See граница on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for граница meaning in All languages combined (19.0kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра́ница",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gránica",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ница",
"roman": "gránica",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ници",
"roman": "gránici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ницата",
"roman": "gránicata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ниците",
"roman": "gránicite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра́ница",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "гра́ница • (gránica) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра́ница<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "graniča",
"word": "гранича"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ograničavam",
"word": "ограничавам"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"roman": "ograničenie",
"word": "ограничение"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "abroad",
"roman": "zad granica",
"text": "зад граница",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, boundary, frontier (the line or frontier area separating regions)"
],
"id": "en-граница-bg-noun-IACEw4cy",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
],
[
"frontier",
"frontier"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "within the limits of",
"roman": "v granicite na",
"text": "в границите на",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"limit, bound"
],
"id": "en-граница-bg-noun-JKPZdztX",
"links": [
[
"limit",
"limit"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡranit͡sɐ]"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "graníca",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"roman": "graníca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ци",
"roman": "graníci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цата",
"roman": "granícata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ците",
"roman": "granícite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "грани́ца",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "грани́ца • (graníca) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "грани́ца<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "11 1 88",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"sessile oak"
],
"id": "en-граница-bg-noun-cEbtl4oV",
"links": [
[
"sessile oak",
"sessile oak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) sessile oak"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "гору́н"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrɐˈnit͡sɐ]"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "granica",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граничен",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-f-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "граница",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границата",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "границите",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "границава",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границиве",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "границана",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границине",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "граници",
"adj": "граничен"
},
"expansion": "граница • (granica) f (plural граници, relational adjective граничен)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "границ"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-f-e"
},
{
"args": {
"def_dist_pl": "границине",
"def_dist_sg": "границана",
"def_prox_pl": "границиве",
"def_prox_sg": "границава",
"def_unsp_pl": "границите",
"def_unsp_sg": "границата",
"ind_pl": "граници",
"ind_sg": "граница",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "граници",
"voc_sg": "границе"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Macedonian feminine nouns with vocatives in -е",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border"
],
"id": "en-граница-mk-noun-TxpV3kC8",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡranit͡sa]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-it͡sa"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9296 (mkd)-Bjankuloski06-граница.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "кыраныысса",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yakut: кыраныысса (kıranııssa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yakut: кыраныысса (kıranııssa)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "граница",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic граница (granica)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "граница"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic граница (granica)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-mru",
"2": "рубежъ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Russian рубежъ (rubež)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "грань",
"3": "-и́ца"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, грань (granʹ) + -и́ца (-íca)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic граница (granica) attested in Southern Rus' since 1375 and speculated to be an Old Polish loan, even though there's no scholar consensus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *granica. The more common Muscovite term was Middle Russian рубежъ (rubež), but it was to some extent displaced, perhaps under Polish and Ruthenian infuence. By surface analysis, грань (granʹ) + -и́ца (-íca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "graníca",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ц",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ц-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"roman": "graníca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ц",
"roman": "graníc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́це",
"roman": "graníce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цам",
"roman": "granícam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цу",
"roman": "granícu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цей",
"roman": "granícej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цею",
"roman": "graníceju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цами",
"roman": "granícami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́це",
"roman": "graníce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цах",
"roman": "granícax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ц-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"roman": "graníca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цъ",
"roman": "graníc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цѣ",
"roman": "granícě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цамъ",
"roman": "granícam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цу",
"roman": "granícu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цей",
"roman": "granícej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цею",
"roman": "graníceju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цами",
"roman": "granícami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цѣ",
"roman": "granícě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цахъ",
"roman": "granícax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "грани́ца"
},
"expansion": "грани́ца • (graníca) f inan (genitive грани́цы, nominative plural грани́цы, genitive plural грани́ц)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Russian terms suffixed with -ица",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to cross the border",
"roman": "pereséčʹ granícu",
"text": "пересе́чь грани́цу",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, boundary, bounds, confines, frontier"
],
"id": "en-граница-ru-noun-0yVsy6fO",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
],
[
"bounds",
"bounds"
],
[
"confines",
"confines"
],
[
"frontier",
"frontier"
]
],
"related": [
{
"roman": "graníčitʹ",
"word": "грани́чить"
},
{
"roman": "graničnyj",
"word": "граничный"
},
{
"roman": "zagraníca",
"word": "заграни́ца"
},
{
"roman": "zagraníčnyj",
"word": "заграни́чный"
},
{
"roman": "neograníčennyj",
"word": "неограни́ченный"
},
{
"roman": "ograníčennyj",
"word": "ограни́ченный"
},
{
"roman": "ograničénije",
"word": "ограниче́ние"
},
{
"roman": "pograníčnik",
"word": "пограни́чник"
},
{
"roman": "pograníčnyj",
