See 苦心 on Wiktionary
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "苦心",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pains; efforts; hard work"
],
"id": "en-苦心-zh-noun-jrfJCv7R",
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "кусинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kusinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú sām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofsym"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"descendants": [],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "苦心",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "51 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"with strenuous efforts; painstakingly"
],
"id": "en-苦心-zh-adv-dGouXhMU",
"links": [
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
],
[
"efforts",
"efforts"
],
[
"painstakingly",
"painstakingly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "кусинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kusinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú sām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofsym"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "苦",
"2": "く",
"3": "心",
"4": "しん",
"t1": "hard, energetically",
"t2": "heart"
},
"expansion": "苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”)",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦心",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kusin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くしん",
"roman": "kusin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くしん",
"hhira": "くしん"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)心(しん) • (kushin) ^(←くしん (kusin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "taking great pains",
"roman": "kushin santan",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"惨",
"さん"
],
[
"憺",
"たん"
]
],
"word": "苦心惨憺"
},
{
"english": "account of the hardships one has encountered",
"roman": "kushindan",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"談",
"だん"
]
],
"word": "苦心談"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pains, efforts, hard work"
],
"id": "en-苦心-ja-noun-gYFcH3pV",
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "kushin o kawareru",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"買",
"か"
]
],
"word": "苦心を買われる: have one's labor appreciated"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "苦",
"2": "く",
"3": "心",
"4": "しん",
"t1": "hard, energetically",
"t2": "heart"
},
"expansion": "苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”)",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦心する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kusin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心し",
"roman": "kushin shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心した",
"roman": "kushin shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "23 23 21 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "23 22 22 33",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "39 61",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "36 64",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "38 62",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "37 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "with great pains",
"roman": "kushin shite",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"text": "苦心して",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"make strenuous efforts, be at pains to, struggle to"
],
"id": "en-苦心-ja-verb-r-2C5~UL",
"links": [
[
"at pains",
"at pains"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gosim",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "고심",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "고심"
},
"expansion": "苦心 • (gosim) (hangeul 고심)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 3 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "고심"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 고심"
],
"id": "en-苦心-ko-noun-SVW1p2xJ",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고심",
"고심#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 心",
"Chinese terms spelled with 苦",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "苦心",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pains; efforts; hard work"
],
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "кусинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kusinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú sām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofsym"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese adverbs",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 心",
"Chinese terms spelled with 苦",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"descendants": [],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "adverb"
},
"expansion": "苦心",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"with strenuous efforts; painstakingly"
],
"links": [
[
"strenuous",
"strenuous"
],
[
"efforts",
"efforts"
],
[
"painstakingly",
"painstakingly"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔxīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄎㄨˇ ㄒㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔsin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kʻu³-hsin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kǔ-syīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kuushin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "кусинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius",
"standard"
],
"zh-pron": "kusinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA",
"standard"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "fú sām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "fu² sem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "khó͘-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "khóo-sim"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "qofsym"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰu²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɕin⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/fuː³⁵ sɐm⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵⁵⁴⁻²⁴ sim³³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁵³⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/kʰɔ⁴¹⁻⁴⁴ sim⁴⁴/"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "taking great pains",
"roman": "kushin santan",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"惨",
"さん"
],
[
"憺",
"たん"
]
],
"word": "苦心惨憺"
},
{
"english": "account of the hardships one has encountered",
"roman": "kushindan",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"談",
"だん"
]
],
"word": "苦心談"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "苦",
"2": "く",
"3": "心",
"4": "しん",
"t1": "hard, energetically",
"t2": "heart"
},
"expansion": "苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”)",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦心",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kusin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "くしん",
"roman": "kusin",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くしん",
"hhira": "くしん"
},
"expansion": "苦(く)心(しん) • (kushin) ^(←くしん (kusin)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "kushin o kawareru",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
],
[
"買",
"か"
]
],
"word": "苦心を買われる: have one's labor appreciated"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pains, efforts, hard work"
],
"links": [
[
"pain",
"pain"
],
[
"effort",
"effort"
],
[
"hard",
"hard"
],
[
"work",
"work"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese intransitive verbs",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms spelled with second grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with third grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese verbs",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "苦",
"2": "く",
"3": "心",
"4": "しん",
"t1": "hard, energetically",
"t2": "heart"
},
"expansion": "苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”)",
"name": "ja-compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From 苦(く) (ku, “hard, energetically”) + 心(しん) (shin, “heart”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "苦心する",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kusin",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心し",
"roman": "kushin shi",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心した",
"roman": "kushin shita",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "苦心すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "くしんすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "kushin sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "with great pains",
"roman": "kushin shite",
"ruby": [
[
"苦",
"く"
],
[
"心",
"しん"
]
],
"text": "苦心して",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"make strenuous efforts, be at pains to, struggle to"
],
"links": [
[
"at pains",
"at pains"
],
[
"struggle",
"struggle"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"other": "くしん"
},
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ɕĩɴ]"
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "gosim",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "고심",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"hangeul": "고심"
},
"expansion": "苦心 • (gosim) (hangeul 고심)",
"name": "ko-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean nouns",
"Korean nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 3 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "고심"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 고심"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"고심",
"고심#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "苦心"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 苦心 meaning in All languages combined (14.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <sup> not properly closed",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": "started on line 19, detected on line 19"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </sup>",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ)'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Mizenkei (\"imperfective\")'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Ren’yōkei (\"continuative\")'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Shūshikei (\"terminal\")'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Rentaikei (\"attributive\")'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Kateikei (\"hypothetical\")'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/735",
"msg": "inflection table: unrecognized header: 'Meireikei (\"imperative\")'",
"path": [
"苦心"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "verb",
"title": "苦心",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.