See 鋼 on Wiktionary
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"鋼 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金月廿山 (CBTU), four-corner 8712₀, composition ⿰釒岡)"
],
"id": "en-鋼-mul-character-UnWl1L3N",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"釒",
"釒#Translingual"
],
[
"岡",
"岡#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bua",
"2": "ган",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Buryat: ган (gan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Buryat: ган (gan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "ган",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mongolian: ган (gan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mongolian: ган (gan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡬᠠᠨ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Manchu: ᡬᠠᠨ (g'an)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Manchu: ᡬᠠᠨ (g'an)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥐᥣᥒ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tai Nüa: ᥐᥣᥒ (kaang)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tai Nüa: ᥐᥣᥒ (kaang)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*t-kaːŋ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Vietic: *t-kaːŋ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Old Chinese"
},
"expansion": "(via Old Chinese)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Vietic: *t-kaːŋ (via Old Chinese)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-mvi"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Vietnamese:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "gang"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese: gang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vietnamese: gang"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金",
"2": "岡",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc",
"t1": "metal"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "剛",
"2": "hard, firm, stiff"
},
"expansion": "剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "固",
"2": "firm, solid, hard"
},
"expansion": "固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)"
},
"expansion": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*t-kaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).\nAlong with 剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”), derived from the terminative of 固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”), literally \"having become solid, hard\" (Schuessler, 2007).\nFor the identity of the unknown preinitial *C reconstructed by Baxter & Sagart (2014), compare the pre-syllable *t- of Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ, its reflex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "钢",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鎠"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "鋼",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùxiùgāng",
"word": "不鏽鋼"
},
{
"roman": "bùxiùgāng",
"word": "不锈钢"
},
{
"word": "不鏽鋼板"
},
{
"word": "不锈钢板"
},
{
"word": "中碳鋼"
},
{
"word": "中碳钢"
},
{
"word": "九煉成鋼"
},
{
"word": "九炼成钢"
},
{
"word": "冷軋鋼板"
},
{
"word": "冷轧钢板"
},
{
"word": "合金鋼"
},
{
"word": "合金钢"
},
{
"word": "吊鋼絲"
},
{
"word": "吊钢丝"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法煉鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法炼钢"
},
{
"word": "型鋼"
},
{
"word": "型钢"
},
{
"word": "塑鋼"
},
{
"word": "塑钢"
},
{
"word": "小鋼炮"
},
{
"word": "小钢炮"
},
{
"word": "小鋼珠"
},
{
"word": "小钢珠"
},
{
"roman": "gōngjùgāng",
"word": "工具鋼"
},
{
"roman": "gōngjùgāng",
"word": "工具钢"
},
{
"roman": "gōngzìgāng",
"word": "工字鋼"
},
{
"roman": "gōngzìgāng",
"word": "工字钢"
},
{
"roman": "tánhuánggāng",
"word": "彈簧鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tánhuánggāng",
"word": "弹簧钢"
},
{
"word": "斬鋼截鐵"
},
{
"word": "斩钢截铁"
},
{
"roman": "cáogāng",
"word": "槽鋼"
},
{
"roman": "cáogāng",
"word": "槽钢"
},
{
"word": "殷鋼"
},
{
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "煉鋼"
},
{
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "炼钢"
},
{
"word": "煉鋼廠"
},
{
"word": "炼钢厂"
},
{
"word": "特種鋼"
},
{
"word": "特种钢"
},
{
"word": "玻璃鋼"
},
{
"word": "玻璃钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊之鋼"
},
{
"word": "百炼之钢"
},
{
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百鍊成鋼"
},
{
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百炼成钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊鋼"
},
{
"word": "百炼钢"
},
{
"word": "矽鋼"
},
{
"word": "矽钢"
},
{
"word": "硬鋼"
},
{
"word": "硬钢"
},
{
"roman": "pénggāng",
"word": "硼鋼"
},
{
"roman": "pénggāng",
"word": "硼钢"
},
{
"word": "碳素鋼"
},
{
"word": "碳素钢"
},
{
"word": "磁鋼"
},
{
"word": "磁钢"
},
{
"roman": "tàngāng",
"word": "碳鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tàngāng",
"word": "碳钢"
},
{
"word": "角鋼"
},
{
"word": "角钢"
},
{
"word": "謄寫鋼版"
},
{
"word": "誊写钢版"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu gāngsī",
