See -yka on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-y",
"3": "*-kъ",
"alt2": "*-ka"
},
"expansion": "*-y + *-ka",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ungō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ungō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe",
"3": "*-n̥kʷ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷ-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Probably a combination of *-y + *-ka. A fossilization of an older *-yja or a borrowed origin have been also proposed (see Proto-Germanic *-ungō, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷ-).\nUnlike *-ykъ which seems to be a mere extension of archaic masculine *-y nouns (cf. *ęzykъ (“tongue”) < Pre-Slavic *inźūˀ), *-yka appears to fulfill a genuine grammatical function.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ỳka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-yka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-yko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-yka",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "motati (“to hurl, to reel”) → *motyka (“hoe, mattock”)"
},
{
"text": "volděti (“to rule, to wield”) → *voldyka (“sovereign”)"
},
{
"text": "kъldovati (“to conjure, to bewitch”) → *kъldyka (“sick, handicap person”)"
},
{
"text": "xoditi (“to walk”) → *хоdyka (⇒ Belarusian хады́ка (xadýka, “walker”))"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbial, forms instruments or representees of the referred verb (rare)"
],
"id": "en--yka-sla-pro-suffix-762BSjT5",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ъkъ"
},
{
"word": "-ьcь"
},
{
"word": "-ikъ"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-yka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-ικός",
"4": "-ική"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -ική (-ikḗ)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ca",
"3": "-ika"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ca and -ika",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -ική (-ikḗ). Doublet of -ca and -ika.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-yka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yką",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-yka f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"y‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish singularia tantum",
"parents": [
"Singularia tantum",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "akord + -yka → akordyka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ics, typically causing antepenultimate stress, or pentulimate stress colloquially"
],
"id": "en--yka-pl-suffix-2bBGtDEV",
"links": [
[
"-ics",
"-ics#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ika"
}
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɘ.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘka"
}
],
"word": "-yka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "grc",
"3": "-ικός",
"4": "-ική"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -ική (-ikḗ)",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "-ca",
"3": "-ika"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of -ca and -ika",
"name": "dbt"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Ancient Greek -ική (-ikḗ). Doublet of -ca and -ika.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "-yka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yki",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yką",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "-yka f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"y‧ka"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"tantum": "s"
},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish doublets",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine suffixes",
"Polish learned borrowings from Ancient Greek",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish singularia tantum",
"Polish suffixes",
"Polish terms borrowed from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘka",
"Rhymes:Polish/ɘka/2 syllables"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "akord + -yka → akordyka",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ics, typically causing antepenultimate stress, or pentulimate stress colloquially"
],
"links": [
[
"-ics",
"-ics#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɘ.ka/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ɘka"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-ika"
}
],
"word": "-yka"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*-y",
"3": "*-kъ",
"alt2": "*-ka"
},
"expansion": "*-y + *-ka",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*-ungō"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-ungō",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*-kʷe",
"3": "*-n̥kʷ-"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷ-",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain. Probably a combination of *-y + *-ka. A fossilization of an older *-yja or a borrowed origin have been also proposed (see Proto-Germanic *-ungō, possibly from Proto-Indo-European *-n̥kʷ-).\nUnlike *-ykъ which seems to be a mere extension of archaic masculine *-y nouns (cf. *ęzykъ (“tongue”) < Pre-Slavic *inźūˀ), *-yka appears to fulfill a genuine grammatical function.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-ỳka",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sla-decl-noun",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-yka",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykamъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykojǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykǫ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykama",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-yku",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykasъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-ykaxъ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-yko",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ycě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-yky",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sla-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Slavic",
"lang_code": "sla-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/-yka",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-ъkъ"
},
{
"word": "-ьcь"
},
{
"word": "-ikъ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Slavic compound terms",
"Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Slavic feminine suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Slavic lemmas",
"Proto-Slavic noun-forming suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic suffixes",
"Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "motati (“to hurl, to reel”) → *motyka (“hoe, mattock”)"
},
{
"text": "volděti (“to rule, to wield”) → *voldyka (“sovereign”)"
},
{
"text": "kъldovati (“to conjure, to bewitch”) → *kъldyka (“sick, handicap person”)"
},
{
"text": "xoditi (“to walk”) → *хоdyka (⇒ Belarusian хады́ка (xadýka, “walker”))"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Deverbial, forms instruments or representees of the referred verb (rare)"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-yka"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -yka meaning in All languages combined (6.3kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.