"word": "пограни́чный"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "преде́л"
},
{
"roman": "rubež",
"word": "рубеж"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrɐˈnʲit͡sə]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-граница.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/Ru-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Ru-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гра́на"
},
"expansion": "гра́на",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica. Compare гра́на.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̀ница",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "grànica",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "граница",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граница",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границама",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границу",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границо",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границама",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границама",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "гра̀ница"
},
"expansion": "гра̀ница f (Latin spelling grànica)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"гра‧ни‧ца"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "граница",
"10": "границе",
"11": "граници",
"12": "границама",
"13": "границом",
"14": "границама",
"2": "границе",
"3": "границе",
"4": "граница",
"5": "граници",
"6": "границама",
"7": "границу",
"8": "границе",
"9": "границо"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "58 42",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "country border",
"text": "државна граница",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to cross the border",
"text": "прећи границу",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border"
],
"id": "en-граница-sh-noun-TxpV3kC8",
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations",
"parents": [
"Terms with collocations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "within the boundaries of law",
"text": "у границама закона",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You crossed the line!",
"text": "прешао си границу!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boundary, limit"
],
"id": "en-граница-sh-noun-xFOyzTvb",
"links": [
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
],
[
"limit",
"limit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrǎnit͡sa/"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine nouns",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "bg",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра́ница",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "gránica",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ница",
"roman": "gránica",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ници",
"roman": "gránici",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ницата",
"roman": "gránicata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "гра́ниците",
"roman": "gránicite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра́ница",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "гра́ница • (gránica) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "гра́ница<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "graniča",
"word": "гранича"
},
{
"roman": "ograničavam",
"word": "ограничавам"
},
{
"roman": "ograničenie",
"word": "ограничение"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "abroad",
"roman": "zad granica",
"text": "зад граница",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, boundary, frontier (the line or frontier area separating regions)"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
],
[
"frontier",
"frontier"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "within the limits of",
"roman": "v granicite na",
"text": "в границите на",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"limit, bound"
],
"links": [
[
"limit",
"limit"
],
[
"bound",
"bound"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡranit͡sɐ]"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian entries with incorrect language header",
"Bulgarian feminine nouns",
"Bulgarian lemmas",
"Bulgarian nouns",
"Bulgarian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"forms": [
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "graníca",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "bg-ndecl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"roman": "graníca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ци",
"roman": "graníci",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цата",
"roman": "granícata",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ците",
"roman": "granícite",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "грани́ца",
"2": "f"
},
"expansion": "грани́ца • (graníca) f",
"name": "bg-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "грани́ца<>"
},
"name": "bg-ndecl"
}
],
"lang": "Bulgarian",
"lang_code": "bg",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Bulgarian dialectal terms"
],
"glosses": [
"sessile oak"
],
"links": [
[
"sessile oak",
"sessile oak"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(dialectal) sessile oak"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "гору́н"
}
],
"tags": [
"dialectal"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrɐˈnit͡sɐ]"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "mk",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "granica",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граничен",
"tags": [
"adjective",
"relational"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "mk-decl-noun-f-e",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "граница",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"indefinite",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границата",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"singular",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "границите",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"unspecified"
]
},
{
"form": "границава",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"proximal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границиве",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"plural",
"proximal"
]
},
{
"form": "границана",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границине",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"definite",
"distal",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"2": "граници",
"adj": "граничен"
},
"expansion": "граница • (granica) f (plural граници, relational adjective граничен)",
"name": "mk-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "границ"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-f-e"
},
{
"args": {
"def_dist_pl": "границине",
"def_dist_sg": "границана",
"def_prox_pl": "границиве",
"def_prox_sg": "границава",
"def_unsp_pl": "границите",
"def_unsp_sg": "границата",
"ind_pl": "граници",
"ind_sg": "граница",
"n": "",
"voc_pl": "граници",
"voc_sg": "границе"
},
"name": "mk-decl-noun-table"
}
],
"lang": "Macedonian",
"lang_code": "mk",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Macedonian 3-syllable words",
"Macedonian entries with incorrect language header",
"Macedonian feminine nouns",
"Macedonian feminine nouns with vocatives in -е",
"Macedonian lemmas",
"Macedonian nouns",
"Macedonian proparoxytone terms",
"Macedonian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Macedonian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Macedonian terms with audio links",
"Rhymes:Macedonian/it͡sa",
"Rhymes:Macedonian/it͡sa/3 syllables"
],
"glosses": [
"border"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ˈɡranit͡sa]"
},
{
"rhymes": "-it͡sa"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9296 (mkd)-Bjankuloski06-граница.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d5/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav/LL-Q9296_%28mkd%29-Bjankuloski06-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.wav.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sah",
"2": "кыраныысса",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Yakut: кыраныысса (kıranııssa)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Yakut: кыраныысса (kıranııssa)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "граница",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old East Slavic граница (granica)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "orv",