"word": "走鋼絲"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu gāngsī",
"word": "走钢丝"
},
{
"word": "軋鋼"
},
{
"word": "轧钢"
},
{
"word": "軋鋼機"
},
{
"word": "轧钢机"
},
{
"roman": "mùgāng",
"word": "鉬鋼"
},
{
"roman": "mùgāng",
"word": "钼钢"
},
{
"word": "鉻鋼"
},
{
"word": "铬钢"
},
{
"word": "銦鋼"
},
{
"word": "铟钢"
},
{
"roman": "gāngdāo",
"word": "鋼刀"
},
{
"roman": "gāngdāo",
"word": "钢刀"
},
{
"word": "鋼剪"
},
{
"word": "钢剪"
},
{
"roman": "gānghuà bōli",
"word": "鋼化玻璃"
},
{
"roman": "gānghuà bōli",
"word": "钢化玻璃"
},
{
"roman": "gāngxié",
"word": "鋼協"
},
{
"roman": "gāngxié",
"word": "钢协"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyìn",
"word": "鋼印"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyìn",
"word": "钢印"
},
{
"word": "鋼叉"
},
{
"word": "钢叉"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngchéng",
"word": "鋼城"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngchéng",
"word": "钢城"
},
{
"word": "鋼婚"
},
{
"word": "钢婚"
},
{
"word": "鋼尺"
},
{
"word": "钢尺"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngshān",
"word": "鋼山"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngshān",
"word": "钢山"
},
{
"word": "鋼彈"
},
{
"word": "钢弹"
},
{
"roman": "gāngcái",
"word": "鋼材"
},
{
"roman": "gāngcái",
"word": "钢材"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǎn",
"word": "鋼板"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǎn",
"word": "钢板"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjià",
"word": "鋼架"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjià",
"word": "钢架"
},
{
"word": "鋼條"
},
{
"word": "钢条"
},
{
"roman": "gāngshuǐ",
"word": "鋼水"
},
{
"roman": "gāngshuǐ",
"word": "钢水"
},
{
"roman": "gāngpiànqín",
"word": "鋼片琴"
},
{
"roman": "gāngpiànqín",
"word": "钢片琴"
},
{
"word": "鋼版"
},
{
"word": "钢版"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyá",
"word": "鋼牙"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyá",
"word": "钢牙"
},
{
"word": "鋼珠"
},
{
"word": "钢珠"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqín",
"word": "鋼琴"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqín",
"word": "钢琴"
},
{
"word": "鋼琴酒吧"
},
{
"word": "钢琴酒吧"
},
{
"roman": "gāngkuī",
"word": "鋼盔"
},
{
"roman": "gāngkuī",
"word": "钢盔"
},
{
"word": "鋼砂"
},
{
"word": "钢砂"
},
{
"word": "鋼砧"
},
{
"word": "钢砧"
},
{
"word": "鋼種"
},
{
"word": "钢种"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǐ",
"word": "鋼筆"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǐ",
"word": "钢笔"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjīn",
"word": "鋼筋"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjīn",
"word": "钢筋"
},
{
"word": "鋼筆畫"
},
{
"word": "钢笔画"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǎn",
"word": "鋼管"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǎn",
"word": "钢管"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsuǒ",
"word": "鋼索"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsuǒ",
"word": "钢索"
},
{
"word": "鋼紙"
},
{
"word": "钢纸"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsī",
"word": "鋼絲"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsī",
"word": "钢丝"
},
{
"word": "鋼絲刷"
},
{
"word": "钢丝刷"
},
{
"word": "鋼絲鋸"
},
{
"word": "钢丝锯"
},
{
"word": "鋼纜"
},
{
"word": "钢缆"
},
{
"word": "鋼胚"
},
{
"word": "钢胚"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǐ",
"word": "鋼軌"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǐ",
"word": "钢轨"
},
{
"word": "錳鋼"
},
{
"word": "锰钢"
},
{
"word": "鋼錠"
},
{
"word": "钢锭"
},
{
"roman": "gāngtiě",
"word": "鋼鐵"
},
{
"roman": "gāngtiě",
"word": "钢铁"
},
{
"word": "鋼鐵工業"
},
{
"word": "钢铁工业"
},
{
"word": "鋼鑿"
},
{
"word": "钢凿"
},
{
"word": "鋼骨"
},
{
"word": "钢骨"
},
{
"word": "鋼骨水泥"
},
{
"word": "钢骨水泥"
},
{
"word": "鍍鉻鋼"
},
{
"word": "镀铬钢"
},
{
"word": "鎢鋼"
},
{
"word": "钨钢"
},
{
"word": "鎳鋼"
},
{
"word": "镍钢"
},
{
"word": "鑄鋼"
},
{
"word": "铸钢"
},
{
"word": "高碳鋼"
},
{
"word": "高碳钢"
},
{
"word": "高速鋼"
},
{
"word": "高速钢"
},
{
"word": "點鋼槍"
},
{
"word": "点钢枪"
},
{
"word": "點鋼鍬"
},
{
"word": "点钢锹"
}
],
"glosses": [
"steel"
],
"id": "en-鋼-zh-character-uGJi-byJ",
"links": [
[
"steel",
"steel"
]
],
"related": [
{
"english": "iron",
"roman": "tiě",
"word": "鐵"
},
{
"english": "iron",
"roman": "tiě",
"word": "铁"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄤ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gong⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gáung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "geng³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹kaon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ган"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gong⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gáung"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑuŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kngx"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "koxng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kṳ̀ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɯŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹kaon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "kaon^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹kaan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/kɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kangH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.kˤaŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*klaːŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*klaːŋs/"
