"參考" meaning in All languages combined

See 參考 on Wiktionary

Verb [Chinese]

IPA: /t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/ [Cantonese, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/ [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sinological-IPA, Sixian], /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/ [Hakka, Meixian, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((kʰ-))ŋo³³/ [Fuzhou, Sinological-IPA], /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/ [Hokkien, Xiamen, Zhangzhou], /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/ [Hokkien, Kaohsiung], /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/ [Hokkien, Taipei], /t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/ [Hokkien, Quanzhou], /t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/ [Sinological-IPA, Teochew], /t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/, /t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/, /t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/, /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/, /t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((kʰ-))ŋo³³/, /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/, /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/, /t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/, /t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/, /t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/, /t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/ Chinese transliterations: cānkǎo [Mandarin, Pinyin], ㄘㄢ ㄎㄠˇ [Mandarin, bopomofo], caam¹ haau² [Cantonese, Jyutping], chhâm-kháu [Hakka, PFS, Sixian], cam¹ kau³ [Guangdong, Hakka, Meixian], chăng-kō̤, chham-khó [Hokkien, POJ], chham-khóⁿ [Hokkien, POJ], cam¹ kao² [Peng'im, Teochew], ¹tshoe-khau, cānkǎo [Hanyu-Pinyin, Mandarin], cankǎo [Mandarin, Tongyong-Pinyin], tsʻan¹-kʻao³ [Mandarin, Wade-Giles], tsān-kǎu [Mandarin, Yale], tsankao [Gwoyeu-Romatsyh, Mandarin], цанькао [Mandarin, Palladius], canʹkao [Mandarin, Palladius], chāam háau [Cantonese, Yale], tsaam¹ haau² [Cantonese, Pinyin], cam¹ hao² [Cantonese, Guangdong-Romanization], chhâm-kháu [Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Phak-fa-su, Sixian], cam^ˊ kau^ˋ [Hakka, Hakka-Romanization-System, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], cam¹ kau³ [Hagfa-Pinyim, Hakka, Meinong, Miaoli, Sixian], chăng-kō̤ [Foochow-Romanized, Fuzhou], tsham-khó [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zhamqoir [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tsham-khónn [Hokkien, Tai-lo], zhamqvor [Hokkien, Phofsit-Daibuun], tsham kháu [POJ, Teochew], ¹tshoe-khau [Northern, Wu], tshoe^平 khau [Northern, Wu], /t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/ [Northern, Wu] Forms: 参考, 參攷
Head templates: {{zh-verb}} 參考
  1. to reference; to consult; to refer to
    Sense id: en-參考-zh-verb-GzYxIkl8 Categories (other): Intermediate Mandarin Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 36 21 43
  2. to take an examination Categories (topical): Education
    Sense id: en-參考-zh-verb-zgmz8avK Disambiguation of Education: 20 46 34 Categories (other): Intermediate Mandarin Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 36 21 43
  3. refer also to; see Synonyms (refer also to): 參見 (cānjiàn), 参见 (cānjiàn), 參看 (cānkàn), 参看 (cānkàn)
    Sense id: en-參考-zh-verb-d6B2p99p Categories (other): Chinese entries with incorrect language header, Elementary Mandarin, Intermediate Mandarin, Pages with 4 entries, Pages with entries Disambiguation of Chinese entries with incorrect language header: 35 19 46 Disambiguation of Elementary Mandarin: 37 12 51 Disambiguation of Intermediate Mandarin: 36 21 43 Disambiguation of Pages with 4 entries: 28 27 46 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 28 26 46 Disambiguation of 'refer also to': 16 1 83
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 參照 (cānzhào), 参照 (cānzhào), 參看 (cānkàn), 参看 (cānkàn), 參見 (cānjiàn), 参见 (cānjiàn), 參閱 (cānyuè), 参阅 (cānyuè) Derived forms: 僅供參考 (jǐngōngcānkǎo), 仅供参考 (jǐngōngcānkǎo), 參考冊 (chham-khó-chheh) [Min-Nan], 参考册 (chham-khó-chheh) [Min-Nan], 參考文獻 (cānkǎo wénxiàn), 参考文献 (cānkǎo wénxiàn), 參考書 (cānkǎoshū), 参考书 (cānkǎoshū), 參考系 (cānkǎoxì), 参考系 (cānkǎoxì)

soft-redirect [Japanese]

  1. Tags: no-gloss
    Sense id: en-參考-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8

Noun [Korean]

Forms: chamgo [romanization], 참고 [hangeul]
Head templates: {{ko-noun|hangeul=참고}} 參考 • (chamgo) (hangeul 참고)
  1. hanja form of 참고 (“reference; consultation”) Tags: form-of, hanja Form of: 참고 (extra: reference; consultation)

Verb [Vietnamese]

