"-and" meaning in All languages combined

See -and on Wiktionary

Suffix [English]

Etymology: From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-and}} Middle English -and, {{inh|en|ang|-ende}} Old English -ende, {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*-andī}} Proto-West Germanic *-andī, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*-andz|pos=present participle suffix}} Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*-onts}} Proto-Indo-European *-onts Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -and, {{en-suffix}} -and
  1. (now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing. Tags: Scotland, dialectal, morpheme
    Sense id: en--and-en-suffix-rVvxCXnx Categories (other): English links with redundant target parameters, Scottish English, Pages using catfix Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 26 34 40
  2. (rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing. Tags: idiomatic, morpheme, rare
    Sense id: en--and-en-suffix-Dx4~Wxuv Categories (other): English links with redundant target parameters, English entries with incorrect language header, Pages using catfix, Pages with 3 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 29 43 28 Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 26 34 40 Disambiguation of Pages with 3 entries: 21 31 18 14 16 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 19 29 19 16 17
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: -ant, -nd, -on
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [English]

Etymology: From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|-}} Latin Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -and, {{en-suffix}} -and
  1. A suffix forming nouns denoting patients (i.e., recipients of actions), such as compiland. Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -end Synonyms (a patient): -end, -ee, -ed
    Sense id: en--and-en-suffix-HMegnBqU Categories (other): Pages using catfix Disambiguation of Pages using catfix: 26 34 40
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix [Hungarian]

IPA: [ɒnd]
Etymology: From -amod / -emed. Head templates: {{head|hu|suffix}} -and
  1. (instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning. Tags: morpheme, rare
    Sense id: en--and-hu-suffix-hu:instantaneous Categories (other): Hungarian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Hungarian entries with incorrect language header: 48 52
  2. (personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense. Tags: archaic, morpheme, personal, suffix
    Sense id: en--and-hu-suffix-hu:personal Categories (other): Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses, Hungarian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Hungarian entries with incorrect language header: 48 52
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: -andó

Alternative forms

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        "3": "*-onts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-onts",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
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        "cat2": "",
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        "Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
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        "(now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
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    {
      "categories": [
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          "kind": "other",
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      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-en-suffix-Dx4~Wxuv",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
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    },
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      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-nd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-on"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-er"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-or"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-ing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
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        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.",
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        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
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      "expansion": "-and",
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      "expansion": "-and",
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  "lang_code": "en",
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          "_dis": "26 34 40",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages using catfix",
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          "source": "w+disamb"
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      ],
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        "A suffix forming nouns denoting patients (i.e., recipients of actions), such as compiland."
      ],
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          "recipient",
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          "action"
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          "compiland"
        ]
      ],
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          "word": "-end"
        },
        {
          "sense": "a patient",
          "word": "-end"
        },
        {
          "sense": "a patient",
          "word": "-ee"
        },
        {
          "sense": "a patient",
          "word": "-ed"
        }
      ],
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}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-andó"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From -amod / -emed.",
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
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  "pos": "suffix",
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          "_dis": "48 52",
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            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
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        }
      ],
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        {
          "text": "csiklik (“to tickle”) (obsolete) → csikland (“to tickle”) (archaic or literary); compare current csiklandoz"
        }
      ],
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        "Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
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      "links": [
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          "verb",
          "verb#English"
        ],
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          "instantaneous",
          "instantaneous#English"
        ]
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      "raw_glosses": [
        "(instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:instantaneous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
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          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses",
          "parents": [],
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        },
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          "_dis": "48 52",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "fog (“to hold, to catch”) → fogand (“he/she/it will hold or catch”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "áll (“to stand”) → álland (“he/she/it will stand”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-hu-suffix-hu:personal",
      "links": [
        [
          "future tense",
          "future tense#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:personal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme",
        "personal",
        "suffix"
      ]
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  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɒnd]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}
{
  "categories": [
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    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
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  "etymology_number": 1,
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      "name": "inh"
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        "3": "*-onts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-onts",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
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      "args": {
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        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
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      "expansion": "-and",
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        "English links with redundant target parameters",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
      ],
      "links": [
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          "-ing",
          "-ing#English:_participial"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "dialectal",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
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        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
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      "word": "-ant"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nd"
    },
    {
      "word": "-on"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-er"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-or"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-ing"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
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    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "Pages using catfix",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
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        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.",
  "head_templates": [
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        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
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      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
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      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "en-suffix"
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  ],
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  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
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        "A suffix forming nouns denoting patients (i.e., recipients of actions), such as compiland."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "recipient",
          "recipient"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "compiland",
          "compiland"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "a patient",
      "word": "-end"
    },
    {
      "sense": "a patient",
      "word": "-ee"
    },
    {
      "sense": "a patient",
      "word": "-ed"
    },
    {
      "word": "-end"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Hungarian lemmas",
    "Hungarian suffixes",
    "Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 3 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-andó"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From -amod / -emed.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "csiklik (“to tickle”) (obsolete) → csikland (“to tickle”) (archaic or literary); compare current csiklandoz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verb",
          "verb#English"
        ],
        [
          "instantaneous",
          "instantaneous#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "instantaneous suffix",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:instantaneous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "fog (“to hold, to catch”) → fogand (“he/she/it will hold or catch”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "áll (“to stand”) → álland (“he/she/it will stand”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "future tense",
          "future tense#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:personal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme",
        "personal",
        "suffix"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɒnd]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

Download raw JSONL data for -and meaning in All languages combined (5.8kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-10 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (df33d17 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.