See 仮名 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 仮名 meaning in All languages combined (18.6kB)
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "real name; alias",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
],
[
"本名",
"ほんみょう"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of",
"word": "実名: actual name; 本名"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かりな"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借る"
},
"expansion": "借る",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借りる"
},
"expansion": "借りる",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "仮",
"3": "字",
"pos1": "cognate with verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">借る</i> karu, “to borrow”, the Old Japanese form of modern <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">借りる</i> kariru",
"sort": "かな",
"t1": "borrowing; provisional thing",
"t2": "name, character",
"tr1": "kari",
"tr2": "na"
},
"expansion": "仮 (kari, “borrowing; provisional thing”, cognate with verb 借る karu, “to borrow”, the Old Japanese form of modern 借りる kariru) + 字 (na, “name, character”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "真名",
"3": "",
"4": "true name, true character",
"tr": "mana"
},
"expansion": "真名 (mana, “true name, true character”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢字",
"tr": "kanji"
},
"expansion": "漢字 (kanji)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Compound of 仮 (kari, “borrowing; provisional thing”, cognate with verb 借る karu, “to borrow”, the Old Japanese form of modern 借りる kariru) + 字 (na, “name, character”), from the way that Chinese characters were borrowed for their phonetic values to spell out the sounds of native Japanese words.\nIn contrast to 真名 (mana, “true name, true character”), a synonym for 漢字 (kanji), indicating Chinese characters used for the meaning instead of for their sound.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"かり"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "karina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かりな"
},
"expansion": "仮(かり)名(な) • (karina)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 11 5 11 5 16 13 7 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "58 34 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 2 12 5 12 5 15 12 7 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-Hb8wT-A7",
"links": [
[
"syllabary",
"syllabary"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-dbZ9HvO7",
"links": [
[
"syllabogram",
"syllabogram"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a temporary name, an alias"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-F-wr4hGW",
"links": [
[
"temporary",
"temporary"
],
[
"alias",
"alias"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "5 7 89",
"english": "false or fictitious name",
"roman": "henmei",
"ruby": [
[
"変名",
"へんめい"
],
[
"偽名",
"ぎめい"
]
],
"sense": "alias",
"word": "変名: changed name; 偽名"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かりな"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɾʲina̠]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "/karina/ → /kanna/\nContraction of karina above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"かん"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kanna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かんな"
},
"expansion": "仮(かん)名(な) • (kanna)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 11 5 11 5 16 13 7 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 2 12 5 12 5 15 12 7 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-Hb8wT-A71",
"links": [
[
"syllabary",
"syllabary"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-dbZ9HvO71",
"links": [
[
"syllabogram",
"syllabogram"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kã̠nːa̠]"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "furigana",
"ruby": [
[
"振",
"ふ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "振り仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "hentaigana",
"ruby": [
[
"変体仮名",
"へんたいがな"
]
],
"word": "変体仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"ruby": [
[
"平仮名",
"ひらがな"
]
],
"tags": [
"hiragana"
],
"word": "平仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "irohagana",
"ruby": [
[
"以呂波仮名",
"いろはがな"
]
],
"word": "以呂波仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "itaigana",
"ruby": [
[
"異体仮名",
"いたいがな"
]
],
"word": "異体仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "jōdaigana",
"ruby": [
[
"上代仮名",
"じょうだいがな"
]
],
"word": "上代仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kanabumi",
"ruby": [
[
"仮名文",
"かなぶみ"
]
],
"word": "仮名文"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"ruby": [
[
"片仮名",
"かたかな"
]
],
"tags": [
"katakana"
],
"word": "片仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "kungana",
"ruby": [
[
"訓仮名",
"くんがな"
]
],
"word": "訓仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "magana",
"ruby": [
[
"真仮名",
"まがな"
]
],
"word": "真仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "mamegana",
"ruby": [
[
"豆仮名",
"まめがな"
]
],
"word": "豆仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "man'yōgana",
"ruby": [
[
"万葉仮名",
"まんようがな"
]
],
"word": "万葉仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "okurigana",
"ruby": [
[
"送",
"おく"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "送り仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ongana",
"ruby": [
[
"音仮名",
"おんがな"
]
],
"word": "音仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "onnagana",
"ruby": [
[
"女仮名",
"おんながな"
]
],
"word": "女仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "otokogana",
"ruby": [
[
"男仮名",
"おとこがな"
]
],
