See 下手 on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for 下手 meaning in All languages combined (49.0kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "dǎxiàshǒu",
"word": "打下手"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "下手",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"player whose turn comes next"
],
"id": "en-下手-zh-noun-nqFjc1Ig",
"links": [
[
"player",
"player"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"next",
"next"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "100 0 0",
"roman": "xiàjiā",
"sense": "player",
"word": "下家"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I need someone by my side to help me.",
"ref": "我需要有人在我旁邊幫我打下手。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我需要有人在我旁边帮我打下手。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ xūyào yǒu rén zài wǒ pángbiān bāng wǒ dǎxiàshǒu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"assistant; aide"
],
"id": "en-下手-zh-noun-csDOprnB",
"links": [
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
],
[
"aide",
"aide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) assistant; aide"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "xiàshǒu, “side of lower priority or less honour”",
"word": "下首"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 下首 (xiàshǒu, “side of lower priority or less honour”)"
],
"id": "en-下手-zh-noun-pAZ2tox4",
"links": [
[
"下首",
"下首#Chinese"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"priority",
"priority"
],
[
"honour",
"honour"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕㄡˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ē-chhiú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hā-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshoou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяшоу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjašou"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕㄡˇㄦ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshǒur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shou³-ʼrh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shǒur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshooul"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяшоур"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjašour"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sáu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ seo²"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha su`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁴ su³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ē-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "ē-tshiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "exchiuo"
},
{
"ipa": "/e²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-tshiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haxchiuo"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiān xiàshǒu wéi qiáng",
"word": "先下手為強"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "xiān xiàshǒu wéi qiáng",
"word": "先下手为强"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "下手",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "4 4 21 58 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I don't know how to go about it.",
"ref": "我不知道如何下手。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "Wǒ bù zhīdào rúhé xiàshǒu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start doing something; to take action; to go about something"
],
"id": "en-下手-zh-verb-9uw28wdt",
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"take action",
"take action"
],
[
"go about",
"go about"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Arriving at this place, there's no one east and west, if we don't strike here, what are we waiting for? I have on me some rope.",
"ref": "來到此處，東也無人，西也無人，這裡不下手，等甚麼？我隨身帶的有繩子。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "来到此处，东也无人，西也无人，这里不下手，等什么？我随身带的有绳子。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing, The Injustice to Dou E\nLáidào cǐchù, dōng yě wúrén, xī yě wúrén, zhèlǐ bù xiàshǒu, děng shénme? Wǒ suíshēn dài de yǒu shéngzǐ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to commit a crime/to initiate an ambush/sneak attack"
],
"id": "en-下手-zh-verb-3MFT-9we",
"links": [
[
"commit",
"commit"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕㄡˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hē-chhiú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hě-chhiú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hēe-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshoou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяшоу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjašou"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sáu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ seo²"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha su`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁴ su³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hē-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hē-tshiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "hexchiuo"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hě-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hě-tshiú"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-tshiú"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"other": "/ hě-chhiú /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "shàngshǒu",
"word": "上手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "rùshǒu",
"word": "入手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dòngshǒu",
"word": "動手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "dòngshǒu",
"word": "动手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "喐手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zhuóshǒu",
"word": "著手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "zhuóshǒu",
"word": "着手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "lok6 sau2",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "落手"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "qǐshǒu",
"word": "起手"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "端",
"3": "",
"4": "edge of something",
"tr": "heta"
},
"expansion": "端 (heta, “edge of something”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "へた"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a semantic shift from 端 (heta, “edge of something”), referring metaphorically to the edge of one's abilities or knowledge.\nThe kanji spelling appears to be an instance of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"roman": "heta na",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"roman": "heta ni",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へただろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "へただ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "下手であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へただった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "へたです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "heta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "へたで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "へたなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "heta nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へただったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "へただろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "heta darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "へたに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "へたさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "hetasa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "へた",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "下手(へた) • (heta) -na (adnominal 下手(へた)な (heta na), adverbial 下手(へた)に (heta ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "へた",
