See 難堪 on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "难堪",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "難堪",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be hard to take; to be difficult to endure"
],
"id": "en-難堪-zh-verb-K-3iWHFQ",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"endure",
"endure"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄎㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "nan²-kʻan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nán-kān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nankan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нанькань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nanʹkanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nàahn hām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "nan⁴ hem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lanqafm"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nan khom"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "難堪"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "难堪",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "難堪",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"intolerable; unbearable"
],
"id": "en-難堪-zh-adj-o0JqfIqb",
"links": [
[
"intolerable",
"intolerable"
],
[
"unbearable",
"unbearable"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 34 27 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 56 20 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 57 20 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"embarrassing"
],
"id": "en-難堪-zh-adj-SFtX4hOH",
"links": [
[
"embarrassing",
"embarrassing"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "gāngà",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "尷尬"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "gāngà",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "尴尬"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "lángbèi",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "狼狽"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "lángbèi",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "狼狈"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "wéinán",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "為難"
},
{
"_dis1": "1 93 7",
"roman": "wéinán",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "为难"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 30 70 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "zh:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"embarrassed"
],
"id": "en-難堪-zh-adj-8S4a7cRd",
"links": [
[
"embarrassed",
"embarrassed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄎㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "nan²-kʻan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nán-kān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nankan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нанькань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nanʹkanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nàahn hām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "nan⁴ hem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lanqafm"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nan khom"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "難堪"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "nan'gam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "난감",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "난감"
},
"expansion": "難堪 • (nan'gam) (hangeul 난감)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "난감"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 난감"
],
"id": "en-難堪-ko-noun-BLhAiGi1",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"난감",
"난감#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "難堪"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 堪",
"Chinese terms spelled with 難",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "难堪",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "難堪",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to be hard to take; to be difficult to endure"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"take",
"take"
],
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
],
[
"endure",
"endure"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄎㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "nan²-kʻan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nán-kān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nankan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нанькань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nanʹkanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nàahn hām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "nan⁴ hem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lanqafm"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nan khom"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "難堪"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms spelled with 堪",
"Chinese terms spelled with 難",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Middle Chinese adjectives",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese verbs",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Emotions"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "难堪",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adjective"
},
"expansion": "難堪",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"intolerable; unbearable"
],
"links": [
[
"intolerable",
"intolerable"
],
[
"unbearable",
"unbearable"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"embarrassing"
],
"links": [
[
"embarrassing",
"embarrassing"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"embarrassed"
],
"links": [
[
"embarrassed",
"embarrassed"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄋㄢˊ ㄎㄢ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "nánkan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "nan²-kʻan¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nán-kān"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "nankan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "нанькань"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "nanʹkanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "nàahn hām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "naan⁴ ham¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "nan⁴ hem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lân-kham"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "lanqafm"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "nan khom"
},
{
"ipa": "/nän³⁵ kʰän⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/naːn²¹ hɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻²² kʰam³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan¹³⁻²² kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²⁴⁻¹¹ kʰam⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lan²³⁻³³ kʰam⁴⁴/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "gāngà",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "尷尬"
},
{
"roman": "gāngà",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "尴尬"
},
{
"roman": "kùnjiǒng",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "困窘"
},
{
"roman": "lángbèi",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "狼狽"
},
{
"roman": "lángbèi",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "狼狈"
},
{
"roman": "wéinán",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "為難"
},
{
"roman": "wéinán",
"sense": "embarrassing",
"word": "为难"
}
],
"word": "難堪"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "nan'gam",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "난감",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "난감"
},
"expansion": "難堪 • (nan'gam) (hangeul 난감)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "난감"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 난감"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"난감",
"난감#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "難堪"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 難堪 meaning in All languages combined (6.6kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"難堪"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "難堪",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"難堪"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "難堪",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"難堪"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "難堪",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"難堪"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "難堪",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.