See 論證 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 論證 meaning in All languages combined (12.5kB)
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proof (the process of proving or establishing the truth or validity of a statement); demonstration"
],
"id": "en-論證-zh-noun-LqLzluyH",
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zuǒzhèng",
"word": "佐證"
},
{
"roman": "zuǒzhèng",
"word": "佐证"
},
{
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "例證"
},
{
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "例证"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "信"
},
{
"english": "reliable evidence",
"roman": "xìnjù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "信據"
},
{
"english": "reliable evidence",
"roman": "xìnjù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "信据"
},
{
"english": "strong evidence",
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "力證"
},
{
"english": "strong evidence",
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "力证"
},
{
"roman": "yìnzhèng",
"word": "印證"
},
{
"roman": "yìnzhèng",
"word": "印证"
},
{
"english": "concrete evidence",
"roman": "shízhèng",
"word": "實證"
},
{
"english": "concrete evidence",
"roman": "shízhèng",
"word": "实证"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干證"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干证"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "憑"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "凭"
},
{
"roman": "píngxìn",
"word": "憑信"
},
{
"roman": "píngxìn",
"word": "凭信"
},
{
"roman": "píngjù",
"word": "憑據"
},
{
"roman": "píngjù",
"word": "凭据"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "憑條"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "凭条"
},
{
"roman": "píngzhèng",
"word": "憑證"
},
{
"roman": "píngzhèng",
"word": "凭证"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "據"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "据"
},
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"word": "證"
},
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"word": "证"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngjù",
"word": "證據"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngjù",
"word": "证据"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngmíng",
"word": "證明"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngmíng",
"word": "证明"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"literary"
],
"word": "證見"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"literary"
],
"word": "证见"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "leon⁶ zing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnjhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴-chêng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lwùn-jèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "luennjenq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "луньчжэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "lunʹčžɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "leuhn jing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "loen⁶ dzing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lên⁶ jing³"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun ziin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴ zin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-tsìng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "luxnzexng"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "24 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "lùnzhènghuì",
"word": "論證會"
},
{
"roman": "lùnzhènghuì",
"word": "论证会"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to expound and prove; to demonstrate (through argument)"
],
"id": "en-論證-zh-verb-4dIluPkc",
"links": [
[
"expound",
"expound"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"demonstrate",
"demonstrate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "leon⁶ zing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnjhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴-chêng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lwùn-jèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "luennjenq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "луньчжэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "lunʹčžɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "leuhn jing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "loen⁶ dzing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lên⁶ jing³"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun ziin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴ zin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-tsìng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "luxnzexng"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "論證",
"ruby": [
[
"論",
"ろん"
],
[
"證",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ronshō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ronsyou",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ろんしよう",
"roman": "ronsyou",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ろんしょう",
"hhira": "ろんしよう"
},
"expansion": "論(ろん)證(しょう) • (ronshō) ^(←ろんしよう (ronsyou)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "proof, demonstration",
"word": "論証"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kyūjitai form of 論証 (“proof, demonstration”)"
],
"id": "en-論證-ja-noun-PfIuLy8x",
"links": [
[
"Kyūjitai",
"kyūjitai"
],
[
"論証",
"論証#Japanese"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "ronjeung",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "론증",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "론증",
"rv": ""
},
"expansion": "論證 • (ronjeung) (hangeul 론증)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "proof; demonstration",
"word": "론증"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 론증 (“proof; demonstration”)."
],
"id": "en-論證-ko-noun-H0n-pypq",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"론증",
"론증#Korean"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "nonjeung",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "논증",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "논증",
"rv": ""
},
"expansion": "論證 • (nonjeung) (hangeul 논증)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "proof; demonstration",
"word": "논증"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 논증 (“proof; demonstration”)."
],
"id": "en-論證-ko-noun-OpP16asD",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"논증",
"논증#Korean"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns without classifiers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of luận chứng (“proof; demonstration”)."
