See 俄羅斯 on Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Orosu",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"ス"
]
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Orosha",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"シャ"
]
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Arasa",
"word": "아라사(俄羅斯)"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "俄羅斯",
"word": "Nga La Tư"
},
{
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Ngozlozswh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠣᡵᠣᠰ",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "Russians; Russia"
},
"expansion": "transliteration of Manchu ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros, “Russians; Russia”)",
"name": "translit"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠋",
"t": "Russians; Russia"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠋ (oros, “Russians; Russia”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "xng",
"3": "",
"sc": "Hani",
"t": "Rus",
"tr": "oros"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol [Han needed] (oros, “Rus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "qwm",
"3": "",
"t": "Rus"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak [Term?] (“Rus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "orv",
"3": "Русь",
"g": "f",
"t": "Rus"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic Русь f (Rusĭ, “Rus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*roocci",
"t": "Swede, Varangian"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *roocci (“Swede, Varangian”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Qing-era Mandarin transliteration of Manchu ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros, “Russians; Russia”), from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠋ (oros, “Russians; Russia”), from Middle Mongol [Han needed] (oros, “Rus”), from Kipchak [Term?] (“Rus”), whence Armeno-Kipchak Որուս (Orus, “Ruthenia”), with vowel-harmonic prothesis o- avoiding initial liquid r-, from Old East Slavic Русь f (Rusĭ, “Rus”), from Proto-Finnic *roocci (“Swede, Varangian”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "俄罗斯",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鄂羅斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "鄂罗斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "峨羅斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "峨罗斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "斡羅思",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese",
"historical"
]
},
{
"form": "斡罗思",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "俄羅斯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Countries in Asia",
"orig": "zh:Countries in Asia",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "place",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Countries in Europe",
"orig": "zh:Countries in Europe",
"parents": [
"Countries",
"Places"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "zh",
"name": "Russia",
"orig": "zh:Russia",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "éluósīrén",
"word": "俄羅斯人"
},
{
"roman": "éluósīrén",
"word": "俄罗斯人"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīwén",
"word": "俄羅斯文"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīwén",
"word": "俄罗斯文"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Fāngkuài",
"word": "俄羅斯方塊"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Fāngkuài",
"word": "俄罗斯方块"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī shālā",
"word": "俄羅斯沙拉"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī shālā",
"word": "俄罗斯沙拉"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"word": "俄羅斯聯邦"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"word": "俄罗斯联邦"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīyǔ",
"word": "俄羅斯語"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīyǔ",
"word": "俄罗斯语"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīlúnpán",
"word": "俄羅斯輪盤"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīlúnpán",
"word": "俄罗斯轮盘"
},
{
"roman": "dà éluósī zhǔyì",
"word": "大俄羅斯主義"
},
{
"roman": "dà éluósī zhǔyì",
"word": "大俄罗斯主义"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"english": "the border between China and Russia",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Zhōngguó hé Éluósī de biānjiè",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "中國和俄羅斯的邊界",
"translation": "the border between China and Russia",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"english": "the border between China and Russia",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Zhōngguó hé Éluósī de biānjiè",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "中国和俄罗斯的边界",
"translation": "the border between China and Russia",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)"
],
"id": "en-俄羅斯-zh-name-jSk-5Jlt",
"links": [
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English:_Q159"
],
[
"transcontinental",
"transcontinental"
],
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"Eastern Europe",
"Eastern Europe#English"
],
[
"North Asia",
"North Asia#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "俄國"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Sokuluk",
"Gansu Dungan"
],
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin"
],