"word": "男仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sōgana",
"ruby": [
[
"草仮名",
"そうがな"
]
],
"word": "草仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sukegana",
"ruby": [
[
"助仮名",
"すけがな"
]
],
"word": "助仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sutegana",
"ruby": [
[
"捨",
"す"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "捨て仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "uragana",
"ruby": [
[
"裏仮名",
"うらがな"
]
],
"word": "裏仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "sōgana",
"ruby": [
[
"総仮名",
"そうがな"
]
],
"word": "総仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "tsukegana",
"ruby": [
[
"付",
"つ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "付け仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yomigana",
"ruby": [
[
"読",
"よ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "読み仮名"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "yotsugana",
"ruby": [
[
"四",
"よ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "四つ仮名"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "/karina/ → /kanna/ → /kana/\nContraction of kanna above. The reading may appear to be jūbakoyomi, but is instead actually an irregular development of the kun'yomi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"か"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kana",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かな"
},
"expansion": "仮(か)名(な) • (kana)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 11 5 11 5 16 13 7 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 2 12 5 12 5 15 12 7 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-Hb8wT-A71",
"links": [
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-dbZ9HvO71",
"links": [
[
"syllabogram",
"syllabogram"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かな"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠na̠]"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "actual name",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
]
],
"word": "実名"
},
{
"english": "real name",
"roman": "honmyō",
"ruby": [
[
"本名",
"ほんみょう"
]
],
"word": "本名"
}
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "",
"sort": "かめい"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "假名",
"lit": "borrowed; false + name"
},
"expansion": "假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "假名",
"tr": "kæ^X mjieng"
},
"expansion": "假名 (kæ^X mjieng)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese [Term?] 假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”) 假名 (kæ^X mjieng). The kan'on reading, so probably a somewhat later borrowing from Chinese. Compare modern Cantonese reading gaa² meng⁴⁻².",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"か"
],
[
"名",
"めい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamei",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かめい"
},
"expansion": "仮(か)名(めい) • (kamei)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 1 6 5 6 5 21 17 9 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 1 10 6 10 6 17 13 8 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 1 9 5 9 5 17 14 8 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 11 5 11 5 16 13 7 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 1 8 4 8 4 20 16 9 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 1 7 4 7 4 21 17 8 15 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 2 12 5 12 5 15 12 7 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pseudonym, alias, sobriquet, pen name"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-MpJVZolt",
"links": [
[
"pseudonym",
"pseudonym"
],
[
"alias",
"alias"
],
[
"sobriquet",
"sobriquet"
],
[
"pen name",
"pen name"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "false or name",
"roman": "henmei",
"ruby": [
[
"変名",
"へんめい"
],
[
"偽名",
"ぎめい"
]
],
"word": "変名: changed name; 偽名"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かめー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠me̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "real name; alias",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
],
[
"本名",
"ほんみょう"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of",
"word": "実名: actual name; 本名"
},
{
"english": "actual name",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of “public name”",
"word": "実名"
}
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "けみょう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "假名",
"lit": "borrowed; false + name"
},
"expansion": "假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "假名",
"lit": "borrowed; false + name",
"tr": "kæ^X mjieng"
},
"expansion": "假名 (kæ^X mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रज्ञप्ति",
"3": "",
"4": "appointing → provisional naming"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रज्ञप्ति (prajñapti, “appointing → provisional naming”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kemjau/ → /kemjɔː/ → /kemjoː/\nFrom Middle Chinese 假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”) 假名 (kæ^X mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”). The goon reading, so probably an earlier borrowing from Chinese. Compare modern Min Nan reading ké-miâ.\nThe Buddhist sense derives from use of this term in Chinese as a translation of Sanskrit प्रज्ञप्ति (prajñapti, “appointing → provisional naming”), used in some Buddhist schools to refer to the practice of conceptualising and naming things that are not real.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"け"
],
[
"名",
"みょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kemyō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kemyau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "けみやう",
