See 戀 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 戀 meaning in All languages combined (22.8kB)
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Translingual terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"戀 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+19, 23 strokes, cangjie input 女火心 (VFP), four-corner 2233₉, composition ⿱龻心)"
],
"id": "en-戀-mul-character-IdWNhrtu",
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"龻",
"龻#Translingual"
],
[
"心",
"心#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sānjiǎo liàn'ài",
"word": "三角戀愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sānjiǎo liàn'ài",
"word": "三角恋爱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǔliàn",
"word": "久戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jiǔliàn",
"word": "久恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yīliàn",
"word": "依戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yīliàn",
"word": "依恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chūliàn",
"word": "初戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "chūliàn",
"word": "初恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tóngxìngliàn",
"word": "同性戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tóngxìngliàn",
"word": "同性恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānliàn",
"word": "單戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dānliàn",
"word": "单恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shīliàn",
"word": "失戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shīliàn",
"word": "失恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "婉戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "婉恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shīshēngliàn",
"word": "師生戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shīshēngliàn",
"word": "师生恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "思戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "思恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "àiliàn",
"word": "愛戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "àiliàn",
"word": "爱恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "懷戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "怀恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànrén",
"word": "戀人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànrén",
"word": "恋人"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀土難移"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋土难移"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànjiā",
"word": "戀家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànjiā",
"word": "恋家"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànqíng",
"word": "戀情"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànqíng",
"word": "恋情"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liàn'ài",
"word": "戀愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liàn'ài",
"word": "恋爱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànmù",
"word": "戀慕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànmù",
"word": "恋慕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànliàn",
"word": "戀戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànliàn",
"word": "恋恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànliànbùshě",
"word": "戀戀不捨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànliànbùshě",
"word": "恋恋不舍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀戀難捨"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋恋难舍"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "戀戰"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "恋战"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀新忘舊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋新忘旧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànqǔ",
"word": "戀曲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànqǔ",
"word": "恋曲"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋枕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "戀棧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "恋栈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liàngē",
"word": "戀歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liàngē",
"word": "恋歌"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànmǔ qíngjié",
"word": "戀母情結"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànmǔ qíngjié",
"word": "恋母情结"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀父情結"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋父情结"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀生惡死"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋生恶死"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànjiù",
"word": "戀舊"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liànjiù",
"word": "恋旧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀酒貪杯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋酒贪杯"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀酒貪色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋酒贪色"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀酒貪花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋酒贪花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀酒迷花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋酒迷花"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "戀闕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "恋阙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "擇戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "择恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "攀戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "攀恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "晚戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "晚恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ànliàn",
