See गुल on Wiktionary
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुल"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गुल (gula)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गुल (gula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گل",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलों",
"roman": "gulõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलो",
"roman": "gulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "گل"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Urdu spelling گل)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"गुल"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "56 11 23 5 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "66 7 18 4 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 7 7 7 7 24 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 7 7 7 7 24 7 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw or unrefined sugar, molasses, jaggery"
],
"id": "en-गुल-hi-noun-76ujS0vM",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar"
],
[
"molasses",
"molasses"
],
[
"jaggery",
"jaggery"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the glans penis"
],
"id": "en-गुल-hi-noun-JE5MqMyo",
"links": [
[
"glans penis",
"glans penis"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the clitoris"
],
"id": "en-गुल-hi-noun-dJljwOm8",
"links": [
[
"clitoris",
"clitoris"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʊl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊl"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pal",
"3": "peo"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hwerdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hwardʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>گُل>rose",
"id": "flower",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nHindi गुल (gul)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nHindi गुल (gul)\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گُل",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलों",
"roman": "gulõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलो",
"roman": "gulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Urdu spelling گُل)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"गुल"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 12 24 44 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "hi",
"name": "Flowers",
"orig": "hi:Flowers",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flower"
],
"id": "en-गुल-hi-noun-wGsM~gzF",
"links": [
[
"flower",
"flower"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "फूल"
},
{
"word": "पुष्प"
},
{
"word": "कुसुम"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rose"
],
"id": "en-गुल-hi-noun-YY1mOvDx",
"links": [
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "गुलाब"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʊl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊl"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "pal",
"3": "peo"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hwerdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hwardʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>گُل>rose",
"id": "flower",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nKashmiri गुल (gul)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nKashmiri गुल (gul)\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گُل",
"tags": [
"Perso-Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "Perso-Arabic",
"8": "گُل",
"9": "",
"f2sc": "Latn",
"f3sc": "ks-Arab",
"f4sc": "Deva",
"f5sc": "Shrd",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sccat": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Perso-Arabic گُل)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"pa": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Perso-Arabic گُل)",
"name": "ks-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Kashmiri",
"lang_code": "ks",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashmiri entries with etymology trees",
"parents": [
"Entries with etymology trees",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Kashmiri entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "ks",
"name": "Flowers",
"orig": "ks:Flowers",
"parents": [
"Plants",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"flower"
],
"id": "en-गुल-ks-noun-wGsM~gzF",
"links": [
[
"flower",
"flower"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "pōś",
"word": "पोश"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡul/"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गुल",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: गुल (gul) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: गुल (gul) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "gula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: gula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: gula"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "gula"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: gula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: gula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "gula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Javanese: gula\nJavanese: ꦒꦸꦭ (gula)\n→ Balinese: ᬕᬸᬮ (gula)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Javanese: gula\nJavanese: ꦒꦸꦭ (gula)\n→ Balinese: ᬕᬸᬮ (gula)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "gula",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलः",
"roman": "gulaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलौ",
"roman": "gulau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुला1",
"roman": "gulā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाः",
"roman": "gulāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलासः1",
"roman": "gulāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलौ",
"roman": "gulau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुला1",
"roman": "gulā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाः",
"roman": "gulāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलासः1",
"roman": "gulāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलम्",
"roman": "gulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलौ",
"roman": "gulau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुला1",
"roman": "gulā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलान्",
"roman": "gulān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेन",
"roman": "gulena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाभ्याम्",
"roman": "gulābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलैः",
"roman": "gulaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेभिः1",
"roman": "gulebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाय",
"roman": "gulāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाभ्याम्",
"roman": "gulābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेभ्यः",
"roman": "gulebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलात्",
"roman": "gulāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाभ्याम्",
"roman": "gulābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेभ्यः",
"roman": "gulebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलस्य",
"roman": "gulasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलयोः",
"roman": "gulayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलानाम्",