"roman": "kemyau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "けみょう",
"hhira": "けみやう"
},
"expansion": "仮(け)名(みょう) • (kemyō) ^(←けみやう (kemyau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 1 6 5 6 5 21 17 9 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 1 10 6 10 6 17 13 8 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 1 9 5 9 5 17 14 8 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 11 5 11 5 16 13 7 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 1 8 4 8 4 20 16 9 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 1 7 4 7 4 21 17 8 15 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 2 12 5 12 5 15 12 7 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a pseudonym, an alias, sobriquet, pen name"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-WCTja~lM",
"links": [
[
"pseudonym",
"pseudonym"
],
[
"alias",
"alias"
],
[
"sobriquet",
"sobriquet"
],
[
"pen name",
"pen name"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "60 12 23 5",
"english": "false name",
"roman": "henmei",
"ruby": [
[
"変名",
"へんめい"
],
[
"偽名",
"ぎめい"
]
],
"sense": "pseudonym",
"word": "変名: changed name; 偽名"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in feudal Japan, a public name given to boys upon coming of age, after which their birth names would be kept private"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-s75V4xk7",
"links": [
[
"feudal",
"feudal"
],
[
"public",
"public"
],
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"coming of age",
"coming of age"
],
[
"private",
"private"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "17 54 25 4",
"english": "popular or everyday appellation",
"roman": "tsūshō",
"ruby": [
[
"呼",
"よ"
],
[
"名",
"な"
],
[
"通称",
"つうしょう"
],
[
"俗称",
"ぞくしょう"
]
],
"sense": "public name",
"word": "呼び名: calling or addressing name; 通称: common appellation; 俗称"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 5 1 6 5 6 5 21 17 9 16 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 6 1 10 6 10 6 17 13 8 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 5 1 9 5 9 5 17 14 8 12 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 5 2 11 5 11 5 16 13 7 12 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 4 1 8 4 8 4 20 16 9 13 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 4 1 7 4 7 4 21 17 8 15 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 5 2 12 5 12 5 15 12 7 11 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese words with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a provisional name given to someone when the real name is unknown: compare English Jane Doe, John Doe"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-QH4yGEyY",
"links": [
[
"provisional",
"provisional"
],
[
"Jane Doe",
"Jane Doe#English"
],
[
"John Doe",
"John Doe#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Buddhism",
"orig": "ja:Buddhism",
"parents": [
"Religion",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the conceptualisation and provisional naming of things that are not real; something so named"
],
"id": "en-仮名-ja-noun-q9mMHidN",
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"conceptualisation",
"conceptualisation"
],
[
"provisional",
"provisional"
],
[
"naming",
"naming"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) the conceptualisation and provisional naming of things that are not real; something so named"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "けみょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ke̞mʲo̞ː]"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "real name; alias",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
],
[
"本名",
"ほんみょう"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of",
"word": "実名: actual name; 本名"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese words with multiple readings"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ojp",
"3": "-",
"sort": "かりな"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借る"
},
"expansion": "借る",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ojp",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Japanese",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "借りる"
},
"expansion": "借りる",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "仮",
"3": "字",
"pos1": "cognate with verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">借る</i> karu, “to borrow”, the Old Japanese form of modern <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">借りる</i> kariru",
"sort": "かな",
"t1": "borrowing; provisional thing",
"t2": "name, character",
"tr1": "kari",
"tr2": "na"
},
"expansion": "仮 (kari, “borrowing; provisional thing”, cognate with verb 借る karu, “to borrow”, the Old Japanese form of modern 借りる kariru) + 字 (na, “name, character”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "真名",
"3": "",
"4": "true name, true character",
"tr": "mana"
},
"expansion": "真名 (mana, “true name, true character”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "漢字",
"tr": "kanji"
},
"expansion": "漢字 (kanji)",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old Japanese. Compound of 仮 (kari, “borrowing; provisional thing”, cognate with verb 借る karu, “to borrow”, the Old Japanese form of modern 借りる kariru) + 字 (na, “name, character”), from the way that Chinese characters were borrowed for their phonetic values to spell out the sounds of native Japanese words.\nIn contrast to 真名 (mana, “true name, true character”), a synonym for 漢字 (kanji), indicating Chinese characters used for the meaning instead of for their sound.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"かり"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "karina",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かりな"