"lemma": "下手",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"unskilled, bad at, poor at, weak at, incompetent"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-adj-9fLZBpvl",
"links": [
[
"unskilled",
"unskilled"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"incompetent",
"incompetent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"superficial, halfhearted, half-assed, careless"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-adj-kYrKpyl0",
"links": [
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
],
[
"halfhearted",
"halfhearted"
],
[
"half-assed",
"half-assed"
],
[
"careless",
"careless"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smaller or lesser in degree"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-adj-0QP~Tfk6",
"links": [
[
"smaller",
"smaller"
],
[
"lesser",
"lesser"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へた"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ta̠]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "端",
"3": "",
"4": "edge of something",
"tr": "heta"
},
"expansion": "端 (heta, “edge of something”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "へた"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a semantic shift from 端 (heta, “edge of something”), referring metaphorically to the edge of one's abilities or knowledge.\nThe kanji spelling appears to be an instance of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "へた"
},
"expansion": "下手(へた) • (heta)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Well, you really made a mistake right when it was important.",
"roman": "Daiji na tokoro de heta o yatta na.",
"ruby": [
[
"大",
"だい"
],
[
"事",
"じ"
],
[
"所",
"ところ"
],
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"text": "大事な所で下手をやったな。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a mistake, a poor result, a screwup"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun--gRNWO-L",
"links": [
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"result",
"result"
],
[
"screwup",
"screwup"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へた"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ta̠]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "jōzu",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"手",
"ず"
]
],
"word": "上手"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "端",
"3": "",
"4": "edge of something",
"tr": "heta"
},
"expansion": "端 (heta, “edge of something”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "へた"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a semantic shift from 端 (heta, “edge of something”), referring metaphorically to the edge of one's abilities or knowledge.\nThe kanji spelling appears to be an instance of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手する",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"roman": "heta shi",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"roman": "heta shita",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "へたし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "へたする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "heta suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "へたすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "へたしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "へたされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "へたできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "heta dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "へたしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "へたします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "へたした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "へたして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "へたすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "1 2 0 0 4 3 2 15 5 7 17 5 33 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 1 1 3 2 3 13 4 10 17 7 28 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 5 1 1 4 3 12 12 5 6 14 3 28 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 1 0 3 2 5 14 5 10 16 6 28 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 3 1 0 3 2 5 13 5 11 17 7 26 6",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 9 2 8 78",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "1 8 2 1 8 5 7 8 11 10 12 2 16 8",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to make a mistake, to screw up"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-verb-V8x-MiwN",
"links": [
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"screw up",
"screw up"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へた"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ta̠]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "手",
"sort": "したて",
"t1": "down; under; lower",
"t2": "hand",
"tr1": "shita",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下手"
},
"expansion": "へた",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "したで"
},
"expansion": "rendaku (連濁)",
"name": "ja-rendaku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).\nOccasionally encountered with rendaku (連濁), where the -te ending changes to -de.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"したで"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"roman": "shitade na",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"したで"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"roman": "shitade ni",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"したで"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "下手であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "したでです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したででした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "したでで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "したでなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "したでに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "したでさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "shitadesa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "したで",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "下手(したで) • (shitade) -na (adnominal 下手(したで)な (shitade na), adverbial 下手(したで)に (shitade ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "したで",
"lemma": "下手",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"humble"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-adj-hR0~z5~m",
"links": [
[
"humble",
"humble"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "したて"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠te̞]"
},
{
"other": "したで"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠de̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"roman": "shitate nage",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"投",
"な"
]
],
"topics": [
"baseball",
"ball-games",
"games",
"sports",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sumo",
"wrestling",
"martial-arts",
"sports",
"military",
"war",
"government",
"politics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "下手投げ: an underhand throw"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"english": "to act humble",
"roman": "shitade ni deru",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"手",
"で"
],
[
"出",
"で"
]
],
"word": "下手に出る"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "手",
"sort": "したて",
"t1": "down; under; lower",
"t2": "hand",
"tr1": "shita",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下手"
},
"expansion": "へた",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "したで"
},
"expansion": "rendaku (連濁)",
"name": "ja-rendaku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).\nOccasionally encountered with rendaku (連濁), where the -te ending changes to -de.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitate",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "したて"
