See -chi on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for -chi meaning in All languages combined (9.6kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cic",
"2": "nai-mus-pro",
"3": "*-či"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Muskogean *-či",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cho",
"2": "-chi"
},
"expansion": "Choctaw -chi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akz",
"2": "-chi"
},
"expansion": "Alabama -chi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cku",
"2": "-chi"
},
"expansion": "Koasati -chi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nai-hit",
"2": "-či"
},
"expansion": "Hitchiti -či",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mik",
"2": "-či"
},
"expansion": "Mikasuki -či",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mus",
"2": "-ce"
},
"expansion": "Creek -ce",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Muskogean *-či. Compare Choctaw -chi, Alabama -chi, Koasati -chi, Hitchiti -či, Mikasuki -či, Creek -ce.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cic",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "particles"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"lang_code": "cic",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chickasaw particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Causative verb suffix; increases the verb valence by one"
],
"id": "en--chi-cic-suffix-cic:causative_verb_suffix",
"links": [
[
"Causative",
"causative#English"
],
[
"valence",
"valence#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"cic:causative verb suffix"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-chichi"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cic",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"lang_code": "cic",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dubitative verb suffix",
"word": "-hchi"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "53 47",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -hchi (dubitative verb suffix)"
],
"id": "en--chi-cic-suffix-NHeRWZTZ",
"links": [
[
"-hchi",
"-hchi#Chickasaw"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cho",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Choctaw",
"lang_code": "cho",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "76 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Choctaw entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "nowali (“I walk”) → nowachili (“I make him walk”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Increases a verbs valency by one"
],
"id": "en--chi-cho-suffix-Z~N5qUdW",
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative"
],
[
"valency",
"valency#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(causative suffix) Increases a verbs valency by one"
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nowachili (“I make him walk”) → nowachilichi (“I'm not sufe if I make him walk”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expresses doubt or uncertainty"
],
"id": "en--chi-cho-suffix-y0oYay05",
"links": [
[
"dubitative",
"dubitative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dubitative suffix) expresses doubt or uncertainty"
],
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "affix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Garo affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 37 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the instrumental case"
],
"id": "en--chi-grt-suffix-9KyZuBVI",
"links": [
[
"instrumental",
"instrumental#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "inflectional suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(inflectional suffix) forms the instrumental case"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "affix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Garo affixes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 37 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"forms the locative case"
],
"id": "en--chi-grt-suffix-PGE2HBJ5",
"links": [
[
"locative",
"locative#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "inflectional suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(inflectional suffix) forms the locative case"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "38 37 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"used to form female Garo names."
],
"id": "en--chi-grt-suffix-622JpZX~",
"related": [
{
"english": "forms genitive",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"english": "forms dative",
"word": "-na"
},
{
"english": "forms comitative",
"word": "-ming"
},
{
"english": "forms locative",
"word": "-no"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ち"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese romanizations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ち"
],
"id": "en--chi-ja-romanization-ALAWX8ss",
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ち",
"ち#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quechua links with redundant target parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant target parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "72 28",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "llamkay (“to work”) → llamkachiy (“to make one work”)"
},
{
"text": "yachay (“to learn”) → yachachiy (“to teach”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derivational suffix, causative. To make someone do something; to let or allow something."
],
"id": "en--chi-qu-suffix-5WbFuF7o",
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "Ancash",
"word": "-tsi"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate a putative or conjectural statement."
],
"id": "en--chi-qu-suffix-ZxbKks5x",
"links": [
[
"putative",
"putative#English"
],
[
"conjectural",
"conjecture#English"
]
],
"related": [
{
"word": "-cha"
},
{
"word": "-chá"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "Cajamarca",
"word": "-shi"
},
{
"alt": "Jauja, Junín",
"word": "-tri"
}
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*-či",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-či",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*-či"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-či",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-či.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "uz-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uzbek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Profession suffix."