},
"expansion": "仮(かり)名(な) • (karina)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana"
],
"links": [
[
"syllabary",
"syllabary"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana"
],
"links": [
[
"syllabogram",
"syllabogram"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a temporary name, an alias"
],
"links": [
[
"temporary",
"temporary"
],
[
"alias",
"alias"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かりな"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠ɾʲina̠]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "false or fictitious name",
"roman": "henmei",
"ruby": [
[
"変名",
"へんめい"
],
[
"偽名",
"ぎめい"
]
],
"sense": "alias",
"word": "変名: changed name; 偽名"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese words with multiple readings"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_text": "/karina/ → /kanna/\nContraction of karina above.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"かん"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kanna",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かんな"
},
"expansion": "仮(かん)名(な) • (kanna)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana"
],
"links": [
[
"syllabary",
"syllabary"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana"
],
"links": [
[
"syllabogram",
"syllabogram"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kã̠nːa̠]"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese words with multiple readings"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "furigana",
"ruby": [
[
"振",
"ふ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "振り仮名"
},
{
"roman": "hentaigana",
"ruby": [
[
"変体仮名",
"へんたいがな"
]
],
"word": "変体仮名"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"平仮名",
"ひらがな"
]
],
"tags": [
"hiragana"
],
"word": "平仮名"
},
{
"roman": "irohagana",
"ruby": [
[
"以呂波仮名",
"いろはがな"
]
],
"word": "以呂波仮名"
},
{
"roman": "itaigana",
"ruby": [
[
"異体仮名",
"いたいがな"
]
],
"word": "異体仮名"
},
{
"roman": "jōdaigana",
"ruby": [
[
"上代仮名",
"じょうだいがな"
]
],
"word": "上代仮名"
},
{
"roman": "kanabumi",
"ruby": [
[
"仮名文",
"かなぶみ"
]
],
"word": "仮名文"
},
{
"ruby": [
[
"片仮名",
"かたかな"
]
],
"tags": [
"katakana"
],
"word": "片仮名"
},
{
"roman": "kungana",
"ruby": [
[
"訓仮名",
"くんがな"
]
],
"word": "訓仮名"
},
{
"roman": "magana",
"ruby": [
[
"真仮名",
"まがな"
]
],
"word": "真仮名"
},
{
"roman": "mamegana",
"ruby": [
[
"豆仮名",
"まめがな"
]
],
"word": "豆仮名"
},
{
"roman": "man'yōgana",
"ruby": [
[
"万葉仮名",
"まんようがな"
]
],
"word": "万葉仮名"
},
{
"roman": "okurigana",
"ruby": [
[
"送",
"おく"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "送り仮名"
},
{
"roman": "ongana",
"ruby": [
[
"音仮名",
"おんがな"
]
],
"word": "音仮名"
},
{
"roman": "onnagana",
"ruby": [
[
"女仮名",
"おんながな"
]
],
"word": "女仮名"
},
{
"roman": "otokogana",
"ruby": [
[
"男仮名",
"おとこがな"
]
],
"word": "男仮名"
},
{
"roman": "sōgana",
"ruby": [
[
"草仮名",
"そうがな"
]
],
"word": "草仮名"
},
{
"roman": "sukegana",
"ruby": [
[
"助仮名",
"すけがな"
]
],
"word": "助仮名"
},
{
"roman": "sutegana",
"ruby": [
[
"捨",
"す"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "捨て仮名"
},
{
"roman": "uragana",
"ruby": [
[
"裏仮名",
"うらがな"
]
],
"word": "裏仮名"
},
{
"roman": "sōgana",
"ruby": [
[
"総仮名",
"そうがな"
]
],
"word": "総仮名"
},
{
"roman": "tsukegana",
"ruby": [
[
"付",
"つ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "付け仮名"
},
{
"roman": "yomigana",
"ruby": [
[
"読",
"よ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "読み仮名"
},
{
"roman": "yotsugana",
"ruby": [
[
"四",
"よ"
],
[
"仮名",
"がな"
]
],
"word": "四つ仮名"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_text": "/karina/ → /kanna/ → /kana/\nContraction of kanna above. The reading may appear to be jūbakoyomi, but is instead actually an irregular development of the kun'yomi.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"か"
],
[
"名",
"な"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kana",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かな"
},
"expansion": "仮(か)名(な) • (kana)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a category of Japanese syllabary scripts: kana"
],
"links": [
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a syllabogram, an individual character belonging to one of the syllabaries: kana"
],
"links": [
[
"syllabogram",
"syllabogram"
],
[
"kana",
"kana"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かな"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠na̠]"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "actual name",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
]
],
"word": "実名"
},
{
"english": "real name",
"roman": "honmyō",
"ruby": [
[
"本名",
"ほんみょう"
]
],
"word": "本名"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese words with multiple readings",
"Middle Chinese term requests"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "",
"sort": "かめい"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese [Term?]",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "假名",
"lit": "borrowed; false + name"
},
"expansion": "假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "假名",
"tr": "kæ^X mjieng"
},
"expansion": "假名 (kæ^X mjieng)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "yue",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Cantonese",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese [Term?] 假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”) 假名 (kæ^X mjieng). The kan'on reading, so probably a somewhat later borrowing from Chinese. Compare modern Cantonese reading gaa² meng⁴⁻².",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"か"
],
[
"名",
"めい"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kamei",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "かめい"