},
"expansion": "下(した)手(て) • (shitate)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 40 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the lower part, especially downstream or downwind"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-6lY5BXqe",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
],
[
"downwind",
"downwind"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "下手"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 11 40 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"someone at a disadvantage or lower relative to another person, in terms of rank or ability"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-65oIDoMp",
"links": [
[
"disadvantage",
"disadvantage"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"ability",
"ability"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Sumo",
"orig": "ja:Sumo",
"parents": [
"Sports",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "0 11 40 49",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 34 23 43",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages using bad params when calling Template:ja-rendaku",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"an underhand or lower hand hold, in which the wrestler's hand or arm is underneath or on the inside of the opponent's hand or arm"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-beyqEO8s",
"links": [
[
"sumo",
"sumo"
],
[
"underhand",
"underhand"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sumo) an underhand or lower hand hold, in which the wrestler's hand or arm is underneath or on the inside of the opponent's hand or arm"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"sumo",
"war",
"wrestling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "したて"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠te̞]"
},
{
"other": "したで"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠de̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "手",
"sort": "しもて",
"t1": "lower",
"t2": "hand",
"tr1": "shimo",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下 (shimo, “lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shimo, “lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"しも"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shimote",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しもて"
},
"expansion": "下(しも)手(て) • (shimote)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"glosses": [
"downstream; the lower portion of a slope"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-h8IPf1Tr",
"links": [
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"slope",
"slope"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ja",
"name": "Theater",
"orig": "ja:Theater",
"parents": [
"Art",
"Entertainment",
"Culture",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"downstage, specifically the left side of the stage as viewed from the audience"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-5UreNdlX",
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"downstage",
"downstage"
],
[
"left",
"left"
],
[
"stage",
"stage"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) downstage, specifically the left side of the stage as viewed from the audience"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しもて"
},
{
"other": "しもて"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕimo̞te̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "continuative or stem form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下る",
"3": "",
"4": "to descend, to go down",
"tr": "kudaru"
},
"expansion": "下る (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下り",
"3": "手",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下る</i> (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"sort": "くだりて",
"t1": "descending",
"t2": "hand; side, direction",
"tr1": "kudari",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下り (kudari, “descending”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)) + 手 (te, “hand; side, direction”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下り (kudari, “descending”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)) + 手 (te, “hand; side, direction”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"くだり"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kudarite",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くだりて"
},
"expansion": "下(くだり)手(て) • (kudarite)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"cheap, low-quality goods"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-XG1sEQ2G",
"links": [
[
"cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) cheap, low-quality goods"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "安物"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝda̠ɾʲite̞]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "けしゅ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下手"
},
"expansion": "下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "げしゅ"
},
"expansion": "下(げ)手(しゅ) • (geshu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"someone of low status or rank"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-noun-LeAwsa2L",
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"status",
"status"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) someone of low status or rank"
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡe̞ɕɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "けしゅ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下手"
},
"expansion": "下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手する",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"roman": "geshu shi",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"roman": "geshu shita",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to lower one's hand onto something, to set one's hand onto something"
],
"id": "en-下手-ja-verb-ZUOTuPK7",
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) to lower one's hand onto something, to set one's hand onto something"
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡe̞ɕɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese nouns",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "dǎxiàshǒu",
"word": "打下手"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "zh",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "下手",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"player whose turn comes next"
],
"links": [
[
"player",
"player"
],
[
"turn",
"turn"
],
[
"next",
"next"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Chinese colloquialisms",
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I need someone by my side to help me.",
"ref": "我需要有人在我旁邊幫我打下手。 [MSC, trad.]",
"text": "我需要有人在我旁边帮我打下手。 [MSC, simp.]\nWǒ xūyào yǒu rén zài wǒ pángbiān bāng wǒ dǎxiàshǒu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"assistant; aide"
],
"links": [
[
"assistant",
"assistant"
],
[
"aide",
"aide"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) assistant; aide"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "xiàshǒu, “side of lower priority or less honour”",
"word": "下首"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of 下首 (xiàshǒu, “side of lower priority or less honour”)"
],
"links": [
[
"下首",
"下首#Chinese"
],
[
"side",
"side"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"priority",
"priority"
],
[
"honour",
"honour"
]
