See 濁音 on Wiktionary
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "qīngyīn",
"word": "清音"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "濁音"
},
"expansion": "濁音",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "濁音",
"2": "だくおん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "탁음(濁音)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trọc âm",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "濁音"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "濁音",
"2": "だくおん",
"3": "탁음",
"4": "trọc âm",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "濁音",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "濁音",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "濁音",
"v": "濁音",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (濁音):\n* → Japanese: 濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)\n* → Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)\n* → Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "だくおん",
"3": "탁음",
"4": "trọc âm"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (濁音):\n* → Japanese: 濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)\n* → Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)\n* → Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (濁音):\n* → Japanese: 濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)\n* → Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)\n* → Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "浊音",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "濁音",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Phonetics",
"orig": "zh:Phonetics",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "84 9 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 2 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "86 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"voiced sound"
],
"id": "en-濁音-zh-noun-3Dlgwd9N",
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"voiced",
"voiced"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) voiced sound"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuóyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zuk⁶ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuóyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhuóyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "cho²-yin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jwó-yīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jwoin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжоинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžoinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ in⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "juhk yām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzuk⁹ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zug⁶ yem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² jɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ in⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² jɐm⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "濁音"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "lzh",
"3": "濁音",
"lit": "muddy sound",
"sort": "たくおん'"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese 濁音 (zhuóyīn, literally “muddy sound”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Literary Chinese 濁音 (zhuóyīn, literally “muddy sound”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "濁音",
"ruby": [
[
"濁",
"だく"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dakuon",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "だくおん"
},
"expansion": "濁(だく)音(おん) • (dakuon)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "handakuon",
"ruby": [
[
"半",
"はん"
],
[
"濁",
"だく"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"word": "半濁音"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dakuten",
"ruby": [
[
"濁",
"だく"
],
[
"点",
"てん"
]
],
"word": "濁点"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "seion",
"ruby": [
[
"清",
"せい"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"word": "清音"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "ja:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "56 44",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"id": "en-濁音-ja-noun-xMcsYYwj",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"voiced",
"voiced"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"obstruent",
"obstruent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(traditional Chinese phonology) a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"tags": [
"Chinese",
"traditional"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Phonology",
"orig": "ja:Phonology",
"parents": [
"Linguistics",
"Language",
"Social sciences",
"Communication",
"Sciences",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "47 53",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "42 58",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Chinese",
"orig": "ja:Chinese",
"parents": [
"Languages",
"Language",
"Names",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "41 59",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Japanese",
"orig": "ja:Japanese",
"parents": [
"Languages",
"Language",
"Names",
"Communication",
"All topics",
"Proper nouns",
"Terms by semantic function",
"Fundamental",
"Nouns",
"Lemmas"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Outside the fifty sounds, there is yet another class of complex sounds. These are called ‘muddy sounds’ and ‘semi-muddy sounds’. Muddy sounds are the base child sounds of the four rows ka, sa, ta and ha, being muddied up when they are pronounced. There are no letters to specifically note these sounds, so two small dots are added on the shoulders of the kana for the base sounds, as shown on the left.",
