See بیز on Wiktionary
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "avd",
"2": "noun",
"sc": "fa-Arab",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Alviri-Vidari",
"lang_code": "avd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Alviri-Vidari entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Alviri-Vidari terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "avd",
"name": "Mammals",
"orig": "avd:Mammals",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"goat"
],
"id": "en-بیز-avd-noun-VIDwjzWW",
"links": [
[
"goat",
"goat"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/biz/"
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "we",
"word": "biz"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Azerbaijani terms in Arabic script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Arabic spelling of biz (“we”)"
],
"id": "en-بیز-az-pron-5glY9YgN",
"links": [
[
"biz",
"biz#Azerbaijani"
],
[
"we",
"we"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "biz",
"word": "بز"
}
],
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "بىز"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: بىز (biz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: بىز (biz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "biz"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: biz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: biz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*bi-ŕ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *bi-ŕ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *bi-ŕ, *bẹ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "chg-personal pronouns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "من",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "män",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سن",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیز",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اول",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "او",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ul, u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیز",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "biz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلار",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlär",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولار",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "الار",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ular, alar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "منينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "meniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اونينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "انينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uniñ, aniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلارنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "منکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "مانکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "maña",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سنکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سانکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saña",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزکە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizgä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارغە انکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularğa aña",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizgä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلارکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärgä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارغە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularğa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "منی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "meni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "انی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلارنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "مندە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mändä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سندە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sändä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizdä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اونينکدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اندا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "انينکدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uniñda, anda, aniñda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizdä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلاردە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärdä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولاردە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "مندين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mändin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سندين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sändin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اونينکدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اندين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "انينکدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uniñdin, andin, aniñdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلاردين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولاردين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ulardin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chagatai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Chagatai pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"we"
],
"id": "en-بیز-chg-pron-3HyBG5Vh",
"links": [
[
"we",
"we"
]
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "we",
"word": "biz"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khalaj terms in Arabic script",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Arabic spelling of biz (“we”)"
],
"id": "en-بیز-klj-pron-5glY9YgN",
"links": [
[
"biz",
"biz#Khalaj"
],
[
"we",
"we"
]
],
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "bız",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmz",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "بیز",
"tr": "bız"
},
"expansion": "بیز (bız)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Khorasani Turkish",
"lang_code": "kmz",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khorasani Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khorasani Turkish pronouns",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Khorasani Turkish terms in nonstandard scripts",
"parents": [
"Terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"We"
],
"id": "en-بیز-kmz-pron-8~6Ze40c",
"links": [
[
"We",
"We"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɯz/"
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "biz"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: biz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: biz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "բիզ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: բիզ (biz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: բիզ (biz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "ბიზი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Laz: ბიზი (bizi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Laz: ბიზი (bizi)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*bińŕ",
"t": "awl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *bińŕ (“awl”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "biz"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani biz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "беҙ"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir беҙ (beź)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "бiз"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh бiз (biz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "піс"
},
"expansion": "Khakas піс (pìs)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "биз"
},
"expansion": "Nogai биз (biz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "بېگىز"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur بېگىز (bëgiz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "bigiz"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek bigiz",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bińŕ (“awl”); cognate with Azerbaijani biz, Bashkir беҙ (beź), Kazakh бiз (biz), Khakas піс (pìs), Nogai биз (biz), Uyghur بېگىز (bëgiz) and Uzbek bigiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز • (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "ota",
"name": "Tools",
"orig": "ota:Tools",
"parents": [
"Technology",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"awl, a pointed instrument for piercing small holes"
],
"id": "en-بیز-ota-noun-4XMzykiD",
"links": [
[
"awl",
"awl"
],
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "درفش"
},
{
"word": "مخرز"
}
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "verb form",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز • (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 7 entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "bixtan",
"word": "بیختن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem form of بیختن (bixtan)"
],
"id": "en-بیز-fa-verb-GPGP65-W",
"links": [
[
"بیختن",
"بیختن#Persian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "avd",
"2": "noun",
"sc": "fa-Arab",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Alviri-Vidari",
"lang_code": "avd",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Alviri-Vidari entries with incorrect language header",
"Alviri-Vidari lemmas",
"Alviri-Vidari nouns",
"Alviri-Vidari terms with redundant script codes",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"avd:Mammals"
],
"glosses": [
"goat"
],
"links": [
[
"goat",
"goat"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/biz/"
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Azerbaijani",
"lang_code": "az",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "we",
"word": "biz"
}
],
"categories": [
"Azerbaijani entries with incorrect language header",
"Azerbaijani lemmas",
"Azerbaijani pronouns",
"Azerbaijani terms in Arabic script",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Arabic spelling of biz (“we”)"
],
"links": [
[
"biz",
"biz#Azerbaijani"
],
[
"we",
"we"
]
],
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "biz",
"word": "بز"