},
{
"other": "/ kòng /"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑuŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɯŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.kˤaŋ/"
},
{
"other": "/*klaːŋ/"
},
{
"other": "/*klaːŋs/"
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "鋼刀布"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "钢刀布"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金",
"2": "岡",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc",
"t1": "metal"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "剛",
"2": "hard, firm, stiff"
},
"expansion": "剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "固",
"2": "firm, solid, hard"
},
"expansion": "固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)"
},
"expansion": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*t-kaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).\nAlong with 剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”), derived from the terminative of 固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”), literally \"having become solid, hard\" (Schuessler, 2007).\nFor the identity of the unknown preinitial *C reconstructed by Baxter & Sagart (2014), compare the pre-syllable *t- of Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ, its reflex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "钢",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鎠"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "鋼",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hard; strong; tough"
],
"id": "en-鋼-zh-character-BtRwuxf5",
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 16 84",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Eastern Min hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 30 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Elementary Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 2 98",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Chinese hanzi",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to sharpen; to whet; to strop"
],
"id": "en-鋼-zh-character-ZmxIzEqK",
"links": [
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
],
[
"whet",
"whet"
],
[
"strop",
"strop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄤˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ganq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ган"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/"
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sixth grade kyōiku kanji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese jōyō kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kyōiku kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese sixth grade kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"id": "en-鋼-ja-character-47DEQpj8",
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刃",
"3": "金",
"sort": "はがね",
"t1": "blade",
"t2": "metal",
"tr1": "ha",
"tr2": "kane"
},
"expansion": "刃 (ha, “blade”) + 金 (kane, “metal”)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "刃 (ha, “blade”) + 金 (kane, “metal”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鋼",
"ruby": [
[
"鋼",
"はがね"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hagane",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "はがね"
},
"expansion": "鋼(はがね) • (hagane)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 28 0 47 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 5 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 8 21 0 60 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Alloys",
"orig": "ja:Alloys",
"parents": [
"Metals",
"Matter",
"Metallurgy",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Technology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hard as steel.",
"roman": "Hagane no yō ni katai.",
"ruby": [
[
"鋼",
"はがね"
],
[
"硬",
"かた"
]
],
"text": "鋼のように硬い。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"steel (metal produced from iron)"
],
"id": "en-鋼-ja-noun-B1a3DdXh",
"links": [
[
"steel",
"steel"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kōtetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"鋼",
"こう"
],
[
"鉄",
"てつ"
]
],
"word": "鋼鉄"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "はがね"
},
{
"ipa": "[ha̠ɡa̠ne̞]"
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"alt": "鋼鐵",
"english": "steel",
"roman": "gangcheol",
"word": "강철"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "강철",