],
"id": "en--chi-uz-suffix-0fyqegYV",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pib",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yine",
"lang_code": "pib",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Yine entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"suffix applied to naturally possessed nouns to depossess them; that is, to indicate that they are not, in fact, possessed"
],
"id": "en--chi-pib-suffix-ONcsX5P3",
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
"Chickasaw lemmas",
"Chickasaw particles",
"Chickasaw suffixes",
"Chickasaw terms derived from Proto-Muskogean",
"Chickasaw terms inherited from Proto-Muskogean",
"Chickasaw terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cic",
"2": "nai-mus-pro",
"3": "*-či"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Muskogean *-či",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cho",
"2": "-chi"
},
"expansion": "Choctaw -chi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "akz",
"2": "-chi"
},
"expansion": "Alabama -chi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cku",
"2": "-chi"
},
"expansion": "Koasati -chi",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nai-hit",
"2": "-či"
},
"expansion": "Hitchiti -či",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mik",
"2": "-či"
},
"expansion": "Mikasuki -či",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mus",
"2": "-ce"
},
"expansion": "Creek -ce",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Muskogean *-či. Compare Choctaw -chi, Alabama -chi, Koasati -chi, Hitchiti -či, Mikasuki -či, Creek -ce.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cic",
"2": "suffix",
"cat2": "particles"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"lang_code": "cic",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Causative verb suffix; increases the verb valence by one"
],
"links": [
[
"Causative",
"causative#English"
],
[
"valence",
"valence#English"
]
],
"senseid": [
"cic:causative verb suffix"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "-chichi"
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chickasaw entries with incorrect language header",
"Chickasaw lemmas",
"Chickasaw suffixes",
"Chickasaw terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cic",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chickasaw",
"lang_code": "cic",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "dubitative verb suffix",
"word": "-hchi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of -hchi (dubitative verb suffix)"
],
"links": [
[
"-hchi",
"-hchi#Chickasaw"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/t͡ʃi/"
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Choctaw entries with incorrect language header",
"Choctaw lemmas",
"Choctaw suffixes"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cho",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Choctaw",
"lang_code": "cho",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nowali (“I walk”) → nowachili (“I make him walk”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Increases a verbs valency by one"
],
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative"
],
[
"valency",
"valency#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(causative suffix) Increases a verbs valency by one"
],
"tags": [
"causative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "nowachili (“I make him walk”) → nowachilichi (“I'm not sufe if I make him walk”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"expresses doubt or uncertainty"
],
"links": [
[
"dubitative",
"dubitative"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dubitative suffix) expresses doubt or uncertainty"
],
"tags": [
"dubitative",
"morpheme",
"suffix"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Garo affixes",
"Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"Garo lemmas",
"Garo suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "affix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forms the instrumental case"
],
"links": [
[
"instrumental",
"instrumental#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "inflectional suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(inflectional suffix) forms the instrumental case"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Garo affixes",
"Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"Garo lemmas",
"Garo suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "affix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"forms the locative case"
],
"links": [
[
"locative",
"locative#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "inflectional suffix",
"raw_glosses": [
"(inflectional suffix) forms the locative case"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Garo entries with incorrect language header",
"Garo lemmas",
"Garo suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grt",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Garo",
"lang_code": "grt",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"english": "forms genitive",
"word": "-ni"
},
{
"english": "forms dative",
"word": "-na"
},
{
"english": "forms comitative",
"word": "-ming"
},
{
"english": "forms locative",
"word": "-no"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"used to form female Garo names."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "romanization",
"head": "",
"sc": "Latn"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "romanization",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"word": "ち"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese non-lemma forms",
"Japanese romanizations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Rōmaji transcription of ち"
],
"links": [
[
"Rōmaji",
"romaji"
],
[
"ち",
"ち#Japanese"
]
],
"tags": [
"Rōmaji",
"alt-of",
"romanization"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"Quechua lemmas",
"Quechua suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Quechua links with redundant target parameters"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "llamkay (“to work”) → llamkachiy (“to make one work”)"
},
{
"text": "yachay (“to learn”) → yachachiy (“to teach”)"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Derivational suffix, causative. To make someone do something; to let or allow something."
],
"links": [
[
"causative",
"causative#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "Ancash",
"word": "-tsi"
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"categories": [
"Quechua entries with incorrect language header",
"Quechua lemmas",
"Quechua suffixes"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "qu",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Quechua",
"lang_code": "qu",
"pos": "suffix",
"related": [
{
"word": "-cha"
},
{
"word": "-chá"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Used to indicate a putative or conjectural statement."
],
"links": [
[
"putative",
"putative#English"
],
[
"conjectural",
"conjecture#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"alt": "Cajamarca",
"word": "-shi"
},
{
"alt": "Jauja, Junín",
"word": "-tri"
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*-či",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *-či",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*-či"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-či",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *-či.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "uz-suffix"
}
],
"lang": "Uzbek",
"lang_code": "uz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Uzbek entries with incorrect language header",
"Uzbek lemmas",
"Uzbek suffixes",
"Uzbek terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Uzbek terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Uzbek terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Profession suffix."
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pib",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "-chi",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Yine",
"lang_code": "pib",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Yine entries with incorrect language header",
"Yine lemmas",
"Yine suffixes"
],
"glosses": [
"suffix applied to naturally possessed nouns to depossess them; that is, to indicate that they are not, in fact, possessed"
],
"tags": [
"morpheme"
]
}
],
"word": "-chi"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-26 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (93a6c53 and 21a9316). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.