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "بىز"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur: بىز (biz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uyghur: بىز (biz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "biz"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek: biz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Uzbek: biz"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*bi-ŕ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *bi-ŕ",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Turkic *bi-ŕ, *bẹ-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "chg-personal pronouns",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "من",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "män",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سن",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sän",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیز",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "siz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اول",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "او",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ul, u",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیز",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "biz",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلار",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlär",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولار",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "الار",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ular, alar",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "منينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "meniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اونينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "انينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uniñ, aniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلارنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارنينک",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularniñ",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "منکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "مانکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "maña",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سنکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سانکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "saña",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزکە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizgä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارغە انکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularğa aña",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizgä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلارکا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärgä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارغە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularğa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "منی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "meni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "seni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "انی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ani",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلارنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولارنی",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularni",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "مندە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mändä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سندە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sändä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"familiar",
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizdä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اونينکدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اندا",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "انينکدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uniñda, anda, aniñda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزدە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizdä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلاردە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärdä",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولاردە",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ularda",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "مندين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "mändin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سندين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sändin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"familiar",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "sizdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"polite",
"pronoun",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "اونينکدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اندين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "انينکدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "uniñdin, andin, aniñdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"pronoun",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "بیزدين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "bizdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"first-person",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun"
]
},
{
"form": "سیزلاردين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "sizlärdin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "اولاردين",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "ulardin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"ablative",
"personal",
"plural",
"pronoun",
"third-person"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "chg",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Chagatai",
"lang_code": "chg",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Chagatai entries with incorrect language header",
"Chagatai lemmas",
"Chagatai pronouns",
"Chagatai terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Chagatai terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"we"
],
"links": [
[
"we",
"we"
]
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "klj",
"2": "pronoun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Khalaj",
"lang_code": "klj",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "we",
"word": "biz"
}
],
"categories": [
"Khalaj entries with incorrect language header",
"Khalaj lemmas",
"Khalaj pronouns",
"Khalaj terms in Arabic script",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"Arabic spelling of biz (“we”)"
],
"links": [
[
"biz",
"biz#Khalaj"
],
[
"we",
"we"
]
],
"tags": [
"Arabic",
"alt-of"
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "bız",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "kmz",
"2": "pronoun",
"head": "بیز",
"tr": "bız"
},
"expansion": "بیز (bız)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Khorasani Turkish",
"lang_code": "kmz",
"pos": "pron",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Khorasani Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Khorasani Turkish lemmas",
"Khorasani Turkish pronouns",
"Khorasani Turkish terms in nonstandard scripts",
"Khorasani Turkish terms with redundant head parameter",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries"
],
"glosses": [
"We"
],
"links": [
[
"We",
"We"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/bɯz/"
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "tr",
"2": "biz"
},
"expansion": "Turkish: biz",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Turkish: biz"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "hy",
"2": "բիզ",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Armenian: բիզ (biz)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Armenian: բիզ (biz)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "lzz",
"2": "ბიზი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Laz: ბიზი (bizi)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Laz: ბიზი (bizi)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "trk-pro",
"3": "*bińŕ",
"t": "awl"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Turkic *bińŕ (“awl”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "az",
"2": "biz"
},
"expansion": "Azerbaijani biz",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ba",
"2": "беҙ"
},
"expansion": "Bashkir беҙ (beź)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kk",
"2": "бiз"
},
"expansion": "Kazakh бiз (biz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kjh",
"2": "піс"
},
"expansion": "Khakas піс (pìs)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nog",
"2": "биз"
},
"expansion": "Nogai биз (biz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ug",
"2": "بېگىز"
},
"expansion": "Uyghur بېگىز (bëgiz)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "uz",
"2": "bigiz"
},
"expansion": "Uzbek bigiz",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Turkic *bińŕ (“awl”); cognate with Azerbaijani biz, Bashkir беҙ (beź), Kazakh бiз (biz), Khakas піс (pìs), Nogai биз (biz), Uyghur بېگىز (bëgiz) and Uzbek bigiz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ota",
"2": "noun",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز • (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Ottoman Turkish",
"lang_code": "ota",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Ottoman Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
"Ottoman Turkish lemmas",
"Ottoman Turkish nouns",
"Ottoman Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
"Ottoman Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"ota:Tools"
],
"glosses": [
"awl, a pointed instrument for piercing small holes"
],
"links": [
[
"awl",
"awl"
],
[
"instrument",
"instrument"
],
[
"hole",
"hole"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "درفش"
},
{
"word": "مخرز"
}
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
{
"forms": [
{
"form": "biz",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fa",
"2": "verb form",
"tr": "biz"
},
"expansion": "بیز • (biz)",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Persian",
"lang_code": "fa",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 7 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Persian entries with incorrect language header",
"Persian non-lemma forms",
"Persian verb forms"
],
"form_of": [
{
"extra": "bixtan",
"word": "بیختن"
}
],
"glosses": [
"present stem form of بیختن (bixtan)"
],
"links": [
[
"بیختن",
"بیختن#Persian"
]
],
"tags": [
"form-of",
"present",
"stem"
]
}
],
"word": "بیز"
}
Download raw JSONL data for بیز meaning in All languages combined (17.7kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-13 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (4ba5975 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.