"word": "暗戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ànliàn",
"word": "暗恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "棧戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "栈恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "無心戀棧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "无心恋栈"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rèliàn",
"word": "熱戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rèliàn",
"word": "热恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "犬馬之戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "犬马之恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "犬馬戀主"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "犬马恋主"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liúliàn",
"word": "留戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "liúliàn",
"word": "留恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "畸戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "畸恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiāngliàn",
"word": "相戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiāngliàn",
"word": "相恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "juànliàn",
"word": "眷戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "juànliàn",
"word": "眷恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "瞻天戀闕"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "瞻天恋阙"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yíqíngbiéliàn",
"word": "移情別戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yíqíngbiéliàn",
"word": "移情别恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "網路戀情"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "网路恋情"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "繫戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "系恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "罣戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "罣恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "耽花戀酒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "耽花恋酒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zìliàn",
"word": "自戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zìliàn",
"word": "自恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "自由戀愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "自由恋爱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "良醞可戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "良酝可恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tán liàn'ài",
"word": "談戀愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tán liàn'ài",
"word": "谈恋爱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tānliàn",
"word": "貪戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tānliàn",
"word": "贪恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "貪花戀酒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "贪花恋酒"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "貼戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "贴恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "míliàn",
"word": "迷戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "míliàn",
"word": "迷恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "速食戀愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "速食恋爱"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "顧戀"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "顾恋"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "駑馬戀棧"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "驽马恋栈"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "形聲",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "形聲／形声",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *b·rons"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rons)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "䜌//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons</span>"
},
"expansion": "䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "心//",
"3": "",
"4": "heart",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "心 (“heart”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "䜌",
"2": "心",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"t2": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rons) : phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 心 (“heart”)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rons) : phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 心 (“heart”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "戀",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be in love",
"roman": "liàn'ài",
"text": "戀愛／恋爱",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to love"
],
"id": "en-戀-zh-character-N-OMg8z-",
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, or in compounds) to love"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "ài",
"sense": "to love",
"word": "愛"
},
{
"_dis1": "100 0",
"roman": "ài",
"sense": "to love",
"word": "爱"
}
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 100",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be reluctant to leave",
"roman": "liúliàn",
"text": "留戀／留恋",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A cageling cherishes the memory of its old forest while pond fish miss their quondam deep pool.",
"ref": "羈鳥戀舊林，池魚思故淵。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 5th century, Tao Yuanming, 歸園田居·其一\nJīniǎo liàn jiù lín, chíyú sī gù yuān. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to long for; to yearn for; to feel attached to"
],
"id": "en-戀-zh-character-R--lcOCm",
"links": [
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
],
[
"attached",