"word": "烏魯斯"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "俄國"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"N. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"N. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Zhudong",
"Hailu"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Zhudong",
"Hailu"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung",
"Dongshi",
"Dabu"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung",
"Dongshi",
"Dabu"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Qionglin",
"Raoping"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Qionglin",
"Raoping"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin",
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin",
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Manila",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "蘇聯"
},
{
"roman": "É",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "俄"
},
{
"roman": "Vurus",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "Вурус"
},
{
"roman": "Éguó",
"word": "俄國"
},
{
"roman": "Éguó",
"word": "俄国"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī",
"word": "俄羅斯"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī",
"word": "俄罗斯"
},
{
"english": "full name of modern Russia",
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"translation": "full name of modern Russia",
"word": "俄羅斯聯邦"
},
{
"english": "full name of modern Russia",
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"translation": "full name of modern Russia",
"word": "俄罗斯联邦"
},
{
"roman": "qìgē",
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "契哥"
},
{
"english": "Yuan Dynasty",
"translation": "Yuan Dynasty",
"word": "斡羅思"
},
{
"english": "Yuan Dynasty",
"translation": "Yuan Dynasty",
"word": "斡罗思"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"roman": "Luóchà",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"obsolete"
],
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "羅剎"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"roman": "Luóchà",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"obsolete"
],
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "罗刹"
},
{
"roman": "Shanghainese",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "羅宋"
},
{
"roman": "Shanghainese",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "罗宋"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"word": "鿡西亞"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"word": "鿡西亚"
},
{
"english": "imprecise",
"roman": "Sūlián",
"tags": [
"broadly",
"informal"
],
"translation": "imprecise",
"word": "蘇聯"
},
{
"english": "imprecise",
"roman": "Sūlián",
"tags": [
"broadly",
"informal"
],
"translation": "imprecise",
"word": "苏联"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "鄂羅斯"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "鄂罗斯"
},
{
"roman": "Lùxīyà",
"tags": [
"Dalian",
"Hakka",
"Mandarin",
"Min-Nan",
"Northeastern",
"dated",
"dialectal"
],
"topics": [
"ACG",
"video-games"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"roman": "Lùxīyà",
"tags": [
"Dalian",
"Hakka",
"Mandarin",
"Min-Nan",
"Northeastern",
"dated",
"dialectal"
],
"topics": [
"ACG",
"video-games"
],
"word": "露西亚"
},
{
"english": "Ming Dynasty",
"translation": "Ming Dynasty",
"word": "魯西亞"
},
{
"english": "Ming Dynasty",
"translation": "Ming Dynasty",
"word": "鲁西亚"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Armeno-Kipchak language",
"Liquid consonant",
"Mandarin",
"Prothesis (linguistics)",
"Qing dynasty",
"Vowel harmony"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Éluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Èluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo³ lo³ lhu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò-lò-sṳ̂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Guangdong"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo² lo² si¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁵ lo⁵ se¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶ngu-lu-sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Éluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "éluósih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "o²-lo²-ssŭ¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "é-lwó-sz̄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "erluosy"
},
{
"roman": "elosy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "элосы"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Èluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "èluósih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "o⁴-lo²-ssŭ¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "è-lwó-sz̄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "ehluosy"
},
{
"roman": "elosy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "элосы"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "ngòh lòh sī"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ xi¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishanese",
"Taicheng",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo³ lo³ lhu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ᵑɡᵘɔ²² lᵘɔ²² ɬu³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishanese",