"ref": "1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第三章 濁音 半濁音及その文字 [Chapter 3: Muddy Sounds, Semi-Muddy Sounds and How to Write Them]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, page 10:",
"roman": "Gojūon no soto ni, mata, isshu no jukuon ari. Kore o dakuon, oyobi, handakuon to iu. Dakuon to wa, hon’on o nigorite yobu mono nite, shion no naka, ka, sa, ta, ha, no shigyō no shoon o iu. Kono on o shimesu ni wa betsu ni, sono moji naku, hon’on no kana no kata ni, niko no shōten o kuwau. Sunawachi, hidari no gotoshi.",
"text": "五十音の外に、また、一種の熟音あり。これを濁音、及び、半濁音といふ。濁音とは、本音を濁りて呼ぶものにて、子音の中、加、佐、多、波、の四行の諸音をいふ。この音を示すには別に、その文字なく、本音の假字の肩に、二個の小點を加ふ。卽ち、左の如し。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In traditional phonology, ‘muddy sounds’ are the twenty sounds arranged in four rows as follows:\nga gi gu ge go\nza ji zu ze zo\nda ji zu de do\nba bi bu be bo",
"ref": "1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第十九章 淸音濁音半濁音 [Chapter 19: Clear Sounds, Muddy Sounds and Semi-Muddy Sounds]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, page 151:",
"roman": "Kyūrai no on’in de wa dakuon to iu mono ga atte,\nga gi gu ge go\nza ji zu ze zo\nda ji zu de do\nba bi bu be bo\nno shigyō nijūon o kore ni atete iru.",
"text": "舊來の音韻では濁音といふものがあって、\nが ぎ ぐ げ ご\nざ じ ず ぜ ぞ\nだ ぢ づ で ど\nば び ぶ べ ぼ\nの四行二十音を之に充てゝ居る。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "A ‘muddy sound’ is noted by attaching two dots (゛) to the right shoulder of a kana, as seen in the following examples,",
"ref": "1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “濁音の符 [Noting Muddy Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 22:",
"roman": "Dakuon wa kana no migikata ni niko no ten (゛) o fushite dakuonpu to osu, tsugi no rei o miru beshi,",
"text": "濁音は假字の右肩に二箇の點（゛）を附して濁音符とおす、次ぎの例を見るべし、",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a mora with a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"id": "en-濁音-ja-noun-wtGDHgVS",
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"mora",
"mora"
],
[
"obstruent",
"obstruent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(traditional Japanese phonology) a mora with a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"tags": [
"Japanese",
"traditional"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "だくおん"
},
{
"other": "だくおん"
},
{
"ipa": "[da̠kɯ̟õ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:濁音"
],
"word": "濁音"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "qīngyīn",
"word": "清音"
}
],
"categories": [
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Chinese",
"ja:Japanese"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 0,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "濁音"
},
"expansion": "濁音",
"name": "lang"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Japanese:",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "濁音",
"2": "だくおん",
"gloss": ""
},
"expansion": "濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)",
"name": "ja-r"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ko",
"2": "탁음(濁音)",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"t2": "",
"t3": "",
"t4": ""
},
"expansion": "→ Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "trọc âm",
"bor": "1",
"t": "",
"tr": "濁音"
},
"expansion": "→ Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "濁音",
"2": "だくおん",
"3": "탁음",
"4": "trọc âm",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"h": "濁音",
"j2": "",
"j2t": "",
"j3": "",
"j3t": "",
"j4": "",
"j4t": "",
"jdesc": "",
"jje2": "",
"jje2t": "",
"jje3": "",
"jje3t": "",
"jje4": "",
"jje4t": "",
"jjedesc": "",
"jjet": "",
"jt": "",
"k2": "",
"k2t": "",
"k3": "",
"k3t": "",
"k4": "",
"k4t": "",
"kdesc": "",
"kt": "",
"o": "濁音",
"o2": "",
"o2t": "",
"o3": "",
"o3t": "",
"o4": "",
"o4t": "",
"odesc": "",
"ot": "",
"s": "濁音",
"v": "濁音",
"v2": "",
"v2t": "",
"v3": "",
"v3t": "",
"v4": "",
"v4t": "",
"vdesc": "",
"vt": ""
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (濁音):\n* → Japanese: 濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)\n* → Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)\n* → Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)",
"name": "CJKV/code"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "",
"2": "だくおん",
"3": "탁음",
"4": "trọc âm"
},
"expansion": "Sino-Xenic (濁音):\n* → Japanese: 濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)\n* → Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)\n* → Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)",
"name": "CJKV"
}
],
"text": "Sino-Xenic (濁音):\n* → Japanese: 濁音(だくおん) (dakuon)\n* → Korean: 탁음(濁音) (tageum)\n* → Vietnamese: trọc âm (濁音)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "浊音",
"raw_tags": [
"Simplified Chinese"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "濁音",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms spelled with 濁",
"Chinese terms spelled with 音",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin nouns",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"zh:Phonetics"
],
"glosses": [
"voiced sound"
],
"links": [
[
"phonetics",
"phonetics"
],
[
"voiced",
"voiced"
],
[
"sound",
