See 近代 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 近代 meaning in All languages combined (10.5kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "近代"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "近代",
"2": "きんだい",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "近代(きんだい) (kindai)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "근대(近代)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "近代",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cận đại",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "近代"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "近代",
"2": "きんだい",
"3": "근대",
"4": "cận đại",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "近代",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "近代",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "近代",
"v": "近代",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (近代):\n* → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)\n* → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)\n* → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "きんだい",
"3": "근대",
"4": "cận đại"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (近代):\n* → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)\n* → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)\n* → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (近代):\n* → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)\n* → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)\n* → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Historical periods",
"orig": "zh:Historical periods",
"parents": [
"History",
"Timekeeping",
"All topics",
"Time",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jìndàishǐ",
"word": "近代史"
},
{
"roman": "jìnxiàndài",
"word": "近現代"
},
{
"roman": "jìnxiàndài",
"word": "近现代"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "modern individualism",
"roman": "jìndài gerénzhǔyì",
"text": "近代個人主義／近代个人主义",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Whether this theory is historical fact has been a source of considerable contention in recent times.",
"ref": "此說是否為歷史事實，近代頗有爭議。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "此说是否为历史事实，近代颇有争议。 [MSC, simp.]\nCǐ shuō shìfǒu wéi lìshǐ shìshí, jìndài pōyǒu zhēngyì. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near-modern times; recent era"
],
"id": "en-近代-zh-noun-mCr3L4Bj",
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"modern",
"modern"
],
[
"times",
"times"
],
[
"recent",
"recent"
],
[
"era",
"era"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "dāngdài",
"word": "當代"
},
{
"roman": "dāngdài",
"word": "当代"
},
{
"roman": "xiàndài",
"word": "現代"
},
{
"roman": "xiàndài",
"word": "现代"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jìnshì",
"word": "近世"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jìndài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gan⁶ doi⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kūn-tāi"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kǔn-tāi"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kīn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jìndài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jìndài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chin⁴-tai⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jìn-dài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jinnday"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзиньдай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czinʹdaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gahn doih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan⁶ doi⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gen⁶ doi⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐn²² tɔːi̯²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kūn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kūn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kuxndai"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²²⁻²¹ tai²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kun³³⁻¹¹ tai³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔn-tāi"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²² tai⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kīn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kīn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kixndai"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin³³⁻²¹ tai³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²²⁻²¹ tai²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"other": "/ kǔn-tāi /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐn²² tɔːi̯²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²²⁻²¹ tai²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun³³⁻¹¹ tai³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²² tai⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin³³⁻²¹ tai³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²²⁻²¹ tai²²/"
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "近",
"3": "代",
"sort": "きんだい",
"t1": "near",
"t2": "age; period"
},
"expansion": "近 (“near”) + 代 (“age; period”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "近 (“near”) + 代 (“age; period”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "近代",
"ruby": [
[
"近",
"きん"
],
[
"代",
"だい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kindai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きんだい"
},
"expansion": "近(きん)代(だい) • (kindai)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Present",
"orig": "ja:Present",
"parents": [
"Time",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "modernization",
"roman": "kindaika",
"ruby": [
[
"近",
"きん"
],
[
"代",
"だい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"word": "近代化"
}
],
"glosses": [
"modern times, variously described as encompassing the Renaissance, the Age of Discovery, the Reformation and the rise of modern capitalism; or from the Meiji Restoration to the end of the Pacific War, which is then followed by 現代 (gendai)"
],
"id": "en-近代-ja-noun-QC97L9RG",
"links": [
[
"modern",
"modern"
],
[
"times",
"times"
],
[
"Renaissance",
"Renaissance"
],
[
"Age of Discovery",
"Age of Discovery"
],
[
"Reformation",
"Reformation"
],
[
"capitalism",
"capitalism"
],
[
"Meiji Restoration",
"Meiji Restoration"
],
[
"Pacific War",
"Pacific War"
],
[
"現代",
"現代#Japanese"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "kinsei",
"ruby": [
[
"近",
"きん"
],
[
"世",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "近世"
},
{
"roman": "kodai",
"ruby": [
[
"古",
"こ"
],
[
"代",
"だい"
]
],
"word": "古代"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きんだい"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲĩnda̠i]"
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "geundae",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "근대",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "근대"
},
"expansion": "近代 • (geundae) (hangeul 근대)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "late modern period",
"word": "근대"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 근대 (“late modern period”)."
],
"id": "en-近代-ko-noun-QpT2Z0yG",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"근대",
"근대#Korean"
],
[
"late",
"late"
],
[
"modern",
"modern"
],
[
"period",
"period"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of cận đại (“pre-modern”)."
