See -phile on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:-phila<id:loving>",
"id": "loving",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nEnglish -phile",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-phila"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin -phila",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φίλος",
"4": "",
"5": "dear, beloved"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nEnglish -phile\nLearned borrowing from Latin -phila, from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-phille",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-phil",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-phile",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-phile",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-phobe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Entries with translation boxes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Catalan translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Danish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Finnish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with French translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Galician translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Georgian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with German translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Greek translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Hungarian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Italian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Polish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Portuguese translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Romanian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Sicilian translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Spanish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Swedish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Terms with Turkish translations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "97 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using catfix",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "97 0 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "96 0 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
27
]
],
"text": "Scott is such a bibliophile that he won't even put that book down.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns and adjectives meaning \"loving\", \"friendly\", or \"friend\"."
],
"id": "en--phile-en-suffix-en:loving",
"related": [
{
"word": "-philia"
},
{
"word": "-philiac"
},
{
"word": "-maniac"
},
{
"word": "-mane"
}
],
"senseid": [
"en:loving"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "-fil",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-фил"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fiili"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-phile"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "-pili",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-ფილი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-phil"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "-filos",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-φιλος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-barát"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-kedvelő"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/faɪ̯l/"
}
],
"word": "-phile"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:-phila<id:loving>",
"id": "loving",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-phila"
},
"expansion": "Latin -phila",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φίλος",
"4": "",
"5": "dear, beloved"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile\nFrom Latin -phila, from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-philes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-phile (adjective-forming suffix, plural -philes)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-phobe"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "anglo- + -phile → anglophile (“Anglophilic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "techno- + -phile → technophile (“technophilic”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-philic"
],
"id": "en--phile-fr-suffix-bxQ0O1d3",
"links": [
[
"-philic",
"-philic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fil/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick--phile.wav",
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},
{
"homophone": "fil"
},
{
"homophone": "file"
},
{
"homophone": "filent"
},
{
"homophone": "files"
},
{
"homophone": "fils"
},
{
"homophone": "Phil"
}
],
"word": "-phile"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-fil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:-phila<id:loving>",
"id": "loving",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-phila"
},
"expansion": "Latin -phila",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φίλος",
"4": "",
"5": "dear, beloved"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile\nFrom Latin -phila, from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-phile m or f by sense or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-philes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense<qq:referring to people>,m<qq:referring to organisms>"
},
"expansion": "-phile m or f by sense (referring to people) or m (referring to organisms) (noun-forming suffix, plural -philes)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-phobe"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French suffixes with multiple genders",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "French undefined derivations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "haltère (“barbell, weight”) + -phile → haltérophile m or f by sense (“weightlifter”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "extrême (“extreme”) + -phile → extrêmophile m (“extremophile”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-phile"
],
"id": "en--phile-fr-suffix-WqE6U9lP",
"links": [
[
"-phile",
"-phile#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fil/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav.mp3",
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},
{
"homophone": "fil"
},
{
"homophone": "file"
},
{
"homophone": "filent"
},
{
"homophone": "files"
},
{
"homophone": "fils"
},
{
"homophone": "Phil"
}
],
"word": "-phile"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:-phila<id:loving>",
"id": "loving",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nEnglish -phile",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "la",
"3": "-phila"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin -phila",
"name": "lbor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φίλος",
"4": "",
"5": "dear, beloved"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nEnglish -phile\nLearned borrowing from Latin -phila, from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-phille",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "-phil",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "",
"cat4": "",
"head": "",
"id": ""
},
"expansion": "-phile",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-phile",
"name": "en-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-philia"
},
{
"word": "-philiac"
},
{
"word": "-maniac"
},
{
"word": "-mane"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-phobe"
}
],
"categories": [
"English entries with etymology trees",
"English entries with incorrect language header",
"English learned borrowings from Latin",
"English lemmas",
"English productive suffixes",
"English suffixes",
"English terms borrowed from Latin",
"English terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"English terms derived from Latin",
"English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"English terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰil-",
"English terms with usage examples",
"Entries with translation boxes",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees",
"Terms with Bulgarian translations",
"Terms with Catalan translations",
"Terms with Danish translations",
"Terms with Finnish translations",
"Terms with French translations",
"Terms with Galician translations",
"Terms with Georgian translations",
"Terms with German translations",
"Terms with Greek translations",
"Terms with Hungarian translations",
"Terms with Italian translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Bokmål translations",
"Terms with Norwegian Nynorsk translations",
"Terms with Polish translations",
"Terms with Portuguese translations",
"Terms with Romanian translations",
"Terms with Serbo-Croatian translations",
"Terms with Sicilian translations",
"Terms with Spanish translations",
"Terms with Swedish translations",
"Terms with Turkish translations"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
22,
27
]
],
"text": "Scott is such a bibliophile that he won't even put that book down.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Forming nouns and adjectives meaning \"loving\", \"friendly\", or \"friend\"."