"sound"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(phonetics) voiced sound"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonetics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuóyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄓㄨㄛˊ ㄧㄣ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "zuk⁶ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "zhuóyīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "jhuóyin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "cho²-yin¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "jwó-yīn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "jwoin"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "чжоинь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "čžoinʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ in⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "juhk yām"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "dzuk⁹ jam¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "zug⁶ yem¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² jɐm⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ʈ͡ʂu̯ɔ³⁵ in⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/t͡sʊk̚² jɐm⁵⁵/"
}
],
"word": "濁音"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Literary Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 2 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Pages with 2 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ja:Chinese",
"ja:Japanese"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "lzh",
"3": "濁音",
"lit": "muddy sound",
"sort": "たくおん'"
},
"expansion": "Literary Chinese 濁音 (zhuóyīn, literally “muddy sound”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Literary Chinese 濁音 (zhuóyīn, literally “muddy sound”)",
"forms": [
{
"form": "濁音",
"ruby": [
[
"濁",
"だく"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "dakuon",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "だくおん"
},
"expansion": "濁(だく)音(おん) • (dakuon)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "handakuon",
"ruby": [
[
"半",
"はん"
],
[
"濁",
"だく"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"word": "半濁音"
},
{
"roman": "dakuten",
"ruby": [
[
"濁",
"だく"
],
[
"点",
"てん"
]
],
"word": "濁点"
},
{
"roman": "seion",
"ruby": [
[
"清",
"せい"
],
[
"音",
"おん"
]
],
"word": "清音"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Phonology"
],
"glosses": [
"a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"voiced",
"voiced"
],
[
"onset",
"onset"
],
[
"obstruent",
"obstruent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(traditional Chinese phonology) a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"tags": [
"Chinese",
"traditional"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with quotations",
"ja:Phonology"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Outside the fifty sounds, there is yet another class of complex sounds. These are called ‘muddy sounds’ and ‘semi-muddy sounds’. Muddy sounds are the base child sounds of the four rows ka, sa, ta and ha, being muddied up when they are pronounced. There are no letters to specifically note these sounds, so two small dots are added on the shoulders of the kana for the base sounds, as shown on the left.",
"ref": "1893 March, 宗司 大宮, “第三章 濁音 半濁音及その文字 [Chapter 3: Muddy Sounds, Semi-Muddy Sounds and How to Write Them]”, in 日本辭林 [A Japanese Dictionary], Tokyo: Hakubunkan, page 10:",
"roman": "Gojūon no soto ni, mata, isshu no jukuon ari. Kore o dakuon, oyobi, handakuon to iu. Dakuon to wa, hon’on o nigorite yobu mono nite, shion no naka, ka, sa, ta, ha, no shigyō no shoon o iu. Kono on o shimesu ni wa betsu ni, sono moji naku, hon’on no kana no kata ni, niko no shōten o kuwau. Sunawachi, hidari no gotoshi.",
"text": "五十音の外に、また、一種の熟音あり。これを濁音、及び、半濁音といふ。濁音とは、本音を濁りて呼ぶものにて、子音の中、加、佐、多、波、の四行の諸音をいふ。この音を示すには別に、その文字なく、本音の假字の肩に、二個の小點を加ふ。卽ち、左の如し。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "In traditional phonology, ‘muddy sounds’ are the twenty sounds arranged in four rows as follows:\nga gi gu ge go\nza ji zu ze zo\nda ji zu de do\nba bi bu be bo",
"ref": "1902, Hirano, Hidekichi, “第十九章 淸音濁音半濁音 [Chapter 19: Clear Sounds, Muddy Sounds and Semi-Muddy Sounds]”, in 國語聲音學 [The Phonetics of the National Language], 國光社, page 151:",
"roman": "Kyūrai no on’in de wa dakuon to iu mono ga atte,\nga gi gu ge go\nza ji zu ze zo\nda ji zu de do\nba bi bu be bo\nno shigyō nijūon o kore ni atete iru.",
"text": "舊來の音韻では濁音といふものがあって、\nが ぎ ぐ げ ご\nざ じ ず ぜ ぞ\nだ ぢ づ で ど\nば び ぶ べ ぼ\nの四行二十音を之に充てゝ居る。",
"type": "quote"
},
{
"english": "A ‘muddy sound’ is noted by attaching two dots (゛) to the right shoulder of a kana, as seen in the following examples,",
"ref": "1905 June, 黃山 片岡, “濁音の符 [Noting Muddy Sounds]”, in 黃山著作集, Saitama: Suharaya, page 22:",
"roman": "Dakuon wa kana no migikata ni niko no ten (゛) o fushite dakuonpu to osu, tsugi no rei o miru beshi,",
"text": "濁音は假字の右肩に二箇の點（゛）を附して濁音符とおす、次ぎの例を見るべし、",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a mora with a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"links": [
[
"phonology",
"phonology"
],
[
"mora",
"mora"
],
[
"obstruent",
"obstruent"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(traditional Japanese phonology) a mora with a voiced onset obstruent"
],
"tags": [
"Japanese",
"traditional"
],
"topics": [
"human-sciences",
"linguistics",
"phonology",
"sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "だくおん"
},
{
"other": "だくおん"
},
{
"ipa": "[da̠kɯ̟õ̞ɴ]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:濁音"
],
"word": "濁音"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 濁音 meaning in All languages combined (8.9kB)
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"濁音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "濁音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"濁音"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "濁音",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"濁音"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "濁音",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.