"roman": "gulānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुले",
"roman": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलयोः",
"roman": "gulayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेषु",
"roman": "guleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gula) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "65 10 25",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "77 7 16",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"raw or unrefined sugar, molasses"
],
"id": "en-गुल-sa-noun-JhZ3LN1d",
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar"
],
[
"molasses",
"molasses"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the glans penis"
],
"id": "en-गुल-sa-noun-JE5MqMyo",
"links": [
[
"glans penis",
"glans penis"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "गुल"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the clitoris"
],
"id": "en-गुल-sa-noun-dJljwOm8",
"links": [
[
"clitoris",
"clitoris"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡu.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡu.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kip",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s-b/m-ruːl",
"4": "",
"5": "snake"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kip",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "गुल (transliteration needed)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sheshi Kham",
"lang_code": "kip",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 4 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sheshi Kham entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"snake"
],
"id": "en-गुल-kip-noun-U419n-eO",
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡul/"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with etymology trees",
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi learned borrowings from Sanskrit",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi nouns",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Old Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Hindi terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Hindi terms derived from Sanskrit",
"Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hwerdʰ-",
"Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *Hwardʰ-",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hindi/ʊl",
"Rhymes:Hindi/ʊl/1 syllable",
"hi:Flowers"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "sa",
"3": "गुल"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गुल (gula)",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Sanskrit गुल (gula).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گل",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलों",
"roman": "gulõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलो",
"roman": "gulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "گل"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Urdu spelling گل)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"गुल"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw or unrefined sugar, molasses, jaggery"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar"
],
[
"molasses",
"molasses"
],
[
"jaggery",
"jaggery"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the glans penis"
],
"links": [
[
"glans penis",
"glans penis"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the clitoris"
],
"links": [
[
"clitoris",
"clitoris"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʊl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊl"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Hindi entries with etymology trees",
"Hindi entries with incorrect language header",
"Hindi lemmas",
"Hindi masculine consonant-stem nouns",
"Hindi masculine nouns",
"Hindi nouns",
"Hindi terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Old Persian",
"Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Hindi terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Hindi terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hwerdʰ-",
"Hindi terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *Hwardʰ-",
"Hindi terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Hindi/ʊl",
"Rhymes:Hindi/ʊl/1 syllable",
"hi:Flowers"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "pal",
"3": "peo"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hwerdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hwardʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>گُل>rose",
"id": "flower",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nHindi गुल (gul)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nHindi गुल (gul)\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گُل",
"tags": [
"Urdu"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "hi-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cons-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"direct",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलों",
"roman": "gulõ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"oblique",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gul",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलो",
"roman": "gulo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"ur": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Urdu spelling گُل)",
"name": "hi-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"गुल"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "<M>"
},
"name": "hi-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Hindi",
"lang_code": "hi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"flower"
],
"links": [
[
"flower",
"flower"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "फूल"
},
{
"word": "पुष्प"
},
{
"word": "कुसुम"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"rose"
],
"links": [
[
"rose",
"rose"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "गुलाब"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡʊl/",
"tags": [
"Delhi"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-ʊl"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "pal",
"3": "peo"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*Hwerdʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "iir-pro",
"3": "*Hwardʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "bor",
"3": "fa-cls>گُل>rose",
"id": "flower",
"tree": "1"
},
"expansion": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nKashmiri गुल (gul)",
"name": "etymon"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"2": "fa-cls",
"3": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Etymology tree\nProto-Iranian *wardah\nOld Persian *vr̥dah\nMiddle Persian gwl\nClassical Persian گُل (gul)bor.\nKashmiri गुल (gul)\nBorrowed from Classical Persian گُل (gul).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "gul",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "گُل",
"tags": [
"Perso-Arabic"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ks",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "Perso-Arabic",
"8": "گُل",
"9": "",
"f2sc": "Latn",
"f3sc": "ks-Arab",
"f4sc": "Deva",
"f5sc": "Shrd",
"g": "m",
"g2": "",
"head": "",
"sc": "",
"sccat": "1",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Perso-Arabic گُل)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"g": "m",
"pa": "گُل"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gul) m (Perso-Arabic گُل)",