],
"senseid": [
"en:loving"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/faɪ̯l/"
}
],
"translations": [
{
"code": "bg",
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"roman": "-fil",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-фил"
},
{
"code": "ca",
"lang": "Catalan",
"lang_code": "ca",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "da",
"lang": "Danish",
"lang_code": "da",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "fi",
"lang": "Finnish",
"lang_code": "fi",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fiili"
},
{
"code": "fr",
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-phile"
},
{
"code": "gl",
"lang": "Galician",
"lang_code": "gl",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "ka",
"lang": "Georgian",
"lang_code": "ka",
"roman": "-pili",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-ფილი"
},
{
"code": "de",
"lang": "German",
"lang_code": "de",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-phil"
},
{
"code": "el",
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"roman": "-filos",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-φιλος"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-barát"
},
{
"code": "hu",
"lang": "Hungarian",
"lang_code": "hu",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-kedvelő"
},
{
"code": "it",
"lang": "Italian",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "nb",
"lang": "Norwegian Bokmål",
"lang_code": "nb",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "nn",
"lang": "Norwegian Nynorsk",
"lang_code": "nn",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "pl",
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "pt",
"lang": "Portuguese",
"lang_code": "pt",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "ro",
"lang": "Romanian",
"lang_code": "ro",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "sh",
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "scn",
"lang": "Sicilian",
"lang_code": "scn",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filu"
},
{
"code": "es",
"lang": "Spanish",
"lang_code": "es",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-filo"
},
{
"code": "sv",
"lang": "Swedish",
"lang_code": "sv",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
},
{
"code": "tr",
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"sense": "Forming nouns and adjectives denoting \"friend\"",
"word": "-fil"
}
],
"word": "-phile"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French countable suffixes",
"French entries with etymology trees",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine suffixes",
"French learned borrowings from Latin",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"French masculine suffixes",
"French noun-forming suffixes",
"French suffixes",
"French suffixes with multiple genders",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰil-",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French undefined derivations",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:-phila<id:loving>",
"id": "loving",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-phila"
},
"expansion": "Latin -phila",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φίλος",
"4": "",
"5": "dear, beloved"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile\nFrom Latin -phila, from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-philes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-phile (adjective-forming suffix, plural -philes)",
"name": "fr-adj"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-phobe"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "anglo- + -phile → anglophile (“Anglophilic”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "techno- + -phile → technophile (“technophilic”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-philic"
],
"links": [
[
"-philic",
"-philic"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fil/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "fil"
},
{
"homophone": "file"
},
{
"homophone": "filent"
},
{
"homophone": "files"
},
{
"homophone": "fils"
},
{
"homophone": "Phil"
}
],
"word": "-phile"
}
{
"categories": [
"French 1-syllable words",
"French adjective-forming suffixes",
"French countable suffixes",
"French entries with etymology trees",
"French entries with incorrect language header",
"French feminine suffixes",
"French learned borrowings from Latin",
"French lemmas",
"French masculine and feminine suffixes by sense",
"French masculine suffixes",
"French noun-forming suffixes",
"French suffixes",
"French suffixes with multiple genders",
"French terms borrowed from Latin",
"French terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"French terms derived from Latin",
"French terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"French terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *bʰil-",
"French terms with IPA pronunciation",
"French terms with homophones",
"French undefined derivations",
"Pages using catfix",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Pages with etymology trees"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Turkish",
"lang_code": "tr",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "-fil"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": ":lbor",
"3": "la:-phila<id:loving>",
"id": "loving",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "la",
"3": "-phila"
},
"expansion": "Latin -phila",
"name": "uder"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "fr",
"2": "grc",
"3": "φίλος",
"4": "",
"5": "dear, beloved"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”)",
"name": "uder"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-\nProto-Indo-European *-os\nProto-Indo-European *bʰil-o-s\nAncient Greek φίλος (phílos)bor.\nLatin -philalbor.\nFrench -phile\nFrom Latin -phila, from Ancient Greek φίλος (phílos, “dear, beloved”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "-phile m or f by sense or",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"masculine"
]
},
{
"form": "-philes",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mfbysense<qq:referring to people>,m<qq:referring to organisms>"
},
"expansion": "-phile m or f by sense (referring to people) or m (referring to organisms) (noun-forming suffix, plural -philes)",
"name": "fr-noun"
}
],
"lang": "French",
"lang_code": "fr",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "-phobe"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "haltère (“barbell, weight”) + -phile → haltérophile m or f by sense (“weightlifter”)",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "extrême (“extreme”) + -phile → extrêmophile m (“extremophile”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-phile"
],
"links": [
[
"-phile",
"-phile#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/fil/"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-LoquaxFR--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/5/52/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-LoquaxFR--phile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Jérémy-Günther-Heinz Jähnick--phile.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/95/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav/LL-Q150_%28fra%29-J%C3%A9r%C3%A9my-G%C3%BCnther-Heinz_J%C3%A4hnick--phile.wav.ogg"
},
{
"homophone": "fil"
},
{
"homophone": "file"
},
{
"homophone": "filent"
},
{
"homophone": "files"
},
{
"homophone": "fils"
},
{
"homophone": "Phil"
}
],
"word": "-phile"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -phile meaning in All languages combined (13.3kB)
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: adjective-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in French: '-phile m or f by sense or', originally '-phile m or f by sense or m'",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1089",
"msg": "suspicious unhandled suffix in French: '-phile m or f by sense or', originally '-phile m or f by sense or m'",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['masculine', 'canonical']: '-phile m or f by sense or' in '-phile m or f by sense (referring to people) or m (referring to organisms) (noun-forming suffix, plural -philes)'",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: referring to people",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: referring to organisms",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1698",
"msg": "unrecognized head form: noun-forming suffix",
"path": [
"-phile"
],
"section": "French",
"subsection": "suffix",
"title": "-phile",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-12-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-12-02 using wiktextract (6fdc867 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.