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕㄡˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "ē-chhiú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hā-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshoou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяшоу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjašou"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕㄡˇㄦ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshǒur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shou³-ʼrh"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shǒur"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshooul"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяшоур"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjašour"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sáu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ seo²"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha su`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁴ su³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "ē-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "ē-tshiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "exchiuo"
},
{
"ipa": "/e²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hā-tshiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "haxchiuo"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂɤʊ̯ɻʷ²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/e³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "xiàjiā",
"sense": "player",
"word": "下家"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Chinese entries with incorrect language header",
"Chinese lemmas",
"Chinese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Chinese verbs"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "xiān xiàshǒu wéi qiáng",
"word": "先下手為強"
},
{
"roman": "xiān xiàshǒu wéi qiáng",
"word": "先下手为强"
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "下手",
"name": "zh-verb"
}
],
"lang": "Chinese",
"lang_code": "zh",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "I don't know how to go about it.",
"ref": "我不知道如何下手。 [MSC, trad. and simp.]",
"text": "Wǒ bù zhīdào rúhé xiàshǒu. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to start doing something; to take action; to go about something"
],
"links": [
[
"start",
"start"
],
[
"do",
"do"
],
[
"take action",
"take action"
],
[
"go about",
"go about"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Mandarin terms with quotations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Arriving at this place, there's no one east and west, if we don't strike here, what are we waiting for? I have on me some rope.",
"ref": "來到此處，東也無人，西也無人，這裡不下手，等甚麼？我隨身帶的有繩子。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]",
"text": "来到此处，东也无人，西也无人，这里不下手，等什么？我随身带的有绳子。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]\nFrom: Yuan Dynasty, Guan Hanqing, The Injustice to Dou E\nLáidào cǐchù, dōng yě wúrén, xī yě wúrén, zhèlǐ bù xiàshǒu, děng shénme? Wǒ suíshēn dài de yǒu shéngzǐ. [Pinyin]",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to commit a crime/to initiate an ambush/sneak attack"
],
"links": [
[
"commit",
"commit"
],
[
"crime",
"crime"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"bopomofo"
],
"zh-pron": "ㄒㄧㄚˋ ㄕㄡˇ"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Jyutping"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hē-chhiú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hě-chhiú"
},
{
"zh-pron": "hēe-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hanyu-Pinyin",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "xiàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Tongyong-Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "siàshǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Wade-Giles"
],
"zh-pron": "hsia⁴-shou³"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "syà-shǒu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Gwoyeu-Romatsyh",
"Mandarin"
],
"zh-pron": "shiahshoou"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "сяшоу"
},
{
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Palladius"
],
"zh-pron": "sjašou"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
"tags": [
"Mandarin",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Yale"
],
"zh-pron": "hah sáu"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Pinyin"
],
"zh-pron": "haa⁶ sau²"
},
{
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Guangdong-Romanization"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁶ seo²"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Sinological-IPA"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Phak-fa-su",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha-sú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Hakka-Romanization-System",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha su`"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hagfa-Pinyim",
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sixian"
],
"zh-pron": "ha⁴ su³"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/",
"tags": [
"Hakka",
"Meinong",
"Miaoli",
"Sinological-IPA",
"Sixian"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hē-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hē-tshiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Phofsit-Daibuun"
],
"zh-pron": "hexchiuo"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Xiamen"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Kaohsiung"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Taipei"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hě-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hě-tshiú"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Quanzhou"
]
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"POJ"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-chhiú"
},
{
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Tai-lo"
],
"zh-pron": "hēe-tshiú"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/",
"tags": [
"Hokkien",
"Zhangzhou"
]
},
{
"other": "/ hě-chhiú /"
},
{
"ipa": "/ɕi̯ä⁵¹ ʂoʊ̯²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/"
},
{
"ipa": "/haː²² sɐu̯³⁵/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ha⁵⁵ su³¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁴¹/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he³³⁻¹¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
},
{
"ipa": "/he²² t͡sʰiu⁵⁵⁴/"
},
{
"ipa": "/hɛ²²⁻²¹ t͡sʰiu⁵³/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "shàngshǒu",
"word": "上手"
},
{
"roman": "rùshǒu",
"word": "入手"
},
{
"roman": "dòngshǒu",
"word": "動手"
},
{
"roman": "dòngshǒu",
"word": "动手"
},
{
"word": "喐手"
},
{
"roman": "zhuóshǒu",
"word": "著手"
},
{
"roman": "zhuóshǒu",
"word": "着手"
},
{
"roman": "lok6 sau2",
"tags": [
"Cantonese",
"Hokkien"
],
"word": "落手"
},
{
"roman": "qǐshǒu",
"word": "起手"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "端",
"3": "",
"4": "edge of something",
"tr": "heta"
},
