"食う" meaning in All languages combined

See 食う on Wiktionary

Verb [Japanese]

IPA: [kɯ̟ᵝː]
Etymology: /kupu/ → */kuwu/ → /kuu/ From Old Japanese. The medial /w/ vanishes because Japanese does not have a /wu/ phoneme. It surfaces though in various conjugations, such as the negative form kuwanai or the passive form kuwareru. Possibly cognate with 口 (kuchi, “mouth”). Etymology templates: {{inh|ja|ojp|-|sort=くう}} Old Japanese, {{m|ja|口||mouth|tr=kuchi}} 口 (kuchi, “mouth”) Head templates: {{ja-verb|くう|hhira=くふ|tr=trans|type=1}} 食(く)う • (kuu) ^(←くふ (kufu)?)transitive godan (stem 食(く)い (kui), past 食(く)った (kutta)) Forms: 食う [canonical] (ruby: ()), kuu [romanization], kufu [romanization], 食い [stem] (ruby: ()), 食った [past] (ruby: ()), no-table-tags [table-tags], 食わ [error-unrecognized-form], くわ [error-unrecognized-form], kuwa [error-unrecognized-form], 食い [error-unrecognized-form], くい [error-unrecognized-form], kui [error-unrecognized-form], 食う [error-unrecognized-form], くう [error-unrecognized-form], kuu [error-unrecognized-form], 食え [error-unrecognized-form], くえ [error-unrecognized-form], kue [error-unrecognized-form], 食われる [passive], くわれる [passive], kuwareru [passive], 食わせる [causative], 食わす [causative], くわせる [causative], くわす [causative], kuwaseru [causative], kuwasu [causative], 食える [potential], くえる [potential], kueru [potential], 食おう [volitional], くおう [volitional], kuō [volitional], 食わない [negative], くわない [negative], kuwanai [negative], 食わず [continuative, negative], くわず [continuative, negative], kuwazu [continuative, negative], 食います [formal], くいます [formal], kuimasu [formal], 食った [perfective], くった [perfective], kutta [perfective], 食って [conjunctive], くって [conjunctive], kutte [conjunctive], 食えば [conditional, hypothetical], くえば [conditional, hypothetical], kueba [conditional, hypothetical]
  1. to put something in one's mouth
    Sense id: en-食う-ja-verb-NY-f4JUd
  2. (men's speech, vulgar) to eat, to devour Tags: vulgar Synonyms (to eat): 食べる (taberu), 食む (hamu), 召し上がる (meshiagaru) [honorific]
    Sense id: en-食う-ja-verb-BiSfbdsm Categories (other): Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese links with manual fragments Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 8 30 13 35 14 Disambiguation of 'to eat': 0 100 0 0 0
  3. to make a living, to live; to survive
    Sense id: en-食う-ja-verb-LPzoRP5l Categories (other): Japanese links with manual fragments Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 8 30 13 35 14
  4. to tease, to taunt, to make light of, to make fun of; to torment Synonyms (to tease, torment): 苛める (ijimeru), からかう (karakau)
    Sense id: en-食う-ja-verb-3FJu5tSy Categories (other): Japanese entries with incorrect language header, Japanese links with manual fragments, Japanese links with redundant alt parameters, Japanese links with redundant wikilinks, Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations, Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys, Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys Disambiguation of Japanese entries with incorrect language header: 7 20 10 54 10 Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 8 30 13 35 14 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant alt parameters: 5 20 21 32 21 Disambiguation of Japanese links with redundant wikilinks: 5 20 21 33 21 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations: 4 19 19 35 23 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 4 21 19 36 20 Disambiguation of Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys: 4 19 20 36 20 Disambiguation of 'to tease, torment': 1 1 5 86 7
  5. to bite, to sting (of an insect, usually used in the passive) Synonyms (insect bite): 刺す (sasu) (ruby: ())
    Sense id: en-食う-ja-verb-mlSAfzYb Categories (other): Japanese links with manual fragments Disambiguation of Japanese links with manual fragments: 8 30 13 35 14 Disambiguation of 'insect bite': 0 0 0 0 100
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: 崩ゆ, 潰ゆ, 壊ゆ: obsolete for 崩える (kuyu), 潰える, 壊える, 崩, 潰 (kue) (english: erosion), 崩える, 潰える, 壊える (kueru) (english: to erode, to be eaten away, to fall apart, to break), (kuwa) (english: a mulberry), 銜う, 啣える, 咥える: obsolete for 銜える (kuwau), 咥える, 加う: obsolete for 加える (kuwau), 銜える, 咥える: to hold in one's mouth (kuwaeru), 加える: to add something (kuwaeru), to increase, develop something, to inflict, 加わる: to increase (kuwawaru), to grow, to be added on to something else, to join in, 蓼食う虫も好き好き: there's no accounting for taste (tade kuu mushi mo sukizuki)

Download JSON data for 食う meaning in All languages combined (10.4kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "崩ゆ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "潰ゆ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuyu",
      "word": "壊ゆ: obsolete for 崩える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "潰える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "壊える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "erosion",
      "roman": "kue",
      "word": "崩, 潰"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to erode, to be eaten away, to fall apart, to break",
      "roman": "kueru",
      "word": "崩える, 潰える, 壊える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "a mulberry",
      "roman": "kuwa",
      "word": "桑"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "銜う"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "啣える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuwau",
      "word": "咥える: obsolete for 銜える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "咥える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuwau",
      "word": "加う: obsolete for 加える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "銜える"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuwaeru",
      "word": "咥える: to hold in one's mouth"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuwaeru",