"Taicheng",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò-lò-sṳ̂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo^ˇ lo^ˇ sii^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo² lo² si¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo¹¹ lo¹¹ sɨ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Guangdong"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo² lo² si¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo¹¹ lo¹¹ sz̩⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo⁵³⁻³³ l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ly⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "goiloisw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡo²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡo¹³⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngôo-lô-sir"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngôo-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ngoloisw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔ̃²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Gôo-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "goloisw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔ²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁵ lo⁵ se¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "ngô lô sṳ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶ngu-lu-sy"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "ngu^去 lu sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "³ngu-lu-sr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋu²² lu⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "俄羅斯"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "俄羅斯",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"ス"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Orosu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "オロス"
},
"expansion": "俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(ス) • (Orosu)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Russia"
],
"id": "en-俄羅斯-ja-name-M6PY7ZKw",
"links": [
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, rare) Russia"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ロシア"
},
{
"word": "露国"
},
{
"word": "魯国"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "俄羅斯"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ru",
"3": "Росси́я"
},
"expansion": "Russian Росси́я (Rossíja)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī), affected by Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "俄羅斯 ^",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"シャ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Orosha",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Orosya",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "オロシヤ",
"roman": "Orosya",
"tags": [
"historical",
"katakana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "オロシャ",
"hkata": "オロシヤ"
},
"expansion": "俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(シャ) • (Orosha) ^(←オロシヤ (Orosya)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "50 50",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
171,
177
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
72,
75
]
],
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), ja:森鷗外, 柵草紙の山房論文:",
"roman": "Bijutsu o hyōshi, bungaku o ronzuru ni atari te, botsurisō o moto to suru mono wa, Doitsu ni bunko Magatsīn no ittō ari, Sukanjinaiya ni Ipusen ga yoryū ari, Igirisu nimo Orosha nimo sono hito aredo, ohomune mina Emiru Zora o mune tosu.",
"ruby": [
[
"美",
"び"
],
[
"術",
"じゅつ"
],
[
"評",
"ひょう"
],
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"學",
"がく"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
],
[
"當",
"あた"
],
[
"沒",
"ぼつ"
],
[
"理",
"り"
],
[
"想",
"そう"
],
[
"基",
"もと"
],
[
"獨逸",
"ドイツ"
],
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"庫",
"こ"
],
[
"Magazin",
"マガツィーン"
],
[
"一黨",
"いっとう"
],
[
"餘",
"よ"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
],
[
"英吉利",
"イギリス"
],
[
"俄羅斯",
"オロシャ"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"概",
"おほむね"
],
[
"皆",
"みな"
],
[
"宗",
"むね"
]
],
"text": "美術を評し、文學を論ずるに當りて、沒理想を基とするものは、獨逸に文庫 Magazin の一黨あり、スカンヂナヰヤにイプセンが餘流あり、英吉利にも俄羅斯にもその人あれど、概皆エミル・ゾラを宗とす。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Russia"
],
"id": "en-俄羅斯-ja-name-M6PY7ZKw1",
"links": [
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, rare) Russia"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞sɨ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞ɕa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Arasa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "아라사",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“(obsolete) Russia”)",
"word": "아라사"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 아라사 (“(obsolete) Russia”)"
],
"id": "en-俄羅斯-ko-name-O8KQwHew",
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"아라사",
"아라사#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "俄羅斯",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "俄羅斯",
"name": "vi-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of Nga La Tư (“(obsolete) Russia”)"
],
"id": "en-俄羅斯-vi-name-Mj3KnFhO",
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Nga La Tư",
"Nga La Tư#Vietnamese:_俄羅斯"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
]
]
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"roman": "éluósīrén",
"word": "俄羅斯人"
},
{
"roman": "éluósīrén",
"word": "俄罗斯人"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīwén",