"3": "граница"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old East Slavic граница (granica)",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "zle-mru",
"2": "рубежъ"
},
"expansion": "Middle Russian рубежъ (rubež)",
"name": "noncog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ru",
"2": "грань",
"3": "-и́ца"
},
"expansion": "By surface analysis, грань (granʹ) + -и́ца (-íca)",
"name": "surf"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old East Slavic граница (granica) attested in Southern Rus' since 1375 and speculated to be an Old Polish loan, even though there's no scholar consensus, ultimately from Proto-Slavic *granica. The more common Muscovite term was Middle Russian рубежъ (rubež), but it was to some extent displaced, perhaps under Polish and Ruthenian infuence. By surface analysis, грань (granʹ) + -и́ца (-íca).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "graníca",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ц",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ц-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"roman": "graníca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ц",
"roman": "graníc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́це",
"roman": "graníce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цам",
"roman": "granícam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цу",
"roman": "granícu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цей",
"roman": "granícej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цею",
"roman": "graníceju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цами",
"roman": "granícami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́це",
"roman": "graníce",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цах",
"roman": "granícax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "ru-noun-table",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ц-stem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "accent-a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́ца",
"roman": "graníca",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цъ",
"roman": "graníc",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цѣ",
"roman": "granícě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цамъ",
"roman": "granícam",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цу",
"roman": "granícu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цы",
"roman": "granícy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dated",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цей",
"roman": "granícej",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цею",
"roman": "graníceju",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цами",
"roman": "granícami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цѣ",
"roman": "granícě",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"prepositional",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "грани́цахъ",
"roman": "granícax",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dated",
"plural",
"prepositional"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "грани́ца"
},
"expansion": "грани́ца • (graníca) f inan (genitive грани́цы, nominative plural грани́цы, genitive plural грани́ц)",
"name": "ru-noun+"
}
],
"lang": "Russian",
"lang_code": "ru",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"roman": "graníčitʹ",
"word": "грани́чить"
},
{
"roman": "graničnyj",
"word": "граничный"
},
{
"roman": "zagraníca",
"word": "заграни́ца"
},
{
"roman": "zagraníčnyj",
"word": "заграни́чный"
},
{
"roman": "neograníčennyj",
"word": "неограни́ченный"
},
{
"roman": "ograníčennyj",
"word": "ограни́ченный"
},
{
"roman": "ograničénije",
"word": "ограниче́ние"
},
{
"roman": "pograníčnik",
"word": "пограни́чник"
},
{
"roman": "pograníčnyj",
"word": "пограни́чный"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Russian 3-syllable words",
"Russian entries with incorrect language header",
"Russian feminine nouns",
"Russian inanimate nouns",
"Russian lemmas",
"Russian links with redundant wikilinks",
"Russian nouns",
"Russian nouns with accent pattern a",
"Russian terms derived from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Russian terms inherited from Old East Slavic",
"Russian terms suffixed with -ица",
"Russian terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Russian terms with audio links",
"Russian terms with usage examples",
"Russian ц-stem feminine-form accent-a nouns",
"Russian ц-stem feminine-form nouns"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "to cross the border",
"roman": "pereséčʹ granícu",
"text": "пересе́чь грани́цу",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border, boundary, bounds, confines, frontier"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
],
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
],
[
"bounds",
"bounds"
],
[
"confines",
"confines"
],
[
"frontier",
"frontier"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "преде́л"
}
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɡrɐˈnʲit͡sə]"
},
{
"audio": "Ru-граница.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/d/d6/Ru-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.ogg/Ru-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/d/d6/Ru-%D0%B3%D1%80%D0%B0%D0%BD%D0%B8%D1%86%D0%B0.ogg",
"text": "Audio"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"roman": "rubež",
"word": "рубеж"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian entries with incorrect language header",
"Serbo-Croatian feminine nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian lemmas",
"Serbo-Croatian nouns",
"Serbo-Croatian terms derived from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms inherited from Proto-Slavic",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "sla-pro",
"3": "*granica"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sh",
"2": "гра́на"
},
"expansion": "гра́на",
"name": "m"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Slavic *granica. Compare гра́на.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "гра̀ница",
"tags": [
"canonical",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"form": "grànica",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "sh-decl-noun\n",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "граница",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "граница",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границама",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границу",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границо",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "границе",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "граници",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границама",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "границом",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "границама",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"g": "f",
"head": "гра̀ница"
},
"expansion": "гра̀ница f (Latin spelling grànica)",
"name": "sh-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"гра‧ни‧ца"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "граница",
"10": "границе",
"11": "граници",
"12": "границама",
"13": "границом",
"14": "границама",
"2": "границе",
"3": "границе",
"4": "граница",
"5": "граници",
"6": "границама",
"7": "границу",
"8": "границе",
"9": "границо"
},
"name": "sh-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Serbo-Croatian",
"lang_code": "sh",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "country border",
"text": "државна граница",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "to cross the border",
"text": "прећи границу",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"border"
],
"links": [
[
"border",
"border"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Serbo-Croatian terms with collocations",
"Serbo-Croatian terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "within the boundaries of law",
"text": "у границама закона",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "You crossed the line!",
"text": "прешао си границу!",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"boundary, limit"
],
"links": [
[
"boundary",
"boundary"
],
[
"limit",
"limit"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ɡrǎnit͡sa/"
}
],
"word": "граница"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.