],
"id": "en-論證-vi-noun-CLV2rygz",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"luận chứng",
"luận chứng#Vietnamese"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"proof (the process of proving or establishing the truth or validity of a statement); demonstration"
],
"links": [
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "leon⁶ zing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnjhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴-chêng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lwùn-jèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "luennjenq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "луньчжэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "lunʹčžɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "leuhn jing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "loen⁶ dzing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lên⁶ jing³"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun ziin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴ zin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-tsìng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "luxnzexng"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "zuǒzhèng",
"word": "佐證"
},
{
"roman": "zuǒzhèng",
"word": "佐证"
},
{
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "例證"
},
{
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "例证"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "信"
},
{
"english": "reliable evidence",
"roman": "xìnjù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "信據"
},
{
"english": "reliable evidence",
"roman": "xìnjù",
"tags": [
"literary"
],
"word": "信据"
},
{
"english": "strong evidence",
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "力證"
},
{
"english": "strong evidence",
"roman": "lìzhèng",
"word": "力证"
},
{
"roman": "yìnzhèng",
"word": "印證"
},
{
"roman": "yìnzhèng",
"word": "印证"
},
{
"english": "concrete evidence",
"roman": "shízhèng",
"word": "實證"
},
{
"english": "concrete evidence",
"roman": "shízhèng",
"word": "实证"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干證"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "干证"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "憑"
},
{
"roman": "píng",
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "凭"
},
{
"roman": "píngxìn",
"word": "憑信"
},
{
"roman": "píngxìn",
"word": "凭信"
},
{
"roman": "píngjù",
"word": "憑據"
},
{
"roman": "píngjù",
"word": "凭据"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "憑條"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan"
],
"word": "凭条"
},
{
"roman": "píngzhèng",
"word": "憑證"
},
{
"roman": "píngzhèng",
"word": "凭证"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "據"
},
{
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
],
"word": "据"
},
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"word": "證"
},
{
"roman": "zhèng",
"word": "证"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngjù",
"word": "證據"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngjù",
"word": "证据"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngmíng",
"word": "證明"
},
{
"roman": "zhèngmíng",
"word": "证明"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"literary"
],
"word": "證見"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"literary"
],
"word": "证见"
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "lùnzhènghuì",
"word": "論證會"
},
{
"roman": "lùnzhènghuì",
"word": "论证会"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to expound and prove; to demonstrate (through argument)"
],
"links": [
[
"expound",
"expound"
],
[
"prove",
"prove"
],
[
"demonstrate",
"demonstrate"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄨㄣˋ ㄓㄥˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "leon⁶ zing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnzhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lùnjhèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴-chêng⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lwùn-jèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "luennjenq"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "луньчжэн"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "lunʹčžɛn"
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "leuhn jing"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "loen⁶ dzing³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lên⁶ jing³"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun-chṳn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun ziin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lun⁴ zin⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-chèng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "lūn-tsìng"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "luxnzexng"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lu̯ən⁵¹⁻⁵³ ʈ͡ʂɤŋ⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lɵn²² t͡sɪŋ³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵ t͡sɨn⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁴¹⁻²² t͡siɪŋ⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun²²⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻¹¹ t͡siɪŋ¹¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun³³⁻²¹ t͡siɪŋ²¹/"
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "論證",
"ruby": [
[
"論",
"ろん"
],
[
"證",
"しょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "ronshō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ronsyou",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "ろんしよう",
"roman": "ronsyou",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ろんしょう",
"hhira": "ろんしよう"
},
"expansion": "論(ろん)證(しょう) • (ronshō) ^(←ろんしよう (ronsyou)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms spelled with hyōgaiji kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with sixth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "proof, demonstration",
"word": "論証"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kyūjitai form of 論証 (“proof, demonstration”)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kyūjitai",
"kyūjitai"
],
[
"論証",
"論証#Japanese"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"kyūjitai"
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "ronjeung",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "론증",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "론증",
"rv": ""
},
"expansion": "論證 • (ronjeung) (hangeul 론증)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "proof; demonstration",
"word": "론증"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 론증 (“proof; demonstration”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"론증",
"론증#Korean"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "nonjeung",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "논증",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "논증",
"rv": ""
},
"expansion": "論證 • (nonjeung) (hangeul 논증)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "proof; demonstration",
"word": "논증"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 논증 (“proof; demonstration”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"논증",
"논증#Korean"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "論證",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns in Han script",
"Vietnamese nouns without classifiers"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of luận chứng (“proof; demonstration”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"luận chứng",
"luận chứng#Vietnamese"
],
[
"proof",
"proof"
],
[
"demonstration",
"demonstration"
]
]
}
],
"word": "論證"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.