"expansion": "端 (heta, “edge of something”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "へた"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a semantic shift from 端 (heta, “edge of something”), referring metaphorically to the edge of one's abilities or knowledge.\nThe kanji spelling appears to be an instance of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"roman": "heta na",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"roman": "heta ni",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へただろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "へただ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "下手であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "へたであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へただった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "へたです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "heta desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へたじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "へたで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "heta de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "へたなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "heta nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "へただったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "heta dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "へただろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "heta darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "へたに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "heta ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "へたさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "hetasa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "へた",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "下手(へた) • (heta) -na (adnominal 下手(へた)な (heta na), adverbial 下手(へた)に (heta ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "へた",
"lemma": "下手",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"unskilled, bad at, poor at, weak at, incompetent"
],
"links": [
[
"unskilled",
"unskilled"
],
[
"bad",
"bad"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"weak",
"weak"
],
[
"incompetent",
"incompetent"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"superficial, halfhearted, half-assed, careless"
],
"links": [
[
"superficial",
"superficial"
],
[
"halfhearted",
"halfhearted"
],
[
"half-assed",
"half-assed"
],
[
"careless",
"careless"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"smaller or lesser in degree"
],
"links": [
[
"smaller",
"smaller"
],
[
"lesser",
"lesser"
],
[
"degree",
"degree"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へた"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ta̠]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "端",
"3": "",
"4": "edge of something",
"tr": "heta"
},
"expansion": "端 (heta, “edge of something”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "へた"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a semantic shift from 端 (heta, “edge of something”), referring metaphorically to the edge of one's abilities or knowledge.\nThe kanji spelling appears to be an instance of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "へた"
},
"expansion": "下手(へた) • (heta)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "Well, you really made a mistake right when it was important.",
"roman": "Daiji na tokoro de heta o yatta na.",
"ruby": [
[
"大",
"だい"
],
[
"事",
"じ"
],
[
"所",
"ところ"
],
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"text": "大事な所で下手をやったな。"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a mistake, a poor result, a screwup"
],
"links": [
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"poor",
"poor"
],
[
"result",
"result"
],
[
"screwup",
"screwup"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へた"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ta̠]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"antonyms": [
{
"roman": "jōzu",
"ruby": [
[
"上",
"じょう"
],
[
"手",
"ず"
]
],
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms spelled with jukujikun",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with redundant sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "端",
"3": "",
"4": "edge of something",
"tr": "heta"
},
"expansion": "端 (heta, “edge of something”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "熟字訓"
},
"expansion": "熟字訓",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "へた"
},
"expansion": "jukujikun (熟字訓)",
"name": "juku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Probably a semantic shift from 端 (heta, “edge of something”), referring metaphorically to the edge of one's abilities or knowledge.\nThe kanji spelling appears to be an instance of jukujikun (熟字訓).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手する",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"roman": "heta shi",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"roman": "heta shita",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"へた"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "へたし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "へたする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "heta suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "へたすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "へたしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "へたされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "へたできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "heta dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "へたしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "へたせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "へたします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "へたした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "へたして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "heta shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "へたすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "heta sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"to make a mistake, to screw up"
],
"links": [
[
"mistake",
"mistake"
],
[
"screw up",
"screw up"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "へた"
},
{
"ipa": "[he̞ta̠]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages using bad params when calling Template:ja-rendaku"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "手",
"sort": "したて",
"t1": "down; under; lower",
"t2": "hand",
"tr1": "shita",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下手"
},
"expansion": "へた",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "したで"
},
"expansion": "rendaku (連濁)",
"name": "ja-rendaku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).\nOccasionally encountered with rendaku (連濁), where the -te ending changes to -de.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"したで"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"roman": "shitade na",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"したで"
]
],
"tags": [
"adnominal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"roman": "shitade ni",
"ruby": [
[
"下手",
"したで"
]
],
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだろ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade daro",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"continuative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"stem",
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade da",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"terminative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手な",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでな",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade na",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"attributive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでなら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade nara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "下手であれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "したでであれ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de are",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃない",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja nai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade datta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃなかった",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja nakatta",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"informal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手です",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "したでです",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade desu",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃありません",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja arimasen",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手でした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したででした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手ではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手じゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでではありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでじゃありませんでした",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de wa arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ja arimasen deshita",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"formal",