"word": "俄羅斯文"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīwén",
"word": "俄罗斯文"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Fāngkuài",
"word": "俄羅斯方塊"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Fāngkuài",
"word": "俄罗斯方块"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī shālā",
"word": "俄羅斯沙拉"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī shālā",
"word": "俄罗斯沙拉"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"word": "俄羅斯聯邦"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"word": "俄罗斯联邦"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīyǔ",
"word": "俄羅斯語"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīyǔ",
"word": "俄罗斯语"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīlúnpán",
"word": "俄羅斯輪盤"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósīlúnpán",
"word": "俄罗斯轮盘"
},
{
"roman": "dà éluósī zhǔyì",
"word": "大俄羅斯主義"
},
{
"roman": "dà éluósī zhǔyì",
"word": "大俄罗斯主义"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Orosu",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"ス"
]
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
},
{
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Orosha",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"シャ"
]
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
},
{
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "Arasa",
"word": "아라사(俄羅斯)"
},
{
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"roman": "俄羅斯",
"word": "Nga La Tư"
},
{
"lang": "Zhuang",
"lang_code": "za",
"raw_tags": [
"borrowed"
],
"word": "Ngozlozswh"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "mnc",
"3": "ᠣᡵᠣᠰ",
"nocap": "1",
"t": "Russians; Russia"
},
"expansion": "transliteration of Manchu ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros, “Russians; Russia”)",
"name": "translit"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "cmg",
"3": "ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠋",
"t": "Russians; Russia"
},
"expansion": "Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠋ (oros, “Russians; Russia”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "xng",
"3": "",
"sc": "Hani",
"t": "Rus",
"tr": "oros"
},
"expansion": "Middle Mongol [Han needed] (oros, “Rus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "qwm",
"3": "",
"t": "Rus"
},
"expansion": "Kipchak [Term?] (“Rus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "orv",
"3": "Русь",
"g": "f",
"t": "Rus"
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic Русь f (Rusĭ, “Rus”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "urj-fin-pro",
"3": "*roocci",
"t": "Swede, Varangian"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Finnic *roocci (“Swede, Varangian”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Qing-era Mandarin transliteration of Manchu ᠣᡵᠣᠰ (oros, “Russians; Russia”), from Classical Mongolian ᠣᠷᠣᠰ᠋ (oros, “Russians; Russia”), from Middle Mongol [Han needed] (oros, “Rus”), from Kipchak [Term?] (“Rus”), whence Armeno-Kipchak Որուս (Orus, “Ruthenia”), with vowel-harmonic prothesis o- avoiding initial liquid r-, from Old East Slavic Русь f (Rusĭ, “Rus”), from Proto-Finnic *roocci (“Swede, Varangian”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "俄罗斯",
"tags": [
"Simplified-Chinese"
]
},
{
"form": "鄂羅斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "鄂罗斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "峨羅斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "峨罗斯",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese",
"obsolete"
]
},
{
"form": "斡羅思",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Traditional-Chinese",
"historical"
]
},
{
"form": "斡罗思",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Simplified-Chinese",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "proper noun"
},
"expansion": "俄羅斯",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cantonese lemmas",
"Cantonese proper nouns",
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese proper nouns",
"Chinese terms borrowed from Manchu",
"Chinese terms derived from Classical Mongolian",
"Chinese terms derived from Kipchak",
"Chinese terms derived from Manchu",
"Chinese terms derived from Middle Mongol",
"Chinese terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Chinese terms derived from Proto-Finnic",
"Chinese terms spelled with 俄",
"Chinese terms spelled with 斯",
"Chinese terms spelled with 羅",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese transliterations of Manchu terms",
"Eastern Min lemmas",
"Eastern Min proper nouns",
"Hakka lemmas",
"Hakka proper nouns",
"Hokkien lemmas",
"Hokkien proper nouns",
"Kipchak term requests",
"Mandarin lemmas",
"Mandarin proper nouns",
"Mandarin terms with multiple pronunciations",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for Han script for Middle Mongol terms",
"Taishanese lemmas",
"Taishanese proper nouns",
"Teochew lemmas",
"Teochew proper nouns",
"Vietnamese terms with redundant script codes",
"Wu lemmas",
"Wu proper nouns",
"zh:Countries in Asia",
"zh:Countries in Europe",
"zh:Russia"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"english": "the border between China and Russia",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Zhōngguó hé Éluósī de biānjiè",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Traditional-Chinese"
],
"text": "中國和俄羅斯的邊界",