},
"expansion": "仮(か)名(めい) • (kamei)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"pseudonym, alias, sobriquet, pen name"
],
"links": [
[
"pseudonym",
"pseudonym"
],
[
"alias",
"alias"
],
[
"sobriquet",
"sobriquet"
],
[
"pen name",
"pen name"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "かめー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ka̠me̞ː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "false or name",
"roman": "henmei",
"ruby": [
[
"変名",
"へんめい"
],
[
"偽名",
"ぎめい"
]
],
"word": "変名: changed name; 偽名"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"english": "real name; alias",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
],
[
"本名",
"ほんみょう"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of",
"word": "実名: actual name; 本名"
},
{
"english": "actual name",
"roman": "jitsumei",
"ruby": [
[
"実名",
"じつめい"
]
],
"sense": "antonym(s) of “public name”",
"word": "実名"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant alt parameters",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with fifth grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese words with multiple readings"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "けみょう"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "假名",
"lit": "borrowed; false + name"
},
"expansion": "假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "假名",
"lit": "borrowed; false + name",
"tr": "kæ^X mjieng"
},
"expansion": "假名 (kæ^X mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nan",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Min Nan",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "प्रज्ञप्ति",
"3": "",
"4": "appointing → provisional naming"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit प्रज्ञप्ति (prajñapti, “appointing → provisional naming”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "/kemjau/ → /kemjɔː/ → /kemjoː/\nFrom Middle Chinese 假名 (MC kaeX|kaeH mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”) 假名 (kæ^X mjieng, literally “borrowed; false + name”). The goon reading, so probably an earlier borrowing from Chinese. Compare modern Min Nan reading ké-miâ.\nThe Buddhist sense derives from use of this term in Chinese as a translation of Sanskrit प्रज्ञप्ति (prajñapti, “appointing → provisional naming”), used in some Buddhist schools to refer to the practice of conceptualising and naming things that are not real.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "仮名",
"ruby": [
[
"仮",
"け"
],
[
"名",
"みょう"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kemyō",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "kemyau",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "けみやう",
"roman": "kemyau",
"tags": [
"hiragana",
"historical"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "けみょう",
"hhira": "けみやう"
},
"expansion": "仮(け)名(みょう) • (kemyō) ^(←けみやう (kemyau)?)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"a pseudonym, an alias, sobriquet, pen name"
],
"links": [
[
"pseudonym",
"pseudonym"
],
[
"alias",
"alias"
],
[
"sobriquet",
"sobriquet"
],
[
"pen name",
"pen name"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"in feudal Japan, a public name given to boys upon coming of age, after which their birth names would be kept private"
],
"links": [
[
"feudal",
"feudal"
],
[
"public",
"public"
],
[
"name",
"name"
],
[
"boy",
"boy"
],
[
"coming of age",
"coming of age"
],
[
"private",
"private"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"a provisional name given to someone when the real name is unknown: compare English Jane Doe, John Doe"
],
"links": [
[
"provisional",
"provisional"
],
[
"Jane Doe",
"Jane Doe#English"
],
[
"John Doe",
"John Doe#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Buddhism"
],
"glosses": [
"the conceptualisation and provisional naming of things that are not real; something so named"
],
"links": [
[
"Buddhism",
"Buddhism"
],
[
"conceptualisation",
"conceptualisation"
],
[
"provisional",
"provisional"
],
[
"naming",
"naming"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(Buddhism) the conceptualisation and provisional naming of things that are not real; something so named"
],
"topics": [
"Buddhism",
"lifestyle",
"religion"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "けみょー"
},
{
"ipa": "[ke̞mʲo̞ː]"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "false name",
"roman": "henmei",
"ruby": [
[
"変名",
"へんめい"
],
[
"偽名",
"ぎめい"
]
],
"sense": "pseudonym",
"word": "変名: changed name; 偽名"
},
{
"english": "popular or everyday appellation",
"roman": "tsūshō",
"ruby": [
[
"呼",
"よ"
],
[
"名",
"な"
],
[
"通称",
"つうしょう"
],
[
"俗称",
"ぞくしょう"
]
],
"sense": "public name",
"word": "呼び名: calling or addressing name; 通称: common appellation; 俗称"
}
],
"word": "仮名"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"仮名"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "仮名",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"仮名"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "仮名",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"仮名"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "仮名",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"仮名"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "仮名",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <span> not properly closed",
"path": [
"仮名"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "仮名",
"trace": "started on line 2, detected on line 2"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </span>",
"path": [
"仮名"
],
"section": "Japanese",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "仮名",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.