Head templates: {{head|vi|verb|||head=|tr=}} 參考, {{vi-verb|sc=Hani}} 參考
  1. chữ Hán form of tham khảo (“to consult (material); to reference”).
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǐngōngcānkǎo",
      "word": "僅供參考"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "jǐngōngcānkǎo",
      "word": "仅供参考"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chham-khó-chheh",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "參考冊"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "chham-khó-chheh",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "参考册"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkǎo wénxiàn",
      "word": "參考文獻"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkǎo wénxiàn",
      "word": "参考文献"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkǎoshū",
      "word": "參考書"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkǎoshū",
      "word": "参考书"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkǎoxì",
      "word": "參考系"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkǎoxì",
      "word": "参考系"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "参考",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "參攷",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "參考",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 21 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "reference answer",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo dá'àn",
          "text": "參考答案",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "reference answer",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo dá'àn",
          "text": "参考答案",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "reference translation",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo fānyì",
          "text": "參考翻譯",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "reference translation",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo fānyì",
          "text": "参考翻译",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to reference; to consult; to refer to"
      ],
      "id": "en-參考-zh-verb-GzYxIkl8",
      "links": [
        [
          "reference",
          "reference"
        ],
        [
          "consult",
          "consult"
        ],
        [
          "refer",
          "refer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "36 21 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "20 46 34",
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "zh",
          "name": "Education",
          "orig": "zh:Education",
          "parents": [
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take an examination"
      ],
      "id": "en-參考-zh-verb-zgmz8avK",
      "links": [
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "examination",
          "examination"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "35 19 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "37 12 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Elementary Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "36 21 43",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Intermediate Mandarin",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 27 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "28 26 46",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "refer also to; see"
      ],
      "id": "en-參考-zh-verb-d6B2p99p",
      "links": [
        [
          "refer",
          "refer"
        ],
        [
          "see",
          "see"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "16 1 83",
          "roman": "cānjiàn",
          "sense": "refer also to",
          "word": "參見"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 1 83",
          "roman": "cānjiàn",
          "sense": "refer also to",
          "word": "参见"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 1 83",
          "roman": "cānkàn",
          "sense": "refer also to",
          "word": "參看"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "16 1 83",
          "roman": "cānkàn",
          "sense": "refer also to",
          "word": "参看"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cānkǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄢ ㄎㄠˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "caam¹ haau²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhâm-kháu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ kau³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chăng-kō̤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chham-khó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chham-khóⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ kao²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "¹tshoe-khau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cānkǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cankǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsʻan¹-kʻao³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsān-kǎu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsankao"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цанькао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "canʹkao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chāam háau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsaam¹ haau²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ hao²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhâm-kháu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam^ˊ kau^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ kau³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chăng-kō̤"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((kʰ-))ŋo³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsham-khó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhamqoir"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsham-khónn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhamqvor"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsham kháu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹tshoe-khau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshoe^平 khau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((kʰ-))ŋo³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānzhào",
      "word": "參照"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānzhào",
      "word": "参照"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkàn",
      "word": "參看"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānkàn",
      "word": "参看"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānjiàn",
      "word": "參見"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānjiàn",
      "word": "参见"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānyuè",
      "word": "參閱"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "roman": "cānyuè",
      "word": "参阅"
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "参考"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "id": "en-參考-ja-soft-redirect-47DEQpj8",
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chamgo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "참고",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "참고"
      },
      "expansion": "參考 • (chamgo) (hangeul 참고)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with redundant script codes",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reference; consultation",
          "word": "참고"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 참고 (“reference; consultation”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-參考-ko-noun-3eHQQP4A",
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "참고",
          "참고#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "reference",
          "reference"
        ],
        [
          "consultation",
          "consultation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "參考",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "參考",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 4 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of tham khảo (“to consult (material); to reference”)."
      ],
      "id": "en-參考-vi-verb-xYyXE0rB",
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "tham khảo",
          "tham khảo#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "consult",
          "consult"
        ],
        [
          "reference",
          "reference"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Chinese lemmas",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 參",
    "Chinese terms spelled with 考",
    "Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Chinese verbs",
    "Eastern Min lemmas",
    "Eastern Min verbs",
    "Elementary Mandarin",
    "Intermediate Mandarin",
    "Pages with 4 entries",
    "Pages with entries",
    "zh:Education"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "jǐngōngcānkǎo",
      "word": "僅供參考"
    },
    {
      "roman": "jǐngōngcānkǎo",
      "word": "仅供参考"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chham-khó-chheh",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "參考冊"
    },
    {
      "roman": "chham-khó-chheh",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "参考册"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkǎo wénxiàn",
      "word": "參考文獻"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkǎo wénxiàn",
      "word": "参考文献"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkǎoshū",
      "word": "參考書"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkǎoshū",
      "word": "参考书"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkǎoxì",
      "word": "參考系"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkǎoxì",
      "word": "参考系"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "参考",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "參攷",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Traditional Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "參考",
      "name": "zh-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Chinese",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Mandarin terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "reference answer",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo dá'àn",
          "text": "參考答案",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "reference answer",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo dá'àn",
          "text": "参考答案",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "reference translation",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo fānyì",
          "text": "參考翻譯",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "reference translation",
          "raw_tags": [
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "roman": "cānkǎo fānyì",
          "text": "参考翻译",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to reference; to consult; to refer to"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "reference",
          "reference"
        ],
        [
          "consult",
          "consult"
        ],
        [
          "refer",
          "refer"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "to take an examination"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "take",
          "take"
        ],
        [
          "examination",
          "examination"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "refer also to; see"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "refer",
          "refer"
        ],
        [
          "see",
          "see"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cānkǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "ㄘㄢ ㄎㄠˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "caam¹ haau²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "PFS",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhâm-kháu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Guangdong",
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ kau³"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "chăng-kō̤"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chham-khó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chham-khóⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Peng'im",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ kao²"
    },
    {
      "zh-pron": "¹tshoe-khau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hanyu-Pinyin",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cānkǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cankǎo"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Wade-Giles"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsʻan¹-kʻao³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsān-kǎu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsankao"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "цанькао"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "canʹkao"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chāam háau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsaam¹ haau²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ hao²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Phak-fa-su",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chhâm-kháu"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam^ˊ kau^ˋ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hagfa-Pinyim",
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sixian"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "cam¹ kau³"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meinong",
        "Miaoli",
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Sixian"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Meixian",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Foochow-Romanized",
        "Fuzhou"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "chăng-kō̤"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((kʰ-))ŋo³³/",
      "tags": [
        "Fuzhou",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsham-khó"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhamqoir"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Zhangzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Taipei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Tai-lo"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsham-khónn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "zhamqvor"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Hokkien",
        "Quanzhou"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "POJ",
        "Teochew"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tsham kháu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/",
      "tags": [
        "Sinological-IPA",
        "Teochew"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "¹tshoe-khau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "tshoe^平 khau"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Northern",
        "Wu"
      ],
      "zh-pron": "/t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰän⁵⁵ kʰɑʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaːm⁵⁵ haːu̯³⁵/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam²⁴ kʰau̯³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³⁵ kʰau³¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰaŋ⁵⁵⁻⁵³ ^((kʰ-))ŋo³³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻²² kʰo⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰɤ⁴¹/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam⁴⁴⁻³³ kʰo⁵³/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³ kʰɔ̃⁵⁵⁴/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰam³³⁻²³ kʰau⁵²/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/t͡sʰø⁵⁵ kʰɔ²¹/"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "cānzhào",
      "word": "參照"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānzhào",
      "word": "参照"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkàn",
      "word": "參看"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkàn",
      "word": "参看"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānjiàn",
      "word": "參見"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānjiàn",
      "word": "参见"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānyuè",
      "word": "參閱"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānyuè",
      "word": "参阅"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānjiàn",
      "sense": "refer also to",
      "word": "參見"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānjiàn",
      "sense": "refer also to",
      "word": "参见"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkàn",
      "sense": "refer also to",
      "word": "參看"
    },
    {
      "roman": "cānkàn",
      "sense": "refer also to",
      "word": "参看"
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

