms with Indonesian translations",
        "Terms with Italian translations",
        "Terms with Japanese translations",
        "Terms with Khmer translations",
        "Terms with Korean translations",
        "Terms with Lao translations",
        "Terms with Latin translations",
        "Terms with Lithuanian translations",
        "Terms with Macedonian translations",
        "Terms with Mandarin translations",
        "Terms with Marathi translations",
        "Terms with Mongolian translations",
        "Terms with Navajo translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
        "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
        "Terms with Occitan translations",
        "Terms with Old Church Slavonic translations",
        "Terms with Polish translations",
        "Terms with Portuguese translations",
        "Terms with Romanian translations",
        "Terms with Russian translations",
        "Terms with Sanskrit translations",
        "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
        "Terms with Shona translations",
        "Terms with Slovak translations",
        "Terms with Slovene translations",
        "Terms with Spanish translations",
        "Terms with Swedish translations",
        "Terms with Tagalog translations",
        "Terms with Telugu translations",
        "Terms with Thai translations",
        "Terms with Turkish translations",
        "Terms with Ukrainian translations",
        "Terms with Urdu translations",
        "Terms with Vietnamese translations",
        "Ukrainian terms with redundant script codes",
        "Urdu terms with redundant script codes",
        "en:Philosophy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "philosophy",
          "philosophy"
        ],
        [
          "proof",
          "proof"
        ],
        [
          "existence",
          "existence"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(philosophy) I am able to think, therefore I exist. A philosophical proof of existence based on the fact that someone capable of any form of thought necessarily exists."
      ],
      "topics": [
        "human-sciences",
        "philosophy",
        "sciences"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "French language",
        "I think, therefore I am",
        "René Descartes"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "I think"
    },
    {
      "word": "therefore"
    },
    {
      "word": "I am"
    },
    {
      "word": "therefore I am"
    },
    {
      "word": "I think therefore I am"
    }
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "code": "sq",
      "lang": "Albanian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "mendoj, pra jam"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔufakkir, ʔiḏan ʔanā mawjūd",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "أُفَكِّر، إِذَن أَنَا مَوْجُود"
    },
    {
      "code": "ar",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "ʔufakkir, ʔiḏan ʔūjad",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "أُفَكِّر، إِذَن أُوجَد"
    },
    {
      "code": "arz",
      "lang": "Arabic",
      "roman": "bafakkar famawgūd",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "Egyptian-Arabic"
      ],
      "word": "بفكّر فموجود"
    },
    {
      "code": "hy",
      "lang": "Armenian",
      "roman": "mtacum em, uremn kam",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "մտածում եմ, ուրեմն կամ"
    },
    {
      "code": "br",
      "lang": "Breton",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "prederian, hiviziken me on"
    },
    {
      "code": "ca",
      "lang": "Catalan",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "penso, llavors existeixo"
    },
    {
      "code": "yue",
      "lang": "Chinese Cantonese",
      "roman": "ngo⁵ si¹ gu³ ngo⁵ zoi⁶",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "我思故我在"
    },
    {
      "code": "cmn",
      "lang": "Chinese Mandarin",
      "roman": "wǒ sī gù wǒ zài",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "我思故我在"
    },
    {
      "code": "cs",
      "lang": "Czech",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "myslím, tedy jsem"
    },
    {
      "code": "da",
      "lang": "Danish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "jeg tænker, derfor er jeg"
    },
    {
      "code": "nl",
      "lang": "Dutch",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ik denk, dus ik ben"
    },
    {
      "code": "eo",
      "lang": "Esperanto",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "mi pensas tial mi estas"
    },
    {
      "code": "et",
      "lang": "Estonian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "mõtlen, järelikult olen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fi",
      "lang": "Finnish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ajattelen, siis olen"
    },
    {
      "code": "fr",
      "lang": "French",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "je pense, donc je suis"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "penso, logo existo"
    },
    {
      "code": "gl",
      "lang": "Galician",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "penso, polo tanto, existo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ka",
      "lang": "Georgian",
      "roman": "vazrovneb mašasadame varsebob",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ვაზროვნებ მაშასადამე ვარსებობ"
    },
    {
      "code": "de",
      "lang": "German",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ich denke, also bin ich"
    },
    {
      "code": "el",
      "lang": "Greek",
      "roman": "sképtomai, ára ypárcho",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "σκέπτομαι, άρα υπάρχω"
    },
    {
      "code": "gu",
      "lang": "Gujarati",
      "roman": "hũ cantvũ krivi hũ chũ",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "હું ચંતવું ક્રિવિ હું છું"
    },
    {
      "code": "he",
      "lang": "Hebrew",
      "roman": "aní ḥoshév, mashmá' aní qayám",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "אני חושב משמע אני קיים"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "ma͠i soctā hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "मैं सोचता हूँ इसलिए मैं हूँ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hi",
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "roman": "ma͠i soctī hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "मैं सोचती हूँ इसलिए मैं हूँ"
    },
    {
      "code": "hu",
      "lang": "Hungarian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "gondolkodom, tehát vagyok"
    },
    {
      "code": "is",
      "lang": "Icelandic",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ég hugsa, þess vegna er ég"