"attached"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, or in compounds) to long for; to yearn for; to feel attached to"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "lun²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"zh-pron": "luông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "loân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "luang³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лянь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ljanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyún"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyúhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lyn²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lyn⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lün²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lün⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "lun²"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "luông"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃uɔŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "luân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "loaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "luàng"
},
{
"ipa": "/luaŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "li^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/li²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ljwenH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[r]on-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*b·rons/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃uɔŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luaŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li²³/"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*b·rons/"
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "恋",
"tags": [
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Uncommon kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "attract, love",
"word": "恋"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kyūjitai form of 恋: attract, love"
],
"id": "en-戀-ja-character-gqo2ighp",
"links": [
[
"Kyūjitai",
"kyūjitai"
],
[
"恋",
"恋#Japanese"
],
[
"attract",
"attract"
],
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"form-of",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "사모할 련",
"roman": "samohal ryeon",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
},
{
"form": "사모할 연",
"roman": "samohal yeon",
"tags": [
"South-Korea"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "사모할",
"2": "련",
"3": "",
"4": "연"
},
"expansion": "戀 (eumhun 사모할 련 (samohal ryeon), South Korea 사모할 연 (samohal yeon))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "love",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“love”)."
],
"id": "en-戀-ko-character-6jHZAY5J",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "long for, yearn for",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "45 55",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "44 56",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“long for, yearn for”)."
],
"id": "en-戀-ko-character-PiUEbFmk",
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"long for",
"long for"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ko1pi2si",
"word": "戀し"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ko1pi2su",
"word": "戀す"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ko1pi2 no yatuko1",
"word": "戀の奴"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "恋",
"tr": "こい, koi"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 恋 (こい, koi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 恋 (こい, koi)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "未然形",
"3": "",
"4": "irrealis form",
"tr": "mizenkei"
},
"expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "stem or continuative form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "戀ふ",
"3": "",
"4": "to love, yearn",
"tr": "ko₁pu"
},
"expansion": "戀ふ (ko₁pu, “to love, yearn”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 戀ふ (ko₁pu, “to love, yearn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ko₁pi₂",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "こひ",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"3": "kana",
"4": "こひ",
"sort": "こひ",
"tr": "ko₁pi₂"
},
"expansion": "戀 (ko₁pi₂) (kana こひ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "61 31 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ojp",
"name": "Love",
"orig": "ojp:Love",
"parents": [
"Emotions",
"Virtue",
"Mind",
"Ethics",
"Human",
"Philosophy",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n八百日徃濱之沙毛吾戀二豈不益歟奥嶋守\nyapoka yuku hama no₂ manago₁ no₂ aga ko₁pi₂ ni ani masarazi oki₁ tu simamori\nOn so vast a shore―that one could walk eight hundred days―would the grains of sand number greater than my love, o guardian of the outer isles?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"love, especially romantic love"
],
"id": "en-戀-ojp-noun-qLlwnc3v",
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
],
[
"romantic",
"romantic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "34 48 18",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ojp",
"name": "Emotions",
"orig": "ojp:Emotions",
"parents": [
"Mind",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n明日香河川余藤不去立霧乃念應過孤悲尓不有國\nAsuka-gapa kapayo₂do₂ sarazu tatu ki₁ri no₂ omopi₁ sugu beki ko₁pi₂ ni aranaku ni",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longing, yearning"
],
"id": "en-戀-ojp-noun-ebmqoPG0",
"links": [
[
"longing",
"longing"
],
[
"yearning",
"yearning"
]
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "東歌",
"lit": "eastern songs",
"tr": "Azuma uta"
},
"expansion": "東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern songs”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
"short": "1"
},