      "word": "加える: to add something"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "to increase"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "develop something"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "to inflict"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "kuwawaru",
      "word": "加わる: to increase"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "to grow"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "to be added on to something else"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "to join in"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
      "roman": "tade kuu mushi mo sukizuki",
      "word": "蓼食う虫も好き好き: there's no accounting for taste"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "口",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mouth",
        "tr": "kuchi"
      },
      "expansion": "口 (kuchi, “mouth”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/kupu/ → */kuwu/ → /kuu/\nFrom Old Japanese.\nThe medial /w/ vanishes because Japanese does not have a /wu/ phoneme. It surfaces though in various conjugations, such as the negative form kuwanai or the passive form kuwareru.\nPossibly cognate with 口 (kuchi, “mouth”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "食う",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "食",
          "く"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kufu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食い",
      "roman": "kui",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "食",
          "く"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食った",
      "roman": "kutta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "食",
          "く"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-u",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食い",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くい",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食う",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食え",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くえ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食われる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食える",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くえる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kueru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食おう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くおう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食います",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くいます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kutta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kutte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食えば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くえば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kueba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くう",
        "hhira": "くふ",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "食(く)う • (kuu) ^(←くふ (kufu)?)transitive godan (stem 食(く)い (kui), past 食(く)った (kutta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to put something in one's mouth"
      ],
      "id": "en-食う-ja-verb-NY-f4JUd",
      "links": [
        [
          "mouth",
          "mouth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 30 13 35 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Everyone eats food at noon.",
          "roman": "Dare de mo hiru ni wa meshi o kuu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "誰",
              "だれ"
            ],
            [
              "昼",
              "ひる"
            ],
            [
              "飯",
              "めし"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "く"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "誰でも昼には飯を食う。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to eat, to devour"
      ],
      "id": "en-食う-ja-verb-BiSfbdsm",
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "devour",
          "devour"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "men's speech",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(men's speech, vulgar) to eat, to devour"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0",
          "roman": "taberu",
          "sense": "to eat",
          "word": "食べる"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0",
          "roman": "hamu",
          "sense": "to eat",
          "word": "食む"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "0 100 0 0 0",
          "roman": "meshiagaru",
          "sense": "to eat",
          "tags": [
            "honorific"
          ],
          "word": "召し上がる"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "vulgar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 30 13 35 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to make a living, to live; to survive"
      ],
      "id": "en-食う-ja-verb-LPzoRP5l",
      "links": [
        [
          "make a living",
          "make a living"
        ],
        [
          "live",
          "live"
        ],
        [
          "survive",
          "survive"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "7 20 10 54 10",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 30 13 35 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 21 32 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant alt parameters",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 20 21 33 21",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 19 35 23",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 21 19 36 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "4 19 20 36 20",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to tease, to taunt, to make light of, to make fun of; to torment"
      ],
      "id": "en-食う-ja-verb-3FJu5tSy",
      "links": [
        [
          "tease",
          "tease"
        ],
        [
          "taunt",
          "taunt"
        ],
        [
          "make light of",
          "make light of"
        ],
        [
          "make fun of",
          "make fun of"
        ],
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 5 86 7",