"roman": "gangcheol/gutsel gang",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
},
{
"form": "굳셀 강",
"roman": "gangcheol/gutsel gang",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "강철/굳셀",
"2": "강"
},
"expansion": "鋼 (eumhun 강철/굳셀 강 (gangcheol/gutsel gang))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean hanja",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "steel",
"word": "강"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 강 (“steel”)"
],
"id": "en-鋼-ko-character-m4hhoYl8",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"강",
"강#Korean"
],
[
"steel",
"steel"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean hanja",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "hard; strong",
"word": "강"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 강 (“hard; strong”)"
],
"id": "en-鋼-ko-character-Rx6Bbubs",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"강",
"강#Korean"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cương",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "gang",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "cang",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"id": "en-鋼-vi-character-47DEQpj8",
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 鋼",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min hanzi",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "bùxiùgāng",
"word": "不鏽鋼"
},
{
"roman": "bùxiùgāng",
"word": "不锈钢"
},
{
"word": "不鏽鋼板"
},
{
"word": "不锈钢板"
},
{
"word": "中碳鋼"
},
{
"word": "中碳钢"
},
{
"word": "九煉成鋼"
},
{
"word": "九炼成钢"
},
{
"word": "冷軋鋼板"
},
{
"word": "冷轧钢板"
},
{
"word": "合金鋼"
},
{
"word": "合金钢"
},
{
"word": "吊鋼絲"
},
{
"word": "吊钢丝"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法煉鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tǔfǎ liàngāng",
"word": "土法炼钢"
},
{
"word": "型鋼"
},
{
"word": "型钢"
},
{
"word": "塑鋼"
},
{
"word": "塑钢"
},
{
"word": "小鋼炮"
},
{
"word": "小钢炮"
},
{
"word": "小鋼珠"
},
{
"word": "小钢珠"
},
{
"roman": "gōngjùgāng",
"word": "工具鋼"
},
{
"roman": "gōngjùgāng",
"word": "工具钢"
},
{
"roman": "gōngzìgāng",
"word": "工字鋼"
},
{
"roman": "gōngzìgāng",
"word": "工字钢"
},
{
"roman": "tánhuánggāng",
"word": "彈簧鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tánhuánggāng",
"word": "弹簧钢"
},
{
"word": "斬鋼截鐵"
},
{
"word": "斩钢截铁"
},
{
"roman": "cáogāng",
"word": "槽鋼"
},
{
"roman": "cáogāng",
"word": "槽钢"
},
{
"word": "殷鋼"
},
{
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "煉鋼"
},
{
"roman": "liàngāng",
"word": "炼钢"
},
{
"word": "煉鋼廠"
},
{
"word": "炼钢厂"
},
{
"word": "特種鋼"
},
{
"word": "特种钢"
},
{
"word": "玻璃鋼"
},
{
"word": "玻璃钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊之鋼"
},
{
"word": "百炼之钢"
},
{
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百鍊成鋼"
},
{
"roman": "bǎiliànchénggāng",
"word": "百炼成钢"
},
{
"word": "百鍊鋼"
},
{
"word": "百炼钢"
},
{
"word": "矽鋼"
},
{
"word": "矽钢"
},
{
"word": "硬鋼"
},
{
"word": "硬钢"
},
{
"roman": "pénggāng",
"word": "硼鋼"
},
{
"roman": "pénggāng",
"word": "硼钢"
},
{
"word": "碳素鋼"
},
{
"word": "碳素钢"
},
{
"word": "磁鋼"
},
{
"word": "磁钢"
},
{
"roman": "tàngāng",
"word": "碳鋼"
},
{
"roman": "tàngāng",
"word": "碳钢"
},
{
"word": "角鋼"
},
{
"word": "角钢"
},
{
"word": "謄寫鋼版"
},
{
"word": "誊写钢版"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu gāngsī",
"word": "走鋼絲"
},
{
"roman": "zǒu gāngsī",
"word": "走钢丝"
},
{
"word": "軋鋼"
},
{
"word": "轧钢"
},
{
"word": "軋鋼機"
},
{
"word": "轧钢机"
},
{
"roman": "mùgāng",
"word": "鉬鋼"
},
{
"roman": "mùgāng",
"word": "钼钢"
},
{
"word": "鉻鋼"
},
{
"word": "铬钢"
},
{
"word": "銦鋼"
},
{
"word": "铟钢"
},
{
"roman": "gāngdāo",
"word": "鋼刀"
},
{
"roman": "gāngdāo",
"word": "钢刀"
},
{
"word": "鋼剪"
},
{
"word": "钢剪"
},
{
"roman": "gānghuà bōli",
"word": "鋼化玻璃"
},
{
"roman": "gānghuà bōli",
"word": "钢化玻璃"
},
{
"roman": "gāngxié",
"word": "鋼協"
},
{
"roman": "gāngxié",
"word": "钢协"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyìn",
"word": "鋼印"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyìn",
"word": "钢印"
},
{
"word": "鋼叉"
},
{
"word": "钢叉"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngchéng",
"word": "鋼城"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngchéng",
"word": "钢城"
},
{
"word": "鋼婚"
},
{
"word": "钢婚"
},
{
"word": "鋼尺"
},
{
"word": "钢尺"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngshān",
"word": "鋼山"
},
{
"roman": "Gāngshān",
"word": "钢山"
},
{
"word": "鋼彈"
},
{
"word": "钢弹"
},
{
"roman": "gāngcái",
"word": "鋼材"
},
{
"roman": "gāngcái",
"word": "钢材"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǎn",
"word": "鋼板"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǎn",
"word": "钢板"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjià",
"word": "鋼架"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjià",
"word": "钢架"
},
{
"word": "鋼條"
},
{
"word": "钢条"
},
{
"roman": "gāngshuǐ",
"word": "鋼水"
},
{
"roman": "gāngshuǐ",
"word": "钢水"
},
{
"roman": "gāngpiànqín",
"word": "鋼片琴"
},
{