"negative",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手で",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "したでで",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade de",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手なら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "したでなら（ば）",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade nara (ba)",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだったら",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade dattara",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "下手だろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "したでだろう",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade darō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手に",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "したでに",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "shitade ni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"adverbial"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "したでさ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
},
{
"form": "shitadesa",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"noun-from-adj"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "したで",
"infl": "na"
},
"expansion": "下手(したで) • (shitade) -na (adnominal 下手(したで)な (shitade na), adverbial 下手(したで)に (shitade ni))",
"name": "ja-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"adverbial": ". に",
"attributive": ". な",
"conditional": ". なら（ば）",
"conjunctive": ". で",
"continuative": ". で",
"degree": "さ",
"formal": ". です",
"formal_negative": ". で は ありません",
"formal_negative2": ". じゃ ありません",
"formal_negative_past": ". で は ありません でした",
"formal_negative_past2": ". じゃ ありません でした",
"formal_past": ". でした",
"hypothetical": ". なら",
"imperative": ". で あれ",
"imperfective": ". だろ",
"informal_negative": ". で は ない",
"informal_negative2": ". じゃ ない",
"informal_negative_past": ". で は なかった",
"informal_negative_past2": ". じゃ なかった",
"informal_past": ". だった",
"kana": "したで",
"lemma": "下手",
"provisional": ". だったら",
"terminal": ". だ",
"volitional": ". だろう"
},
"name": "ja-adj-infl"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"humble"
],
"links": [
[
"humble",
"humble"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "したて"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠te̞]"
},
{
"other": "したで"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠de̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese adjectives",
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with rendaku",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity",
"Japanese な-na adjectives",
"Pages using bad params when calling Template:ja-rendaku"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "shitate nage",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"手",
"て"
],
[
"投",
"な"
]
],
"topics": [
"baseball",
"ball-games",
"games",
"sports",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"sumo",
"wrestling",
"martial-arts",
"sports",
"military",
"war",
"government",
"politics",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle"
],
"word": "下手投げ: an underhand throw"
},
{
"english": "to act humble",
"roman": "shitade ni deru",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"手",
"で"
],
[
"出",
"で"
]
],
"word": "下手に出る"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "手",
"sort": "したて",
"t1": "down; under; lower",
"t2": "hand",
"tr1": "shita",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”)",
"name": "compound"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連濁"
},
"expansion": "連濁",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下手"
},
"expansion": "へた",
"name": "sortkey"
},
{
"args": {
"sort": "したで"
},
"expansion": "rendaku (連濁)",
"name": "ja-rendaku"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shita, “down; under; lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).\nOccasionally encountered with rendaku (連濁), where the -te ending changes to -de.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"した"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shitate",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "したて"
},
"expansion": "下(した)手(て) • (shitate)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"glosses": [
"the lower part, especially downstream or downwind"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
],
[
"downwind",
"downwind"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "下手"
}
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"glosses": [
"someone at a disadvantage or lower relative to another person, in terms of rank or ability"
],
"links": [
[
"disadvantage",
"disadvantage"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
],
[
"ability",
"ability"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Sumo"
],
"glosses": [
"an underhand or lower hand hold, in which the wrestler's hand or arm is underneath or on the inside of the opponent's hand or arm"
],
"links": [
[
"sumo",
"sumo"
],
[
"underhand",
"underhand"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"hold",
"hold"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(sumo) an underhand or lower hand hold, in which the wrestler's hand or arm is underneath or on the inside of the opponent's hand or arm"
],
"topics": [
"government",
"hobbies",
"lifestyle",
"martial-arts",
"military",
"politics",
"sports",
"sumo",
"war",
"wrestling"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "したて"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠te̞]"
},
{
"other": "したで"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕi̥ta̠de̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下",
"3": "手",
"sort": "しもて",
"t1": "lower",
"t2": "hand",
"tr1": "shimo",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下 (shimo, “lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下 (shimo, “lower”) + 手 (te, “hand”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"しも"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "shimote",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "しもて"
},
"expansion": "下(しも)手(て) • (shimote)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"glosses": [
"downstream; the lower portion of a slope"
],
"links": [
[
"downstream",
"downstream"
],
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"slope",
"slope"
]
]
},
{
"antonyms": [
{
"word": "上手"
}
],
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"ja:Theater"
],
"glosses": [
"downstage, specifically the left side of the stage as viewed from the audience"
],
"links": [
[
"theater",
"theater"
],
[
"downstage",
"downstage"
],
[
"left",
"left"
],
[
"stage",
"stage"
],
[
"audience",
"audience"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(theater) downstage, specifically the left side of the stage as viewed from the audience"
],
"topics": [
"entertainment",
"lifestyle",
"theater"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"other": "しもて"
},
{
"other": "しもて"
},
{
"ipa": "[ɕimo̞te̞]"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Daijisen",
"Shogakukan",
"Tōkyō",
"ja:大辞林",
"ja:大辞泉",
"ja:松村明"