],
"id": "en-近代-vi-noun-GqgKCBmf",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"cận đại",
"cận đại#Vietnamese"
],
[
"pre-",
"pre-"
],
[
"modern",
"modern"
]
]
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "jìndàishǐ",
"word": "近代史"
},
{
"roman": "jìnxiàndài",
"word": "近現代"
},
{
"roman": "jìnxiàndài",
"word": "近现代"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "近代"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "近代",
"2": "きんだい",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "近代(きんだい) (kindai)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "근대(近代)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "近代",
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "cận đại",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "近代"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "近代",
"2": "きんだい",
"3": "근대",
"4": "cận đại",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "近代",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "近代",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "近代",
"v": "近代",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (近代):\n* → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)\n* → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)\n* → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "きんだい",
"3": "근대",
"4": "cận đại"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (近代):\n* → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)\n* → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)\n* → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (近代):\n* → Japanese: 近代(きんだい) (kindai)\n* → Korean: 근대(近代) (geundae)\n* → Vietnamese: cận đại (近代)"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "dāngdài",
"word": "當代"
},
{
"roman": "dāngdài",
"word": "当代"
},
{
"roman": "xiàndài",
"word": "現代"
},
{
"roman": "xiàndài",
"word": "现代"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Cantonese terms with audio links",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien nouns",
"Intermediate Mandarin",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Mandarin terms with audio links",
"Mandarin terms with homophones",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"zh:Historical periods"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "modern individualism",
"roman": "jìndài gerénzhǔyì",
"text": "近代個人主義／近代个人主义",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "Whether this theory is historical fact has been a source of considerable contention in recent times.",
"ref": "此說是否為歷史事實，近代頗有爭議。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "此说是否为历史事实，近代颇有争议。 [MSC, simp.]\nCǐ shuō shìfǒu wéi lìshǐ shìshí, jìndài pōyǒu zhēngyì. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"near-modern times; recent era"
],
"links": [
[
"near",
"near"
],
[
"modern",
"modern"
],
[
"times",
"times"
],
[
"recent",
"recent"
],
[
"era",
"era"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jìndài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "gan⁶ doi⁶"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kūn-tāi"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kǔn-tāi"
},
{
"zh-pron": "kīn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jìndài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄐㄧㄣˋ ㄉㄞˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jìndài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "chin⁴-tai⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jìn-dài"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "jinnday"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "цзиньдай"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "czinʹdaj"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "gahn doih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "gan⁶ doi⁶"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "gen⁶ doi⁶"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐn²² tɔːi̯²²/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kūn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kūn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kuxndai"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²²⁻²¹ tai²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kun³³⁻¹¹ tai³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔn-tāi"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²² tai⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "kīn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "kīn-tāi"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "kixndai"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin³³⁻²¹ tai³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²²⁻²¹ tai²²/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"other": "/ kǔn-tāi /"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡ɕin⁵¹⁻⁵³ taɪ̯⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kɐn²² tɔːi̯²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²²⁻²¹ tai²²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun³³⁻¹¹ tai³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kun²² tai⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin³³⁻²¹ tai³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kin²²⁻²¹ tai²²/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "jìnshì",
"word": "近世"
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"english": "modernization",
"roman": "kindaika",
"ruby": [
[
"近",
"きん"
],
[
"代",
"だい"
],
[
"化",
"か"
]
],
"word": "近代化"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "近",
"3": "代",
"sort": "きんだい",
"t1": "near",
"t2": "age; period"
},
"expansion": "近 (“near”) + 代 (“age; period”)",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "近 (“near”) + 代 (“age; period”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "近代",
"ruby": [
[
"近",
"きん"
],
[
"代",
"だい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kindai",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "きんだい"
},
"expansion": "近(きん)代(だい) • (kindai)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "kinsei",
"ruby": [
[
"近",
"きん"
],
[
"世",
"せい"
]
],
"word": "近世"
},
{
"roman": "kodai",
"ruby": [
[
"古",
"こ"
],
[
"代",
"だい"
]
],
"word": "古代"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"ja:Present"
],
"glosses": [
"modern times, variously described as encompassing the Renaissance, the Age of Discovery, the Reformation and the rise of modern capitalism; or from the Meiji Restoration to the end of the Pacific War, which is then followed by 現代 (gendai)"
],
"links": [
[
"modern",
"modern"
],
[
"times",
"times"
],
[
"Renaissance",
"Renaissance"
],
[
"Age of Discovery",
"Age of Discovery"
],
[
"Reformation",
"Reformation"
],
[
"capitalism",
"capitalism"
],
[
"Meiji Restoration",
"Meiji Restoration"
],
[
"Pacific War",
"Pacific War"
],
[
"現代",
"現代#Japanese"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "きんだい"
},
{
"ipa": "[kʲĩnda̠i]"
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "geundae",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "근대",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "근대"
},
"expansion": "近代 • (geundae) (hangeul 근대)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "late modern period",
"word": "근대"
}
],
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 근대 (“late modern period”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"근대",
"근대#Korean"
],
[
"late",
"late"
],
[
"modern",
"modern"
],
[
"period",
"period"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "近代",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of cận đại (“pre-modern”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"cận đại",
"cận đại#Vietnamese"
],
[
"pre-",
"pre-"
],
[
"modern",
"modern"
]
]
}
],
"word": "近代"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"近代"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "近代",
"trace": "started on line 22, detected on line 22"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"近代"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "近代",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"近代"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "近代",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"近代"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "近代",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"近代"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "近代",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"近代"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "近代",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-12 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (ae36afe and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.