"roman": "gāngpiànqín",
"word": "钢片琴"
},
{
"word": "鋼版"
},
{
"word": "钢版"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyá",
"word": "鋼牙"
},
{
"roman": "gāngyá",
"word": "钢牙"
},
{
"word": "鋼珠"
},
{
"word": "钢珠"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqín",
"word": "鋼琴"
},
{
"roman": "gāngqín",
"word": "钢琴"
},
{
"word": "鋼琴酒吧"
},
{
"word": "钢琴酒吧"
},
{
"roman": "gāngkuī",
"word": "鋼盔"
},
{
"roman": "gāngkuī",
"word": "钢盔"
},
{
"word": "鋼砂"
},
{
"word": "钢砂"
},
{
"word": "鋼砧"
},
{
"word": "钢砧"
},
{
"word": "鋼種"
},
{
"word": "钢种"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǐ",
"word": "鋼筆"
},
{
"roman": "gāngbǐ",
"word": "钢笔"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjīn",
"word": "鋼筋"
},
{
"roman": "gāngjīn",
"word": "钢筋"
},
{
"word": "鋼筆畫"
},
{
"word": "钢笔画"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǎn",
"word": "鋼管"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǎn",
"word": "钢管"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsuǒ",
"word": "鋼索"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsuǒ",
"word": "钢索"
},
{
"word": "鋼紙"
},
{
"word": "钢纸"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsī",
"word": "鋼絲"
},
{
"roman": "gāngsī",
"word": "钢丝"
},
{
"word": "鋼絲刷"
},
{
"word": "钢丝刷"
},
{
"word": "鋼絲鋸"
},
{
"word": "钢丝锯"
},
{
"word": "鋼纜"
},
{
"word": "钢缆"
},
{
"word": "鋼胚"
},
{
"word": "钢胚"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǐ",
"word": "鋼軌"
},
{
"roman": "gāngguǐ",
"word": "钢轨"
},
{
"word": "錳鋼"
},
{
"word": "锰钢"
},
{
"word": "鋼錠"
},
{
"word": "钢锭"
},
{
"roman": "gāngtiě",
"word": "鋼鐵"
},
{
"roman": "gāngtiě",
"word": "钢铁"
},
{
"word": "鋼鐵工業"
},
{
"word": "钢铁工业"
},
{
"word": "鋼鑿"
},
{
"word": "钢凿"
},
{
"word": "鋼骨"
},
{
"word": "钢骨"
},
{
"word": "鋼骨水泥"
},
{
"word": "钢骨水泥"
},
{
"word": "鍍鉻鋼"
},
{
"word": "镀铬钢"
},
{
"word": "鎢鋼"
},
{
"word": "钨钢"
},
{
"word": "鎳鋼"
},
{
"word": "镍钢"
},
{
"word": "鑄鋼"
},
{
"word": "铸钢"
},
{
"word": "高碳鋼"
},
{
"word": "高碳钢"
},
{
"word": "高速鋼"
},
{
"word": "高速钢"
},
{
"word": "點鋼槍"
},
{
"word": "点钢枪"
},
{
"word": "點鋼鍬"
},
{
"word": "点钢锹"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "bua",
"2": "ган",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Buryat: ган (gan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Buryat: ган (gan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mn",
"2": "ган",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Mongolian: ган (gan)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Mongolian: ган (gan)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mnc",
"2": "ᡬᠠᠨ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Manchu: ᡬᠠᠨ (g'an)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Manchu: ᡬᠠᠨ (g'an)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥐᥣᥒ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Tai Nüa: ᥐᥣᥒ (kaang)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Tai Nüa: ᥐᥣᥒ (kaang)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*t-kaːŋ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Vietic: *t-kaːŋ",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "via Old Chinese"
},
"expansion": "(via Old Chinese)",
"name": "q"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Vietic: *t-kaːŋ (via Old Chinese)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-mvi"
},
"expansion": "Middle Vietnamese:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Vietnamese:"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "gang"
},
"expansion": "Vietnamese: gang",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Vietnamese: gang"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金",
"2": "岡",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc",
"t1": "metal"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "剛",
"2": "hard, firm, stiff"
},
"expansion": "剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "固",
"2": "firm, solid, hard"
},
"expansion": "固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)"
},
"expansion": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*t-kaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).\nAlong with 剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”), derived from the terminative of 固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”), literally \"having become solid, hard\" (Schuessler, 2007).\nFor the identity of the unknown preinitial *C reconstructed by Baxter & Sagart (2014), compare the pre-syllable *t- of Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ, its reflex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "钢",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鎠"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "鋼",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"related": [
{
"english": "iron",
"roman": "tiě",
"word": "鐵"
},
{
"english": "iron",
"roman": "tiě",
"word": "铁"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"steel"
