"-and" meaning in All languages combined

See -and on Wiktionary

Suffix [English]

Etymology: From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing. Etymology templates: {{inh|en|enm|-and}} Middle English -and, {{m|enm|-end}} -end, {{m|enm|-ant}} -ant, {{m|enm|-nd}} -nd, {{inh|en|ang|-ende}} Old English -ende, {{m|ang|-ande}} -ande, {{m|ang|-end}} -end, {{m|ang|-nd}} -nd, {{inh|en|gmw-pro|*-andī}} Proto-West Germanic *-andī, {{inh|en|gem-pro|*-andz|pos=present participle suffix}} Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), {{inh|en|ine-pro|*-onts}} Proto-Indo-European *-onts, {{l|en|-ing}} -ing Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -and, {{en-suffix}} -and
  1. (now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing. Tags: Scotland, dialectal, morpheme
    Sense id: en--and-en-suffix-rVvxCXnx Categories (other): English links with redundant target parameters, Scottish English, English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 44 37 19
  2. (rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing. Tags: idiomatic, morpheme, rare
    Sense id: en--and-en-suffix-Dx4~Wxuv Categories (other): English links with redundant target parameters, English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 44 37 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: -ant, -nd, -on
Etymology number: 1

Suffix [English]

Etymology: From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end. Etymology templates: {{bor|en|la|-}} Latin, {{m|la|-andus}} -andus, {{m|la|-endus}} -endus, {{l|en|-end}} -end Head templates: {{head|en|suffix|cat2=|cat3=|head=|id=}} -and, {{en-suffix}} -and
  1. A suffix forming nouns denoting patients or recipients of actions, such as compiland. Tags: morpheme Synonyms: -end Synonyms (a patient): -end, -ee, -ed
    Sense id: en--and-en-suffix-duzncPij Categories (other): English entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of English entries with incorrect language header: 44 37 19
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Etymology number: 2

Suffix [Hungarian]

IPA: [ɒnd]
Etymology: From -amod / -emed. Etymology templates: {{m|hu||-amod / -emed}} -amod / -emed Head templates: {{head|hu|suffix}} -and
  1. (instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning. Tags: morpheme, rare
    Sense id: en--and-hu-suffix-hu:instantaneous
  2. (personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense. Tags: archaic, morpheme, personal, suffix
    Sense id: en--and-hu-suffix-hu:personal Categories (other): Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses, Hungarian entries with incorrect language header Disambiguation of Hungarian entries with incorrect language header: 27 73
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: -andó

Alternative forms

Download JSON data for -and meaning in All languages combined (6.7kB)