          "roman": "ijimeru",
          "sense": "to tease, torment",
          "word": "苛める"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "1 1 5 86 7",
          "roman": "karakau",
          "sense": "to tease, torment",
          "word": "からかう"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "8 30 13 35 14",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Japanese links with manual fragments",
          "parents": [
            "Links with manual fragments",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I got bitten by a mosquito last night.",
          "roman": "Sakuban wa, ka ni kuwareta.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "昨晩",
              "さくばん"
            ],
            [
              "蚊",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "く"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "昨晩は、蚊に食われた。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bite, to sting (of an insect, usually used in the passive)"
      ],
      "id": "en-食う-ja-verb-mlSAfzYb",
      "links": [
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ],
        [
          "sting",
          "sting"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 100",
          "roman": "sasu",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "刺",
              "さ"
            ]
          ],
          "sense": "insect bite",
          "word": "刺す"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くう"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝː]"
    }
  ],
  "word": "食う"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Japanese lemmas",
    "Japanese links with manual fragments",
    "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
    "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
    "Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
    "Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
    "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
    "Japanese terms written with one Han script character",
    "Japanese transitive verbs",
    "Japanese type 1 verbs",
    "Japanese verbs"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "崩ゆ"
    },
    {
      "word": "潰ゆ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuyu",
      "word": "壊ゆ: obsolete for 崩える"
    },
    {
      "word": "潰える"
    },
    {
      "word": "壊える"
    },
    {
      "english": "erosion",
      "roman": "kue",
      "word": "崩, 潰"
    },
    {
      "english": "to erode, to be eaten away, to fall apart, to break",
      "roman": "kueru",
      "word": "崩える, 潰える, 壊える"
    },
    {
      "english": "a mulberry",
      "roman": "kuwa",
      "word": "桑"
    },
    {
      "word": "銜う"
    },
    {
      "word": "啣える"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuwau",
      "word": "咥える: obsolete for 銜える"
    },
    {
      "word": "咥える"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuwau",
      "word": "加う: obsolete for 加える"
    },
    {
      "word": "銜える"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuwaeru",
      "word": "咥える: to hold in one's mouth"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuwaeru",
      "word": "加える: to add something"
    },
    {
      "word": "to increase"
    },
    {
      "word": "develop something"
    },
    {
      "word": "to inflict"
    },
    {
      "roman": "kuwawaru",
      "word": "加わる: to increase"
    },
    {
      "word": "to grow"
    },
    {
      "word": "to be added on to something else"
    },
    {
      "word": "to join in"
    },
    {
      "roman": "tade kuu mushi mo sukizuki",
      "word": "蓼食う虫も好き好き: there's no accounting for taste"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "ojp",
        "3": "-",
        "sort": "くう"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Japanese",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ja",
        "2": "口",
        "3": "",
        "4": "mouth",
        "tr": "kuchi"
      },
      "expansion": "口 (kuchi, “mouth”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "/kupu/ → */kuwu/ → /kuu/\nFrom Old Japanese.\nThe medial /w/ vanishes because Japanese does not have a /wu/ phoneme. It surfaces though in various conjugations, such as the negative form kuwanai or the passive form kuwareru.\nPossibly cognate with 口 (kuchi, “mouth”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "食う",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "食",
          "く"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kufu",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食い",
      "roman": "kui",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "食",
          "く"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "stem"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食った",
      "roman": "kutta",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "食",
          "く"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ja-go-u",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwa",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食い",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くい",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kui",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食う",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食え",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くえ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kue",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "error-unrecognized-form"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食われる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわれる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwareru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "passive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわせる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわす",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwaseru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "causative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食える",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くえる",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kueru",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "potential"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食おう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くおう",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuō",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "volitional"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわない",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwanai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食わず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くわず",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuwazu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "continuative",