],
"links": [
[
"steel",
"steel"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄤ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"PFS",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Guangdong",
"Hakka",
"Meixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gong⁴"
},
{
"zh-pron": "gáung"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "geng³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "¹kaon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kang¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gāng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ган"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gōng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "gong¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "gong⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "gáung"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑuŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kǹg"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kngx"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kòng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "koxng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kofng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "kṳ̀ng"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɯŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹kaon"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "kaon^平"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "¹kaan"
},
{
"tags": [
"Northern",
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/kɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kang"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "kangH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*C.kˤaŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*klaːŋ/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*klaːŋs/"
},
{
"other": "/ kòng /"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/koŋ⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑuŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kŋ̍⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔŋ⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɯŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑ̃⁵³/"
},
{
"other": "/*C.kˤaŋ/"
},
{
"other": "/*klaːŋ/"
},
{
"other": "/*klaːŋs/"
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adjectives",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese hanzi",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 鋼",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min hanzi",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min nouns",
"Elementary Mandarin",
"Middle Chinese hanzi",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Middle Chinese nouns",
"Old Chinese hanzi",
"Old Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese nouns",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "鋼刀布"
},
{
"word": "钢刀布"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "金",
"2": "岡",
"c1": "s",
"c2": "p",
"ls": "psc",
"t1": "metal"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ)",
"name": "Han compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "剛",
"2": "hard, firm, stiff"
},
"expansion": "剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "固",
"2": "firm, solid, hard"
},
"expansion": "固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”)",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Schuessler, 2007"
},
"expansion": "Schuessler, 2007",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)"
},
"expansion": "Baxter & Sagart (2014)",
"name": "zh-ref"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mkh-vie-pro",
"2": "*t-kaːŋ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *klaːŋ, *klaːŋs): semantic 金 (“metal”) + phonetic 岡 (OC *klaːŋ).\nAlong with 剛 (OC *klaːŋ, “hard, firm, stiff”), derived from the terminative of 固 (OC *kaːs, “firm, solid, hard”), literally \"having become solid, hard\" (Schuessler, 2007).\nFor the identity of the unknown preinitial *C reconstructed by Baxter & Sagart (2014), compare the pre-syllable *t- of Proto-Vietic *t-kaːŋ, its reflex.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "钢",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鎠"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "鋼",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hard; strong; tough"
],
"links": [
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
]
],
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to sharpen; to whet; to strop"
],
"links": [
[
"sharpen",
"sharpen"
],
[
"whet",
"whet"
],
[
"strop",
"strop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄍㄤˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "kang⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gàng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "ganq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ган"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "gan"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gong"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "gong³"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kɑŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɔːŋ³³/"