"expansion": "c. 759 CE",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨-i₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨-i₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨-i₂⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨-i₂⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears in 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern songs”) in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).\nThe distinction of ⟨-i₁⟩ and ⟨-i₂⟩ in some Eastern dialects has been lost.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ko₁pi₁",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "こひ",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"3": "kana",
"4": "こひ",
"sort": "こひ",
"tr": "ko₁pi₁"
},
"expansion": "戀 (ko₁pi₁) (kana こひ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Regional Old Japanese",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 14 81",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 9 87",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 10 86",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ko1pi1si",
"word": "戀し"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n比多知散思由可牟加里母我阿我古比乎志留志弖都祁弖伊母尓志良世牟\nPi₁tati sasi yukamu kari moga aga ko₁pi₁ wo sirusite tuge₁te imo ni sirasemu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Same as コ^甲ヒ^乙 (ko₁pi₂) above"
],
"id": "en-戀-ojp-noun-BaU7Q-OW",
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Central Eastern Old Japanese",
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, Central Eastern Old Japanese) Same as コ^甲ヒ^乙 (ko₁pi₂) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(ko₁pi₂) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "コ^甲ヒ^乙"
}
],
"tags": [
"regional"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Man'yōshū"
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "戀: Hán Việt readings: luyến 戀: Nôm readings: luyến",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "luýnh",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Nom",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of luyến (“love, fondness (compounds)”)."
],
"id": "en-戀-vi-character--P9Eje0g",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"luyến",
"luyến#Vietnamese"
],
[
"love",
"love"
],
[
"fondness",
"fondness"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Advanced Mandarin",
"Chinese Han characters",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Chinese verbs",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min verbs",
"Middle Chinese lemmas",
"Old Chinese lemmas"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "sānjiǎo liàn'ài",
"word": "三角戀愛"
},
{
"roman": "sānjiǎo liàn'ài",
"word": "三角恋爱"
},
{
"roman": "jiǔliàn",
"word": "久戀"
},
{
"roman": "jiǔliàn",
"word": "久恋"
},
{
"roman": "yīliàn",
"word": "依戀"
},
{
"roman": "yīliàn",
"word": "依恋"
},
{
"roman": "chūliàn",
"word": "初戀"
},
{
"roman": "chūliàn",
"word": "初恋"
},
{
"roman": "tóngxìngliàn",
"word": "同性戀"
},
{
"roman": "tóngxìngliàn",
"word": "同性恋"
},
{
"roman": "dānliàn",
"word": "單戀"
},
{
"roman": "dānliàn",
"word": "单恋"
},
{
"roman": "shīliàn",
"word": "失戀"
},
{
"roman": "shīliàn",
"word": "失恋"
},
{
"word": "婉戀"
},
{
"word": "婉恋"
},
{
"roman": "shīshēngliàn",
"word": "師生戀"
},
{
"roman": "shīshēngliàn",
"word": "师生恋"
},
{
"word": "思戀"
},
{
"word": "思恋"
},
{
"roman": "àiliàn",
"word": "愛戀"
},
{
"roman": "àiliàn",
"word": "爱恋"
},
{
"word": "懷戀"
},
{
"word": "怀恋"
},
{
"roman": "liànrén",
"word": "戀人"
},
{
"roman": "liànrén",
"word": "恋人"
},
{
"word": "戀土難移"
},
{
"word": "恋土难移"
},
{
"roman": "liànjiā",
"word": "戀家"
},
{
"roman": "liànjiā",
"word": "恋家"
},
{
"roman": "liànqíng",
"word": "戀情"
},
{
"roman": "liànqíng",
"word": "恋情"
},
{
"roman": "liàn'ài",
"word": "戀愛"
},
{
"roman": "liàn'ài",
"word": "恋爱"
},
{
"roman": "liànmù",
"word": "戀慕"
},
{
"roman": "liànmù",
"word": "恋慕"
},
{
"roman": "liànliàn",
"word": "戀戀"
},
{
"roman": "liànliàn",
"word": "恋恋"
},
{
"roman": "liànliànbùshě",
"word": "戀戀不捨"
},
{
"roman": "liànliànbùshě",
"word": "恋恋不舍"
},
{
"word": "戀戀難捨"
},
{
"word": "恋恋难舍"
},
{
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "戀戰"
},
{
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "恋战"
},
{
"word": "戀新忘舊"
},
{
"word": "恋新忘旧"
},
{
"roman": "liànqǔ",
"word": "戀曲"
},
{
"roman": "liànqǔ",
"word": "恋曲"
},
{
"word": "戀枕"
},
{
"word": "恋枕"
},
{
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "戀棧"
},
{
"roman": "liànzhàn",
"word": "恋栈"
},
{
"roman": "liàngē",
"word": "戀歌"
},
{
"roman": "liàngē",
"word": "恋歌"
},
{
"roman": "liànmǔ qíngjié",
"word": "戀母情結"
},
{
"roman": "liànmǔ qíngjié",
"word": "恋母情结"
},
{
"word": "戀父情結"
},
{
"word": "恋父情结"
},
{
"word": "戀生惡死"
},
{
"word": "恋生恶死"
},
{
"roman": "liànjiù",
"word": "戀舊"
},
{
"roman": "liànjiù",
"word": "恋旧"
},
{
"word": "戀酒貪杯"
},
{
"word": "恋酒贪杯"
},
{
"word": "戀酒貪色"
},
{
"word": "恋酒贪色"
},
{
"word": "戀酒貪花"
},
{
"word": "恋酒贪花"
},
{
"word": "戀酒迷花"
},
{
"word": "恋酒迷花"
},
{
"word": "戀闕"
},
{
"word": "恋阙"
},
{
"word": "擇戀"
},
{
"word": "择恋"
},
{
"word": "攀戀"
},
{
"word": "攀恋"
},
{
"word": "晚戀"
},
{
"word": "晚恋"
},
{
"roman": "ànliàn",
"word": "暗戀"
},
{
"roman": "ànliàn",
"word": "暗恋"
},
{
"word": "棧戀"
},
{
"word": "栈恋"
},
{
"word": "無心戀棧"
},
{
"word": "无心恋栈"
},
{
"roman": "rèliàn",
"word": "熱戀"
},
{
"roman": "rèliàn",
"word": "热恋"
},
{
"word": "犬馬之戀"
},
{
"word": "犬马之恋"
},
{
"word": "犬馬戀主"
},
{
"word": "犬马恋主"
},
{
"roman": "liúliàn",
"word": "留戀"
},
{
"roman": "liúliàn",
"word": "留恋"
},
{
"word": "畸戀"
},
{
"word": "畸恋"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngliàn",
"word": "相戀"
},
{
"roman": "xiāngliàn",
"word": "相恋"
},
{
"roman": "juànliàn",
"word": "眷戀"
},
{
"roman": "juànliàn",
"word": "眷恋"
},
{
"word": "瞻天戀闕"
},
{
"word": "瞻天恋阙"
},
{
"roman": "yíqíngbiéliàn",
"word": "移情別戀"
},
{
"roman": "yíqíngbiéliàn",
"word": "移情别恋"
},
{
"word": "網路戀情"