"name": "ks-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Kashmiri",
"lang_code": "ks",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Kashmiri entries with etymology trees",
"Kashmiri entries with incorrect language header",
"Kashmiri lemmas",
"Kashmiri masculine nouns",
"Kashmiri nouns",
"Kashmiri nouns in Devanagari script",
"Kashmiri terms borrowed from Classical Persian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Classical Persian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Middle Persian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Old Persian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Proto-Indo-Iranian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from Proto-Iranian",
"Kashmiri terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *Hwerdʰ-",
"Kashmiri terms derived from the Proto-Indo-Iranian root *Hwardʰ-",
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ks:Flowers"
],
"glosses": [
"flower"
],
"links": [
[
"flower",
"flower"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡul/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "pōś",
"word": "पोश"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Sanskrit a-stem nouns",
"Sanskrit entries with incorrect language header",
"Sanskrit lemmas",
"Sanskrit masculine nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns",
"Sanskrit nouns in Devanagari script",
"Sanskrit terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Sanskrit terms with redundant transliterations"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hi",
"2": "गुल",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Hindi: गुल (gul) (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Hindi: गुल (gul) (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ms",
"2": "gula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Malay: gula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Malay: gula"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "id",
"2": "gula"
},
"expansion": "Indonesian: gula",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Indonesian: gula"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kaw",
"2": "gula",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Old Javanese: gula\nJavanese: ꦒꦸꦭ (gula)\n→ Balinese: ᬕᬸᬮ (gula)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "→ Old Javanese: gula\nJavanese: ꦒꦸꦭ (gula)\n→ Balinese: ᬕᬸᬮ (gula)"
}
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "gula",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sa-decl-noun-m",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलः",
"roman": "gulaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलौ",
"roman": "gulau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुला1",
"roman": "gulā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाः",
"roman": "gulāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलासः1",
"roman": "gulāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुल",
"roman": "gula",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलौ",
"roman": "gulau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुला1",
"roman": "gulā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाः",
"roman": "gulāḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलासः1",
"roman": "gulāsaḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलम्",
"roman": "gulam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलौ",
"roman": "gulau",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुला1",
"roman": "gulā1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलान्",
"roman": "gulān",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेन",
"roman": "gulena",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाभ्याम्",
"roman": "gulābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"instrumental"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलैः",
"roman": "gulaiḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेभिः1",
"roman": "gulebhiḥ1",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाय",
"roman": "gulāya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाभ्याम्",
"roman": "gulābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेभ्यः",
"roman": "gulebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलात्",
"roman": "gulāt",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलाभ्याम्",
"roman": "gulābhyām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेभ्यः",
"roman": "gulebhyaḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलस्य",
"roman": "gulasya",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलयोः",
"roman": "gulayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलानाम्",
"roman": "gulānām",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "गुले",
"roman": "gule",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलयोः",
"roman": "gulayoḥ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"locative"
]
},
{
"form": "गुलेषु",
"roman": "guleṣu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "गुल • (gula) stem, m",
"name": "sa-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "sa-decl-noun-m"
}
],
"lang": "Sanskrit",
"lang_code": "sa",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"raw or unrefined sugar, molasses"
],
"links": [
[
"raw",
"raw"
],
[
"unrefined",
"unrefined"
],
[
"sugar",
"sugar"
],
[
"molasses",
"molasses"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the glans penis"
],
"links": [
[
"glans penis",
"glans penis"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "गुल"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"the clitoris"
],
"links": [
[
"clitoris",
"clitoris"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡu.lɐ/",
"tags": [
"Vedic"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈɡu.l̪ɐ/",
"tags": [
"Classical-Sanskrit"
]
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kip",
"2": "sit-pro",
"3": "*s-b/m-ruːl",
"4": "",
"5": "snake"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Sino-Tibetan *s-b/m-ruːl (“snake”).",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kip",
"2": "noun"
},
"expansion": "गुल (transliteration needed)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Sheshi Kham",
"lang_code": "kip",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 4 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Requests for transliteration of Sheshi Kham terms",
"Sheshi Kham entries with incorrect language header",
"Sheshi Kham lemmas",
"Sheshi Kham nouns",
"Sheshi Kham terms derived from Proto-Sino-Tibetan",
"Sheshi Kham terms inherited from Proto-Sino-Tibetan"
],
"glosses": [
"snake"
],
"links": [
[
"snake",
"snake"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡul/"
}
],
"word": "गुल"
}
Download raw JSONL data for गुल meaning in All languages combined (14.4kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/2466",
"msg": "accepted heuristic header: table cell identified as header and given candidate status, AND the cleaned text is in LANGUAGES_WITH_CELLS_AS_HEADERS[Sanskrit]; cleaned text: Notes",
"path": [
"गुल"
],
"section": "Sanskrit",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "गुल",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-28 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-11-21 using wiktextract (65a6e81 and 0dbea76). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.