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese jōyō kanji",
"Japanese kanji",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading こう",
"Japanese kanji with historical goon reading かう",
"Japanese kanji with historical kan'on reading かう",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading こう",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading はがね",
"Japanese kyōiku kanji",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鋼",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Alloys"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "Sixth grade kyōiku kanji",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"tags": [
"kanji",
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese single-kanji terms",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with 鋼",
"Japanese terms with 1 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Alloys"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "刃",
"3": "金",
"sort": "はがね",
"t1": "blade",
"t2": "metal",
"tr1": "ha",
"tr2": "kane"
},
"expansion": "刃 (ha, “blade”) + 金 (kane, “metal”)",
"name": "com"
}
],
"etymology_text": "刃 (ha, “blade”) + 金 (kane, “metal”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "鋼",
"ruby": [
[
"鋼",
"はがね"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "hagane",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "はがね"
},
"expansion": "鋼(はがね) • (hagane)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Hard as steel.",
"roman": "Hagane no yō ni katai.",
"ruby": [
[
"鋼",
"はがね"
],
[
"硬",
"かた"
]
],
"text": "鋼のように硬い。",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"steel (metal produced from iron)"
],
"links": [
[
"steel",
"steel"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "はがね"
},
{
"ipa": "[ha̠ɡa̠ne̞]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "kōtetsu",
"ruby": [
[
"鋼",
"こう"
],
[
"鉄",
"てつ"
]
],
"word": "鋼鉄"
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"alt": "鋼鐵",
"english": "steel",
"roman": "gangcheol",
"word": "강철"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "강철",
"roman": "gangcheol/gutsel gang",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
},
{
"form": "굳셀 강",
"roman": "gangcheol/gutsel gang",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "강철/굳셀",
"2": "강"
},
"expansion": "鋼 (eumhun 강철/굳셀 강 (gangcheol/gutsel gang))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean hanja forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "steel",
"word": "강"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 강 (“steel”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"강",
"강#Korean"
],
[
"steel",
"steel"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Korean hanja forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "hard; strong",
"word": "강"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 강 (“hard; strong”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"강",
"강#Korean"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"strong",
"strong"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Pages with 5 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"鋼 (Kangxi radical 167, 金+8, 16 strokes, cangjie input 金月廿山 (CBTU), four-corner 8712₀, composition ⿰釒岡)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"釒",
"釒#Translingual"
],
[
"岡",
"岡#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "cương",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "gang",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
},
{
"form": "cang",
"tags": [
"Hán-Nôm"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Han characters with unconfirmed readings",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
],
"tags": [
"no-gloss"
]
}
],
"word": "鋼"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 鋼 meaning in All languages combined (22.2kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <ul> not properly closed",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": "started on line 68, detected on line 78"
}
{
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"path": [
"鋼"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
"鋼"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
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"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
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"path": [
"鋼"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"鋼"
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"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"鋼"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "鋼",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.