"translation": "the border between China and Russia",
"type": "example"
},
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
12,
18
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
3,
6
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
29,
35
]
],
"english": "the border between China and Russia",
"raw_tags": [
"MSC"
],
"roman": "Zhōngguó hé Éluósī de biānjiè",
"tags": [
"Pinyin",
"Simplified-Chinese"
],
"text": "中国和俄罗斯的边界",
"translation": "the border between China and Russia",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Russia (a transcontinental country in Eastern Europe and North Asia)"
],
"links": [
[
"Russia",
"Russia#English:_Q159"
],
[
"transcontinental",
"transcontinental"
],
[
"country",
"country"
],
[
"Eastern Europe",
"Eastern Europe#English"
],
[
"North Asia",
"North Asia#English"
]
],
"wikipedia": [
"Armeno-Kipchak language",
"Liquid consonant",
"Mandarin",
"Prothesis (linguistics)",
"Qing dynasty",
"Vowel harmony"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Éluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Èluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishan",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo³ lo³ lhu¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò-lò-sṳ̂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Guangdong"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo² lo² si¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁵ lo⁵ se¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶ngu-lu-sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Éluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˊ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "éluósih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "o²-lo²-ssŭ¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "é-lwó-sz̄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "erluosy"
},
{
"roman": "elosy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "элосы"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ³⁵ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"Mainland-China",
"standard",
"Taiwan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "Èluósī"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Bopomofo"
],
"zh_pron": "ㄜˋ ㄌㄨㄛˊ ㄙ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "èluósih"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh_pron": "o⁴-lo²-ssŭ¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "è-lwó-sz̄"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
],
"zh_pron": "ehluosy"
},
{
"roman": "elosy",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Palladius"
],
"zh_pron": "элосы"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˀɤ⁵¹ lu̯ɔ³⁵ sz̩⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Standard-Chinese",
"variant",
"common",
"Taiwan",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Yale"
],
"zh_pron": "ngòh lòh sī"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ si¹"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁴ lo⁴ xi¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔː²¹ lɔː²¹ siː⁵⁵/",
"raw_tags": [
"Standard-Cantonese",
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishanese",
"Taicheng",
"Wiktionary-specific"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo³ lo³ lhu¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ᵑɡᵘɔ²² lᵘɔ²² ɬu³³/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Taishanese",
"Taicheng",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Phak-fa-su"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò-lò-sṳ̂"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hakka-Romanization-System"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo^ˇ lo^ˇ sii^ˊ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Hagfa-Pinyim"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo² lo² si¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo¹¹ lo¹¹ sɨ²⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Sixian",
"Miaoli",
"Neipu",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Guangdong"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo² lo² si¹"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo¹¹ lo¹¹ sz̩⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meixian",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Foochow-Romanized"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngò̤-lò̤-sṳ̆"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo⁵³⁻³³ l̃o⁵³⁻³³ ⁽ˢ⁻⁾ly⁵⁵/",
"tags": [
"Min-Dong",
"Fuzhou",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô-lô-su"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "goiloisw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡo²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡo¹³⁻²² lo¹³⁻²² su⁴⁴/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen",
"Zhangzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-sir"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngôo-lô-sir"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻²² lo²⁴⁻²² sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou",
"IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Ngôo-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "ngoloisw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔ̃²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋɔ̃²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "Gô͘-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh_pron": "Gôo-lô-su"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh_pron": "goloisw"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔ²³⁻³³ lɤ²³⁻³³ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɡɔ²⁴⁻¹¹ lo²⁴⁻¹¹ su⁴⁴/",
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Hokkien",
"IPA",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Peng'im"
],
"zh_pron": "ngo⁵ lo⁵ se¹"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"POJ"
],
"zh_pron": "ngô lô sṳ"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ lo⁵⁵⁻¹¹ sɯ³³/",
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Teochew",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Wugniu"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "⁶ngu-lu-sy"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"MiniDict"
],
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai"
],
"zh_pron": "ngu^去 lu sy"
},
{
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Wiktionary-specific",
"romanization"
],
"zh_pron": "³ngu-lu-sr"
},
{
"ipa": "/ŋu²² lu⁵⁵ sz̩²¹/",
"tags": [
"Wu",
"Northern",
"Shanghai",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"tags": [
"Northeastern-Mandarin",
"Taiwan"
],
"word": "俄國"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Sokuluk",
"Gansu Dungan"
],
"tags": [
"Central-Plains-Mandarin"
],
"word": "烏魯斯"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hong Kong"
],
"tags": [
"Cantonese"
],
"word": "俄國"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"N. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"N. Sixian"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Miaoli"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Zhudong",
"Hailu"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Zhudong",
"Hailu"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung",
"Dongshi",
"Dabu"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Taichung",
"Dongshi",
"Dabu"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Qionglin",
"Raoping"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"Hsinchu County"
],
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Qionglin",
"Raoping"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin",
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Yunlin",
"Lunbei",
"Zhao'an"
],
"word": "俄羅"
},
{
"raw_tags": [
"General Taiwanese (no specific region identified)"
],
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Taipei"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"tags": [
"Min-Nan",
"Manila",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "蘇聯"
},
{
"roman": "É",
"tags": [
"abbreviation"
],
"word": "俄"
},
{
"roman": "Vurus",
"tags": [
"Dungan"
],
"word": "Вурус"
},
{
"roman": "Éguó",
"word": "俄國"
},
{
"roman": "Éguó",
"word": "俄国"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī",
"word": "俄羅斯"
},
{
"roman": "Éluósī",
"word": "俄罗斯"
},
{
"english": "full name of modern Russia",
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"translation": "full name of modern Russia",
"word": "俄羅斯聯邦"
},
{
"english": "full name of modern Russia",
"roman": "Éluósī Liánbāng",
"translation": "full name of modern Russia",
"word": "俄罗斯联邦"
},
{
"roman": "qìgē",
"tags": [
"Hong-Kong",
"Internet",
"derogatory"
],
"word": "契哥"
},
{
"english": "Yuan Dynasty",
"translation": "Yuan Dynasty",
"word": "斡羅思"
},
{
"english": "Yuan Dynasty",
"translation": "Yuan Dynasty",
"word": "斡罗思"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"roman": "Luóchà",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"obsolete"
],
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "羅剎"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"roman": "Luóchà",
"tags": [
"derogatory",
"obsolete"
],
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "罗刹"
},
{
"roman": "Shanghainese",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "羅宋"
},
{
"roman": "Shanghainese",
"tags": [
"dated"
],
"word": "罗宋"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"word": "鿡西亞"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty, Orthodox Christian",
"word": "鿡西亚"
},
{
"english": "imprecise",
"roman": "Sūlián",
"tags": [
"broadly",
"informal"
],
"translation": "imprecise",
"word": "蘇聯"
},
{
"english": "imprecise",
"roman": "Sūlián",
"tags": [
"broadly",
"informal"
],
"translation": "imprecise",
"word": "苏联"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "鄂羅斯"
},
{
"english": "Qing Dynasty",
"translation": "Qing Dynasty",
"word": "鄂罗斯"
},
{
"roman": "Lùxīyà",
"tags": [
"Dalian",
"Hakka",
"Mandarin",
"Min-Nan",
"Northeastern",
"dated",
"dialectal"
],
"topics": [
"ACG",
"video-games"
],
"word": "露西亞"
},
{
"roman": "Lùxīyà",
"tags": [
"Dalian",
"Hakka",
"Mandarin",
"Min-Nan",
"Northeastern",
"dated",
"dialectal"
],
"topics": [
"ACG",
"video-games"
],
"word": "露西亚"
},
{
"english": "Ming Dynasty",
"translation": "Ming Dynasty",
"word": "魯西亞"
},
{
"english": "Ming Dynasty",
"translation": "Ming Dynasty",
"word": "鲁西亚"
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Russian",
"Japanese terms derived from Mandarin",