},
{
"word": "网路恋情"
},
{
"word": "繫戀"
},
{
"word": "系恋"
},
{
"word": "罣戀"
},
{
"word": "罣恋"
},
{
"word": "耽花戀酒"
},
{
"word": "耽花恋酒"
},
{
"roman": "zìliàn",
"word": "自戀"
},
{
"roman": "zìliàn",
"word": "自恋"
},
{
"word": "自由戀愛"
},
{
"word": "自由恋爱"
},
{
"word": "良醞可戀"
},
{
"word": "良酝可恋"
},
{
"roman": "tán liàn'ài",
"word": "談戀愛"
},
{
"roman": "tán liàn'ài",
"word": "谈恋爱"
},
{
"roman": "tānliàn",
"word": "貪戀"
},
{
"roman": "tānliàn",
"word": "贪恋"
},
{
"word": "貪花戀酒"
},
{
"word": "贪花恋酒"
},
{
"word": "貼戀"
},
{
"word": "贴恋"
},
{
"roman": "míliàn",
"word": "迷戀"
},
{
"roman": "míliàn",
"word": "迷恋"
},
{
"word": "速食戀愛"
},
{
"word": "速食恋爱"
},
{
"word": "顧戀"
},
{
"word": "顾恋"
},
{
"word": "駑馬戀棧"
},
{
"word": "驽马恋栈"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "形聲",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "形聲／形声",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "Han phono-semantic compounds"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "categorize"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "psc",
"adj": "",
"nocap": "",
"pron": "OC *b·rons"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rons)",
"name": "liushu"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "䜌//",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"tr": "<span style=\"border-bottom: 1px dotted #000; cursor:help\" title=\"Old Chinese\">OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons</span>"
},
"expansion": "䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "心//",
"3": "",
"4": "heart",
"tr": "-"
},
"expansion": "心 (“heart”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "䜌",
"2": "心",
"c1": "p",
"c2": "s",
"ls": "psc",
"t2": "heart"
},
"expansion": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rons) : phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 心 (“heart”)",
"name": "Han compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Phono-semantic compound (形聲／形声, OC *b·rons) : phonetic 䜌 (OC *b·roːn, *b·ron, *b·rons) + semantic 心 (“heart”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "hanzi"
},
"expansion": "戀",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be in love",
"roman": "liàn'ài",
"text": "戀愛／恋爱",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to love"
],
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, or in compounds) to love"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese literary terms",
"Mandarin terms with quotations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to be reluctant to leave",
"roman": "liúliàn",
"text": "留戀／留恋",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "A cageling cherishes the memory of its old forest while pond fish miss their quondam deep pool.",
"ref": "羈鳥戀舊林，池魚思故淵。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "羁鸟恋旧林，池鱼思故渊。 [MSC, simp.]\nFrom: 5th century, Tao Yuanming, 歸園田居·其一\nJīniǎo liàn jiù lín, chíyú sī gù yuān. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to long for; to yearn for; to feel attached to"
],
"links": [
[
"long",
"long"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
],
[
"attached",
"attached"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(literary, or in compounds) to long for; to yearn for; to feel attached to"
],
"tags": [
"in-compounds",
"literary"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄌㄧㄢˋ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Hong-Kong",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "lun²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"zh-pron": "luông"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "loân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Peng'im",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "luang³"
},
{
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "liàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "lien⁴"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyàn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "liann"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "лянь"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "ljanʹ"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "lyun⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyún"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "lyúhn"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lyn²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "lyn⁵"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lün²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "lün⁵"
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn¹³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh-pron": "lun²"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Taicheng",
"Taishanese"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lien"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "lian⁴"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Foochow-Romanized",
"Fuzhou"
],
"zh-pron": "luông"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃uɔŋ²⁴²/",
"tags": [
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "luân"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "loaan"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan¹³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"POJ",
"Teochew"
],
"zh-pron": "luàng"
},
{
"ipa": "/luaŋ²¹³/",
"tags": [
"Sinological-IPA",
"Teochew"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "⁶li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "li^去"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "³li"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu"
],
"zh-pron": "/li²³/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Middle-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "ljwenH"
},
{
"tags": [