        "negative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食います",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くいます",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kuimasu",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "formal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食った",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くった",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kutta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食って",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くって",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kutte",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "食えば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "くえば",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kueba",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "conditional",
        "hypothetical"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "くう",
        "hhira": "くふ",
        "tr": "trans",
        "type": "1"
      },
      "expansion": "食(く)う • (kuu) ^(←くふ (kufu)?)transitive godan (stem 食(く)い (kui), past 食(く)った (kutta))",
      "name": "ja-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to put something in one's mouth"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "mouth",
          "mouth"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese men's speech terms",
        "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Japanese terms with usage examples",
        "Japanese vulgarities"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Everyone eats food at noon.",
          "roman": "Dare de mo hiru ni wa meshi o kuu.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "誰",
              "だれ"
            ],
            [
              "昼",
              "ひる"
            ],
            [
              "飯",
              "めし"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "く"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "誰でも昼には飯を食う。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to eat, to devour"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "eat",
          "eat"
        ],
        [
          "devour",
          "devour"
        ]
      ],
      "qualifier": "men's speech",
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(men's speech, vulgar) to eat, to devour"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "vulgar"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to make a living, to live; to survive"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "make a living",
          "make a living"
        ],
        [
          "live",
          "live"
        ],
        [
          "survive",
          "survive"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to tease, to taunt, to make light of, to make fun of; to torment"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "tease",
          "tease"
        ],
        [
          "taunt",
          "taunt"
        ],
        [
          "make light of",
          "make light of"
        ],
        [
          "make fun of",
          "make fun of"
        ],
        [
          "torment",
          "torment"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Japanese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I got bitten by a mosquito last night.",
          "roman": "Sakuban wa, ka ni kuwareta.",
          "ruby": [
            [
              "昨晩",
              "さくばん"
            ],
            [
              "蚊",
              "か"
            ],
            [
              "食",
              "く"
            ]
          ],
          "text": "昨晩は、蚊に食われた。"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to bite, to sting (of an insect, usually used in the passive)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "bite",
          "bite"
        ],
        [
          "sting",
          "sting"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "くう"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝː]"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "taberu",
      "sense": "to eat",
      "word": "食べる"
    },
    {
      "roman": "hamu",
      "sense": "to eat",
      "word": "食む"
    },
    {
      "roman": "meshiagaru",
      "sense": "to eat",
      "tags": [
        "honorific"
      ],
      "word": "召し上がる"
    },
    {
      "roman": "ijimeru",
      "sense": "to tease, torment",
      "word": "苛める"
    },
    {
      "roman": "karakau",
      "sense": "to tease, torment",
      "word": "からかう"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sasu",
      "ruby": [
        [
          "刺",
          "さ"
        ]
      ],
      "sense": "insect bite",
      "word": "刺す"
    }
  ],
  "word": "食う"
}
{
  "called_from": "parser/304",
  "msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}

{
  "called_from": "parser/1336",
  "msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "inflection/735",
  "msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
  "path": [
    "食う"
  ],
  "section": "Japanese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "食う",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.