"Japanese terms derived from Russian",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese words with multiple readings",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "俄羅斯"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "俄羅斯",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"ス"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Orosu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "オロス"
},
"expansion": "俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(ス) • (Orosu)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese dated terms",
"Japanese terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"Russia"
],
"links": [
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, rare) Russia"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ロシア"
},
{
"word": "露国"
},
{
"word": "魯国"
}
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese proper nouns",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Mandarin",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Russian",
"Japanese terms derived from Mandarin",
"Japanese terms derived from Russian",
"Japanese terms spelled with jinmeiyō kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji",
"Japanese terms with 3 kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation missing pitch accent",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese words with multiple readings",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "cmn",
"3": "俄羅斯"
},
"expansion": "Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī)",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ru",
"3": "Росси́я"
},
"expansion": "Russian Росси́я (Rossíja)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Mandarin 俄羅斯 /俄罗斯 (Éluósī), affected by Russian Росси́я (Rossíja).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "俄羅斯 ^",
"ruby": [
[
"俄",
"オ"
],
[
"羅",
"ロ"
],
[
"斯",
"シャ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "Orosha",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "Orosya",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "オロシヤ",
"roman": "Orosya",
"tags": [
"historical",
"katakana"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "proper",
"2": "オロシャ",
"hkata": "オロシヤ"
},
"expansion": "俄(オ)羅(ロ)斯(シャ) • (Orosha) ^(←オロシヤ (Orosya)?)",
"name": "ja-pos"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese dated terms",
"Japanese terms with rare senses",
"Japanese terms with usage examples",
"Requests for date",
"Requests for translations of Japanese usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_roman_offsets": [
[
171,
177
]
],
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
72,
75
]
],
"ref": "(Can we date this quote?), ja:森鷗外, 柵草紙の山房論文:",
"roman": "Bijutsu o hyōshi, bungaku o ronzuru ni atari te, botsurisō o moto to suru mono wa, Doitsu ni bunko Magatsīn no ittō ari, Sukanjinaiya ni Ipusen ga yoryū ari, Igirisu nimo Orosha nimo sono hito aredo, ohomune mina Emiru Zora o mune tosu.",
"ruby": [
[
"美",
"び"
],
[
"術",
"じゅつ"
],
[
"評",
"ひょう"
],
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"學",
"がく"
],
[
"論",
"ろん"
],
[
"當",
"あた"
],
[
"沒",
"ぼつ"
],
[
"理",
"り"
],
[
"想",
"そう"
],
[
"基",
"もと"
],
[
"獨逸",
"ドイツ"
],
[
"文",
"ぶん"
],
[
"庫",
"こ"
],
[
"Magazin",
"マガツィーン"
],
[
"一黨",
"いっとう"
],
[
"餘",
"よ"
],
[
"流",
"りゅう"
],
[
"英吉利",
"イギリス"
],
[
"俄羅斯",
"オロシャ"
],
[
"人",
"ひと"
],
[
"概",
"おほむね"
],
[
"皆",
"みな"
],
[
"宗",
"むね"
]
],
"text": "美術を評し、文學を論ずるに當りて、沒理想を基とするものは、獨逸に文庫 Magazin の一黨あり、スカンヂナヰヤにイプセンが餘流あり、英吉利にも俄羅斯にもその人あれど、概皆エミル・ゾラを宗とす。",
"type": "quote"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Russia"
],
"links": [
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dated, rare) Russia"
],
"tags": [
"dated",
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞sɨ]"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞ɕa̠]"
},
{
"ipa": "[o̞ɾo̞sɨ]"
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "Arasa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "아라사",
"tags": [
"hangeul"
]
}
],
"lang": "Korean",
"lang_code": "ko",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Korean entries with incorrect language header",
"Korean hanja forms",
"Korean lemmas",
"Korean proper nouns",
"Korean proper nouns in Han script",
"Korean terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Korean terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "(“(obsolete) Russia”)",
"word": "아라사"
}
],
"glosses": [
"hanja form of 아라사 (“(obsolete) Russia”)"
],
"links": [
[
"hanja",
"hanja#English"
],
[
"아라사",
"아라사#Korean"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"hanja"
]
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
{
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "proper noun",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "俄羅斯",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"sc": "Hani"
},
"expansion": "俄羅斯",
"name": "vi-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese Chữ Hán",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese proper nouns",
"Vietnamese proper nouns in Han script"
],
"glosses": [
"chữ Hán form of Nga La Tư (“(obsolete) Russia”)"
],
"links": [
[
"chữ Hán",
"chữ Hán#Vietnamese"
],
[
"Nga La Tư",
"Nga La Tư#Vietnamese:_俄羅斯"
],
[
"Russia",
"Russia"
]
]
}
],
"word": "俄羅斯"
}
Download raw JSONL data for 俄羅斯 meaning in All languages combined (23.5kB)
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-09-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-23 using wiktextract (20da82b and a97feda). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.