"Baxter-Sagart",
"Old-Chinese"
],
"zh-pron": "/*[r]on-s/"
},
{
"tags": [
"Old-Chinese",
"Zhengzhang"
],
"zh-pron": "/*b·rons/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯ɛn⁵¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lyːn¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lun⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li̯en⁵⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/l̃uɔŋ²⁴²/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luan²³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/luaŋ²¹³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/li²³/"
},
{
"other": "[r]"
},
{
"other": "/*b·rons/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "ài",
"sense": "to love",
"word": "愛"
},
{
"roman": "ài",
"sense": "to love",
"word": "爱"
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "恋",
"tags": [
"shinjitai"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese Han characters",
"Japanese kanji with goon reading れん",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading こ-ふ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading こひ",
"Japanese kanji with historical kun reading こひ-しい",
"Japanese kanji with kan'on reading れん",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading こ-う",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading こい",
"Japanese kanji with kun reading こい-しい",
"Japanese kyūjitai spellings",
"Japanese terms spelled with 戀",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with redundant script codes",
"Japanese terms with redundant transliterations",
"Uncommon kanji"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "attract, love",
"word": "恋"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Kyūjitai form of 恋: attract, love"
],
"links": [
[
"Kyūjitai",
"kyūjitai"
],
[
"恋",
"恋#Japanese"
],
[
"attract",
"attract"
],
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"tags": [
"Hyōgai",
"form-of",
"kanji",
"kyūjitai",
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Korean Han characters",
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "사모할 련",
"roman": "samohal ryeon",
"tags": [
"eumhun"
]
},
{
"form": "사모할 연",
"roman": "samohal yeon",
"tags": [
"South-Korea"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "사모할",
"2": "련",
"3": "",
"4": "연"
},
"expansion": "戀 (eumhun 사모할 련 (samohal ryeon), South Korea 사모할 연 (samohal yeon))",
"name": "ko-hanja"
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "love",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“love”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"love",
"love"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "long for, yearn for",
"word": "련/연"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Hanja form of 련/연 (“long for, yearn for”)."
],
"links": [
[
"Hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"련",
"련#Korean"
],
[
"연",
"연#Korean"
],
[
"long for",
"long for"
],
[
"yearn",
"yearn"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"Hanja"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"ojp:Emotions",
"ojp:Love"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ko1pi2si",
"word": "戀し"
},
{
"roman": "ko1pi2su",
"word": "戀す"
},
{
"roman": "ko1pi2 no yatuko1",
"word": "戀の奴"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "恋",
"tr": "こい, koi"
},
"expansion": "Japanese: 恋 (こい, koi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Japanese: 恋 (こい, koi)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "未然形",
"3": "",
"4": "irrealis form",
"tr": "mizenkei"
},
"expansion": "未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "stem or continuative form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "戀ふ",
"3": "",
"4": "to love, yearn",
"tr": "ko₁pu"
},
"expansion": "戀ふ (ko₁pu, “to love, yearn”)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "The 未然形 (mizenkei, “irrealis form”) and 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “stem or continuative form”) of verb 戀ふ (ko₁pu, “to love, yearn”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ko₁pi₂",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "こひ",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"3": "kana",
"4": "こひ",
"sort": "こひ",
"tr": "ko₁pi₂"
},
"expansion": "戀 (ko₁pi₂) (kana こひ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n八百日徃濱之沙毛吾戀二豈不益歟奥嶋守\nyapoka yuku hama no₂ manago₁ no₂ aga ko₁pi₂ ni ani masarazi oki₁ tu simamori\nOn so vast a shore―that one could walk eight hundred days―would the grains of sand number greater than my love, o guardian of the outer isles?",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"love, especially romantic love"
],
"links": [
[
"love",
"love"
],
[
"romantic",
"romantic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Requests for translations of Old Japanese usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n明日香河川余藤不去立霧乃念應過孤悲尓不有國\nAsuka-gapa kapayo₂do₂ sarazu tatu ki₁ri no₂ omopi₁ sugu beki ko₁pi₂ ni aranaku ni",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"longing, yearning"
],
"links": [
[
"longing",
"longing"
],
[
"yearning",
"yearning"
]
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Old Japanese lemmas",
"Old Japanese nouns",
"Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Old Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"ojp:Emotions",
"ojp:Love"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "ko1pi1si",
"word": "戀し"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "東歌",
"lit": "eastern songs",
"tr": "Azuma uta"
},
"expansion": "東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern songs”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"nodots": "1"
},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "C.E."