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese compound terms",
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_number": 4,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "連用形",
"3": "",
"4": "continuative or stem form",
"tr": "ren'yōkei"
},
"expansion": "連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下る",
"3": "",
"4": "to descend, to go down",
"tr": "kudaru"
},
"expansion": "下る (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "下り",
"3": "手",
"pos1": "the <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">連用形</i> (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb <i class=\"Jpan mention\" lang=\"ja\">下る</i> (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)",
"sort": "くだりて",
"t1": "descending",
"t2": "hand; side, direction",
"tr1": "kudari",
"tr2": "te"
},
"expansion": "下り (kudari, “descending”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)) + 手 (te, “hand; side, direction”)",
"name": "compound"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Compound of 下り (kudari, “descending”, the 連用形 (ren'yōkei, “continuative or stem form”) of verb 下る (kudaru, “to descend, to go down”)) + 手 (te, “hand; side, direction”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"くだり"
],
[
"手",
"て"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "kudarite",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "くだりて"
},
"expansion": "下(くだり)手(て) • (kudarite)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with uncommon senses"
],
"glosses": [
"cheap, low-quality goods"
],
"links": [
[
"cheap",
"cheap"
],
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"quality",
"quality"
],
[
"goods",
"goods"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) cheap, low-quality goods"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "安物"
}
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[kɯ̟ᵝda̠ɾʲite̞]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "けしゅ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下手"
},
"expansion": "下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "げしゅ"
},
"expansion": "下(げ)手(しゅ) • (geshu)",
"name": "ja-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with uncommon senses"
],
"glosses": [
"someone of low status or rank"
],
"links": [
[
"low",
"low"
],
[
"status",
"status"
],
[
"rank",
"rank"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) someone of low status or rank"
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡe̞ɕɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"categories": [
"Japanese entries with incorrect language header",
"Japanese lemmas",
"Japanese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Japanese nouns",
"Japanese suru verbs",
"Japanese terms borrowed from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Japanese terms spelled with first grade kanji",
"Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Japanese terms with multiple readings",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms written with two Han script characters",
"Japanese verbs",
"Japanese verbs without transitivity"
],
"etymology_number": 5,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ja",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-",
"sort": "けしゅ'"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "bor"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "下手"
},
"expansion": "下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Chinese 下手 (MC haeX|haeH syuwX).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "下手する",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu suru",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"roman": "geshu shi",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"stem"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"roman": "geshu shita",
"ruby": [
[
"下",
"げ"
],
[
"手",
"しゅ"
]
],
"tags": [
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "下手し",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅし",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shi",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手する",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅする",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu suru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅすれ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sure",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅせよ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅしろ",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu seyo",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative",
"literary"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shiro",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"error-unrecognized-form",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手される",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅされる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sareru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手させる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手さす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅさせる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅさす",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu saseru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"causative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手できる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅできる",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu dekiru",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"potential"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅしよう",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shiyō",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"volitional"
]
},
{
"form": "下手しない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅしない",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shinai",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手せず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅせず",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sezu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"continuative",
"negative"
]
},
{
"form": "下手します",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅします",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shimasu",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"formal"
]
},
{
"form": "下手した",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅした",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shita",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"perfective"
]
},
{
"form": "下手して",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅして",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu shite",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "下手すれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "げしゅすれば",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
},
{
"form": "geshu sureba",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"conditional",
"hypothetical"
]
}
],
"lang": "Japanese",
"lang_code": "ja",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Japanese terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
"Japanese terms with uncommon senses"
],
"glosses": [
"to lower one's hand onto something, to set one's hand onto something"
],
"links": [
[
"lower",
"lower"
],
[
"hand",
"hand"
],
[
"set",
"set"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(uncommon) to lower one's hand onto something, to set one's hand onto something"
],
"tags": [
"uncommon"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡe̞ɕɨᵝ]"
}
],
"word": "下手"
}
{
"called_from": "parserfns/156",
"msg": "#tag creating non-allowed tag <pre> - omitted",
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This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.