See 退化 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 退化 meaning in All languages combined (13.4kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "jìnhuà",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “deteriorate”",
"word": "進化"
},
{
"roman": "jìnhuà",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “deteriorate”",
"word": "进化"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tǔdì tuìhuà",
"word": "土地退化"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "退化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "57 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to degenerate; to atrophy"
],
"id": "en-退化-zh-verb-9SIVCaTD",
"links": [
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"atrophy",
"atrophy"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "74 26",
"roman": "lǎohuà",
"sense": "to degenerate",
"word": "老化"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to deteriorate; to worsen; to decline; to fall; to drop"
],
"id": "en-退化-zh-verb-4m7XKKQp",
"links": [
[
"deteriorate",
"deteriorate"
],
[
"worsen",
"worsen"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"drop",
"drop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tuìhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "teoi³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thui-fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thèr-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thè-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thòe-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "to³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tuìhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tuèihuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻui⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "twèi-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tueyhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "туйхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tujxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "teoi³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "teui fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "toey³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "têu³ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɵy̯³³ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thui-fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tui fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tui⁴ fa⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯i⁵⁵ fa⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thèr-huà"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thè-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tea'hoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thuè-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "toea'hoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thò huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"other": "/ thè-hòa /"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɵy̯³³ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯i⁵⁵ fa⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "shinka",
"ruby": [
[
"進化",
"しんか"
]
],
"word": "進化"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "退化",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "taika",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "たいか"
},
"expansion": "退(たい)化(か) • (taika)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"degeneration; retrogression"
],
"id": "en-退化-ja-noun-b5Pk6T8v",
"links": [
[
"degeneration",
"degeneration"
],
[
"retrogression",
"retrogression"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ta̠ika̠]"
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "退化",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 退化 (tuìhuà)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 退化 (tuìhuà)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "퇴화",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 퇴화 (toehwa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 퇴화 (toehwa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thoái hoá",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thoái hoá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: thoái hoá"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "退化する",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "taika suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "退化し",
"roman": "taika shi",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "退化した",
"roman": "taika shita",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "退化し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "退化する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "taika suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "退化すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "退化せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "退化しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "退化させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "taika dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "退化しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "退化しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "退化した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "退化して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "退化すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 71",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 83",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to degenerate, to retrogress"
],
"id": "en-退化-ja-verb-HQqsZmMN",
"links": [
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"retrogress",
"retrogress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ta̠ika̠]"
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toehwa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "퇴화",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "퇴화"
},
"expansion": "退化 • (toehwa) (hangeul 퇴화)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "degeneration; retrogression",
"word": "퇴화"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 퇴화 (“degeneration; retrogression”)."
],
"id": "en-退化-ko-noun-tNkDwRXM",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"퇴화",
"퇴화#Korean"
],
[
"degeneration",
"degeneration"
],
[
"retrogression",
"retrogression"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "退化",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "退化",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of thoái hoá (“to degenerate;to decline”)."
],
"id": "en-退化-vi-verb-LFlrt81f",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"thoái hoá",
"thoái hoá#Vietnamese"
],
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
]
]
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "jìnhuà",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “deteriorate”",
"word": "進化"
},
{
"roman": "jìnhuà",
"sense": "antonym(s) of “deteriorate”",
"word": "进化"
}
],
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "tǔdì tuìhuà",
"word": "土地退化"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "退化",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to degenerate; to atrophy"
],
"links": [
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"atrophy",
"atrophy"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"to deteriorate; to worsen; to decline; to fall; to drop"
],
"links": [
[
"deteriorate",
"deteriorate"
],
[
"worsen",
"worsen"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
],
[
"fall",
"fall"
],
[
"drop",
"drop"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "tuìhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "teoi³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thui-fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thèr-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thè-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "thòe-hòa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "to³ huê³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tuìhuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄊㄨㄟˋ ㄏㄨㄚˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tuèihuà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tʻui⁴-hua⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "twèi-hwà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tueyhuah"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "туйхуа"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "tujxua"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "teoi³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "teui fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "toey³ faa³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong"
],
"zh-pron": "têu³ fa³"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɵy̯³³ faː³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "thui-fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tui fa"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "tui⁴ fa⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯i⁵⁵ fa⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thèr-huà"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thè-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "tea'hoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "thuè-huà"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "toea'hoax"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "thò huè"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"other": "/ thè-hòa /"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯eɪ̯⁵¹⁻⁵³ xu̯ä⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰɵy̯³³ faː³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰu̯i⁵⁵ fa⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰə⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰe¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue¹¹⁻⁵³ hua¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue⁴¹⁻⁵⁵⁴ hua⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁵³ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰue²¹⁻⁴¹ hua²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/tʰo²¹³⁻⁵⁵ hue²¹³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "lǎohuà",
"sense": "to degenerate",
"word": "老化"
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "shinka",
"ruby": [
[
"進化",
"しんか"
]
],
"word": "進化"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "退化",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "taika",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "たいか"
},
"expansion": "退(たい)化(か) • (taika)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"degeneration; retrogression"
],
"links": [
[
"degeneration",
"degeneration"
],
[
"retrogression",
"retrogression"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ta̠ika̠]"
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "退化",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Chinese: 退化 (tuìhuà)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Chinese: 退化 (tuìhuà)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "퇴화",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 퇴화 (toehwa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Korean: 퇴화 (toehwa)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "thoái hoá",
"bor": "y"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: thoái hoá",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Vietnamese: thoái hoá"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "退化する",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "taika suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "退化し",
"roman": "taika shi",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "退化した",
"roman": "taika shita",
"ruby": [
[
"退",
"たい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "退化し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "退化する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "taika suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "退化すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "退化せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "退化しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "退化させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "taika dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "退化しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "退化しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "退化します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "退化した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "退化して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "taika shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "退化すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "たいかすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "taika sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to degenerate, to retrogress"
],
"links": [
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"retrogress",
"retrogress"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ta̠ika̠]"
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "toehwa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "퇴화",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hj",
"hangeul": "퇴화"
},
"expansion": "退化 • (toehwa) (hangeul 퇴화)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "degeneration; retrogression",
"word": "퇴화"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 퇴화 (“degeneration; retrogression”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"퇴화",
"퇴화#Korean"
],
[
"degeneration",
"degeneration"
],
[
"retrogression",
"retrogression"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "verb",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "退化",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "退化",
"name": "vi-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese verbs",
"Vietnamese verbs in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of thoái hoá (“to degenerate;to decline”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"thoái hoá",
"thoái hoá#Vietnamese"
],
[
"degenerate",
"degenerate"
],
[
"decline",
"decline"
]
]
}
],
"word": "退化"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.