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "CE",
"name": "CE"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "759 <small class='ce-date'>CE</small>",
"short": "1"
},
"expansion": "c. 759 CE",
"name": "circa2"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨-i₁⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨-i₁⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "⟨-i₂⟩"
},
"expansion": "⟨-i₂⟩",
"name": "IPAfont"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Appears in 東歌 (Azuma uta, literally “eastern songs”) in the Man'yōshū (c. 759 CE).\nThe distinction of ⟨-i₁⟩ and ⟨-i₂⟩ in some Eastern dialects has been lost.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "ko₁pi₁",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "こひ",
"tags": [
"hiragana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "noun",
"3": "kana",
"4": "こひ",
"sort": "こひ",
"tr": "ko₁pi₁"
},
"expansion": "戀 (ko₁pi₁) (kana こひ)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Old Japanese",
"lang_code": "ojp",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Old Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Old Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Regional Old Japanese",
"Requests for translations of Old Japanese usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": ", text here\n比多知散思由可牟加里母我阿我古比乎志留志弖都祁弖伊母尓志良世牟\nPi₁tati sasi yukamu kari moga aga ko₁pi₁ wo sirusite tuge₁te imo ni sirasemu",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Same as コ^甲ヒ^乙 (ko₁pi₂) above"
],
"links": [
[
"regional",
"regional#English"
]
],
"qualifier": "Central Eastern Old Japanese",
"raw_glosses": [
"(regional, Central Eastern Old Japanese) Same as コ^甲ヒ^乙 (ko₁pi₂) above"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"extra": "(ko₁pi₂) above",
"tags": [
"synonym",
"synonym-of"
],
"word": "コ^甲ヒ^乙"
}
],
"tags": [
"regional"
]
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Man'yōshū"
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"lang": "Translingual",
"lang_code": "mul",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Han script characters",
"Translingual entries with incorrect language header",
"Translingual lemmas",
"Translingual symbols",
"Translingual terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Translingual terms with redundant script codes"
],
"glosses": [
"戀 (Kangxi radical 61, 心+19, 23 strokes, cangjie input 女火心 (VFP), four-corner 2233₉, composition ⿱龻心)"
],
"links": [
[
"Kangxi radical",
"Kangxi radical"
],
[
"龻",
"龻#Translingual"
],
[
"心",
"心#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "戀: Hán Việt readings: luyến 戀: Nôm readings: luyến",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "luýnh",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "character",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese Han characters",
"Vietnamese Nom",
"Vietnamese lemmas"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of luyến (“love, fondness (compounds)”)."
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"luyến",
"luyến#Vietnamese"
],
[
"love",
"love"
],
[
"fondness",
"fondness"
]
],
"raw_tags": [
"han"
]
}
],
"word": "戀"
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Shanghai):'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Wugniu)'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Northern)'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
"msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Chinese",
"subsection": "",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1147",
"msg": "suspicious related form tags ['canonical']: '戀: Hán Việt readings: luyến 戀: Nôm readings: luyến' in '戀: Hán Việt readings: luyến 戀: Nôm readings: luyến, luýnh'",
"path": [
"戀"
],
"section": "Vietnamese",
"subsection": "han character",
"title": "戀",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.