{
  "lang": "Japanese",
  "lang_code": "ja",
  "pos": "soft-redirect",
  "redirects": [
    "参考"
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "no-gloss"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

{
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "chamgo",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "참고",
      "tags": [
        "hangeul"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "hangeul": "참고"
      },
      "expansion": "參考 • (chamgo) (hangeul 참고)",
      "name": "ko-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Korean",
  "lang_code": "ko",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
        "Korean hanja forms",
        "Korean lemmas",
        "Korean nouns",
        "Korean nouns in Han script",
        "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
        "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "extra": "reference; consultation",
          "word": "참고"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hanja form of 참고 (“reference; consultation”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hanja",
          "hanja#English"
        ],
        [
          "참고",
          "참고#Korean"
        ],
        [
          "reference",
          "reference"
        ],
        [
          "consultation",
          "consultation"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "hanja"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

{
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "verb",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "參考",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "sc": "Hani"
      },
      "expansion": "參考",
      "name": "vi-verb"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 4 entries",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
        "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
        "Vietnamese lemmas",
        "Vietnamese verbs",
        "Vietnamese verbs in Han script"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "chữ Hán form of tham khảo (“to consult (material); to reference”)."
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "chữ Hán",
          "chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "tham khảo",
          "tham khảo#Vietnamese"
        ],
        [
          "consult",
          "consult"
        ],
        [
          "reference",
          "reference"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "參考"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 參考 meaning in All languages combined (7.9kB)

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Sinological IPA (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wugniu'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min (BUC)'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Eastern Min'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'MiniDict'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Southern Min'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wiktionary Romanisation (Shanghai)'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: 'Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu)'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "pronunciations/296/20230324",
  "msg": "Zh-pron header not found in zh_pron_tags or tags: '(Standard Chinese)⁺'",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "page/2196",
  "msg": "parse_linkage_recurse unhandled NodeKind.URL: <URL(['https://wiki.local/w/index.php?action=edit&title=Thesaurus%3A%E5%8F%83%E8%80%83'], ['edit']){} >",
  "path": [
    "參考"
  ],
  "section": "Chinese",
  "subsection": "verb",
  "title": "參考",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.