    },
    {
      "code": "id",
      "lang": "Indonesian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "saya berpikir, maka saya ada"
    },
    {
      "code": "it",
      "lang": "Italian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "penso dunque sono"
    },
    {
      "code": "ja",
      "lang": "Japanese",
      "roman": "ware omou, yue ni ware ari",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "我思う、故に我在り"
    },
    {
      "code": "km",
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "roman": "kɲom kɨt, haet doocneh haəy kɲom mien",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ខ្ញុំគិតថា ហេតុដូច្នេះហើយខ្ញុំមាន"
    },
    {
      "code": "ko",
      "lang": "Korean",
      "roman": "saenggakhanda goro jonjaehanda",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "생각한다 고로 존재한다"
    },
    {
      "code": "lo",
      "lang": "Lao",
      "roman": "khǭi khit wā sa nan khǭi",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ຂ້ອຍຄິດວ່າສະນັ້ນຂ້ອຍ"
    },
    {
      "code": "la",
      "lang": "Latin",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "cōgitō, ergō sum"
    },
    {
      "code": "lt",
      "lang": "Lithuanian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "mąstau, vadinasi, esu"
    },
    {
      "code": "mk",
      "lang": "Macedonian",
      "roman": "mislam, znači postojam",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "мислам, значи постојам"
    },
    {
      "code": "mr",
      "lang": "Marathi",
      "roman": "mī vicār karto tyāarthī mī āhe",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "मी विचार करतो त्याअर्थी मी आहे"
    },
    {
      "code": "mhr",
      "lang": "Eastern Mari",
      "roman": "šońem, tugeže ulam",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "шонем, тугеже улам"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "bi setgež bajgaa učraas oršiž bajna",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "би сэтгэж байгаа учраас оршиж байна"
    },
    {
      "code": "mn",
      "lang": "Mongolian",
      "roman": "bi sedgiǰu bayig-a učir-ača orusiǰu bayin-a",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "Mongolian"
      ],
      "word": "ᠪᠢ ᠰᠡᠳᠭᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠭ᠎ᠠ ᠤᠴᠢᠷ ᠠᠴᠠ ᠣᠷᠤᠰᠢᠵᠤ ᠪᠠᠶᠢᠨ᠎ᠠ"
    },
    {
      "code": "nv",
      "lang": "Navajo",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ntséskees, áko, bee ʼáníshtʼé"
    },
    {
      "code": "nb",
      "lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "jeg tenker, derfor er jeg"
    },
    {
      "code": "nn",
      "lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "eg tenkjer, derfor er eg"
    },
    {
      "code": "oc",
      "lang": "Occitan",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "pensi, per consequéncia soi"
    },
    {
      "code": "cu",
      "lang": "Old Church Slavonic",
      "roman": "myšljǫ ubo esmĭ",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "мꙑшлѭ оубо есмь"
    },
    {
      "code": "pl",
      "lang": "Polish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "myślę, więc jestem"
    },
    {
      "code": "pt",
      "lang": "Portuguese",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "penso, logo existo"
    },
    {
      "code": "ro",
      "lang": "Romanian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "cuget, deci exist"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "mýslju, slédovatelʹno, suščestvúju",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "мы́слю, сле́довательно, существу́ю"
    },
    {
      "code": "ru",
      "lang": "Russian",
      "roman": "ja mýslju, slédovatelʹno, ja jesmʹ",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "я мы́слю, сле́довательно, я есмь"
    },
    {
      "code": "sa",
      "lang": "Sanskrit",
      "roman": "ahaṃ dhyāyāmyataḥ asmi",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "अहं ध्यायाम्यतः अस्मि"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "мислим, дакле постојим"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "word": "мислим, дакле јесам"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "mislim, dakle postojim"
    },
    {
      "code": "sh",
      "lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "Roman"
      ],
      "word": "mislim, dakle jesam"
    },
    {
      "code": "sn",
      "lang": "Shona",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ndinofunga, saka ndinorarama"
    },
    {
      "code": "sk",
      "lang": "Slovak",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "myslím, teda som"
    },
    {
      "code": "sl",
      "lang": "Slovene",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "mislim, torej sem"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "pienso, luego existo"
    },
    {
      "code": "es",
      "lang": "Spanish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "pienso, por lo tanto, existo"
    },
    {
      "code": "sv",
      "lang": "Swedish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "jag tänker, alltså finns jag"
    },
    {
      "code": "tl",
      "lang": "Tagalog",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "naiisip ko, samakatuwid ako ay iyon"
    },
    {
      "code": "te",
      "lang": "Telugu",
      "roman": "nēnu anukuṇṭunnānu kalipiñcāru",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "నేను అనుకుంటున్నాను కలిపించారు"
    },
    {
      "code": "th",
      "lang": "Thai",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "ฉันคิดว่าฉันเป็นดังนั้น"
    },
    {
      "code": "tr",
      "lang": "Turkish",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "düşünüyorum, öyleyse varım"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "myslju, otže isnuju",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "мислю, отже існую"
    },
    {
      "code": "uk",
      "lang": "Ukrainian",
      "roman": "ja mýslju, ótže ja jésʹm",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "я ми́слю, о́тже я є́сьм"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ma͠i soctā hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "میں سوچتا ہوں اسلئے میں ہوں"
    },
    {
      "code": "ur",
      "lang": "Urdu",
      "roman": "ma͠i soctī hū̃ islie ma͠i hū̃",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "میں سوچتی ہوں اسلئے میں ہوں"
    },
    {
      "code": "vi",
      "lang": "Vietnamese",
      "sense": "philosophical proof of existence",
      "word": "tôi tư duy, nên tôi tồn tại"
    }
  ],
  "word": "I think, therefore I am"
}

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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (d49d402 and a5af179). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.