{
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-and"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -and",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ant"
      },
      "expansion": "-ant",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-nd"
      },
      "expansion": "-nd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-ende"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -ende",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ande"
      },
      "expansion": "-ande",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-nd"
      },
      "expansion": "-nd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-andī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-andī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-andz",
        "pos": "present participle suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-onts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-onts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Scottish English",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 37 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-en-suffix-rVvxCXnx",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "dialectal",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English links with redundant target parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant target parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "44 37 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-en-suffix-Dx4~Wxuv",
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-ant"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-nd"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-on"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-er"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-or"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-ing"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-andus"
      },
      "expansion": "-andus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-endus"
      },
      "expansion": "-endus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "44 37 19",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "English entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix forming nouns denoting patients or recipients of actions, such as compiland."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-en-suffix-duzncPij",
      "links": [
        [
          "patient",
          "patient"
        ],
        [
          "recipient",
          "recipient"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "compiland",
          "compiland"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "-end"
        },
        {
          "sense": "a patient",
          "word": "-end"
        },
        {
          "sense": "a patient",
          "word": "-ee"
        },
        {
          "sense": "a patient",
          "word": "-ed"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "-andó"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-amod / -emed"
      },
      "expansion": "-amod / -emed",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From -amod / -emed.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "csiklik (“to tickle”) (obsolete) → csikland (“to tickle”) (archaic or literary); compare current csiklandoz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-hu-suffix-hu:instantaneous",
      "links": [
        [
          "verb",
          "verb#English"
        ],
        [
          "instantaneous",
          "instantaneous#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "instantaneous suffix",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:instantaneous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 73",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "fog (“to hold, to catch”) → fogand (“he/she/it will hold or catch”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "áll (“to stand”) → álland (“he/she/it will stand”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "id": "en--and-hu-suffix-hu:personal",
      "links": [
        [
          "future tense",
          "future tense#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:personal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme",
        "personal",
        "suffix"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɒnd]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Middle English",
    "English terms derived from Old English",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Middle English",
    "English terms inherited from Old English",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Germanic",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "English terms inherited from Proto-West Germanic"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 1,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "enm",
        "3": "-and"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle English -and",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-ant"
      },
      "expansion": "-ant",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "enm",
        "2": "-nd"
      },
      "expansion": "-nd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ang",
        "3": "-ende"
      },
      "expansion": "Old English -ende",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-ande"
      },
      "expansion": "-ande",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ang",
        "2": "-nd"
      },
      "expansion": "-nd",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gmw-pro",
        "3": "*-andī"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic *-andī",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "gem-pro",
        "3": "*-andz",
        "pos": "present participle suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*-onts"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-onts",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-ing"
      },
      "expansion": "-ing",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle English -and, -end, -ant, -nd, from Old English -ende, -ande, present participle ending of verbs, and -end, -nd, agent ending, both from Proto-West Germanic *-andī, from Proto-Germanic *-andz (present participle suffix), from Proto-Indo-European *-onts. More at -ing.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "English dialectal terms",
        "English links with redundant target parameters",
        "Scottish English"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "livand, nurischand, ravand, snipand, goand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(now chiefly dialectal, Scotland) Used to form the present participle of verbs, equivalent to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Scotland",
        "dialectal",
        "morpheme"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "English links with redundant target parameters",
        "English terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "waniand, blatant, blicant, farrand, flippant, gainand, rampant, trippant, warkand"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "-ing",
          "-ing#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(rare or no longer productive) A suffix of Anglo-Saxon origin forming adjectives from verbs analogous to -ing."
      ],
      "tags": [
        "idiomatic",
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "-ant"
    },
    {
      "word": "-nd"
    },
    {
      "word": "-on"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "antonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-er"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-or"
    },
    {
      "sense": "antonym(s) of “a patient”",
      "word": "-ing"
    }
  ],
  "categories": [
    "English entries with incorrect language header",
    "English lemmas",
    "English suffixes",
    "English terms borrowed from Latin",
    "English terms derived from Latin"
  ],
  "etymology_number": 2,
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Latin",
      "name": "bor"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-andus"
      },
      "expansion": "-andus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "-endus"
      },
      "expansion": "-endus",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "-end"
      },
      "expansion": "-end",
      "name": "l"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Latin gerundive termination -andus, -endus. More at -end.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "suffix",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "head": "",
        "id": ""
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "en-suffix"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "English",
  "lang_code": "en",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "A suffix forming nouns denoting patients or recipients of actions, such as compiland."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "patient",
          "patient"
        ],
        [
          "recipient",
          "recipient"
        ],
        [
          "action",
          "action"
        ],
        [
          "compiland",
          "compiland"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "a patient",
      "word": "-end"
    },
    {
      "sense": "a patient",
      "word": "-ee"
    },
    {
      "sense": "a patient",
      "word": "-ed"
    },
    {
      "word": "-end"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Hungarian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Hungarian lemmas",
    "Hungarian suffixes",
    "Hungarian terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "-andó"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "",
        "3": "-amod / -emed"
      },
      "expansion": "-amod / -emed",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From -amod / -emed.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "hu",
        "2": "suffix"
      },
      "expansion": "-and",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Hungarian",
  "lang_code": "hu",
  "pos": "suffix",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian terms with rare senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "csiklik (“to tickle”) (obsolete) → csikland (“to tickle”) (archaic or literary); compare current csiklandoz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "verb",
          "verb#English"
        ],
        [
          "instantaneous",
          "instantaneous#English"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "instantaneous suffix",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(instantaneous suffix, rare) Added to a stem to form a verb with an instantaneous meaning."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:instantaneous"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "morpheme",
        "rare"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Hungarian suffixes with archaic senses"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "text": "fog (“to hold, to catch”) → fogand (“he/she/it will hold or catch”)"
        },
        {
          "text": "áll (“to stand”) → álland (“he/she/it will stand”)"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "future tense",
          "future tense#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(personal suffix, archaic) Added to a verb to form the future tense."
      ],
      "senseid": [
        "hu:personal"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "archaic",
        "morpheme",
        "personal",
        "suffix"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɒnd]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "-and"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.