"σταυρός" meaning in All languages combined

See σταυρός on Wiktionary

Noun [Ancient Greek]

IPA: /stau̯.rós/, /staˈβros/, /staˈvros/, /stau̯.rós/ (note: 5ᵗʰ BCE Attic), /stawˈros/ (note: 1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian), /staˈβros/ (note: 4ᵗʰ CE Koine), /staˈvros/ (note: 10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine), /staˈvros/ (note: 15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan)
Etymology: From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂u-rós (“pole”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”).; see also ῐ̔́στημῐ (hístēmi, “to set up, make stand”). Cognate with Icelandic staur (“stake, pole”), English stour (“id”), Swedish stör. Compare also staff. Etymology templates: {{root|grc|ine-pro|*steh₂-}}, {{inh|grc|ine-pro||*steh₂u-rós|t=pole}} Proto-Indo-European *steh₂u-rós (“pole”), {{cog|is|staur|t=stake, pole}} Icelandic staur (“stake, pole”), {{cog|en|stour|t=id}} English stour (“id”), {{cog|sv|stör}} Swedish stör Head templates: {{grc-noun|σταυροῦ|m|second}} σταυρός • (staurós) m (genitive σταυροῦ); second declension Inflection templates: {{grc-decl|σταυρός|οῦ}}, {{grc-decl|σταυρός|οῦ|dial=epi}} Forms: staurós [romanization], σταυροῦ [genitive], Attic declension-2 [table-tags], ὁ σταυρός [nominative, singular], τὼ σταυρώ [dual, nominative], οἱ σταυροί [nominative, plural], τοῦ σταυροῦ [genitive, singular], τοῖν σταυροῖν [dual, genitive], τῶν σταυρῶν [genitive, plural], τῷ σταυρῷ [dative, singular], τοῖν σταυροῖν [dative, dual], τοῖς σταυροῖς [dative, plural], τὸν σταυρόν [accusative, singular], τὼ σταυρώ [accusative, dual], τοὺς σταυρούς [accusative, plural], σταυρέ [singular, vocative], σταυρώ [dual, vocative], σταυροί [plural, vocative], Epic declension-2 [table-tags], σταυρός [nominative, singular], σταυρώ [dual, nominative], σταυροί [nominative, plural], σταυροῦ [genitive, singular], σταυροῖο [genitive, singular], σταυρόο [genitive, singular], σταυροῖῐν [dual, genitive], σταυρῶν [genitive, plural], σταυρῷ [dative, singular], σταυροῖῐν [dative, dual], σταυροῖσῐ [dative, plural], σταυροῖσῐν [dative, plural], σταυροῖς [dative, plural], stauroîsi [dative, plural], stauroîsin [dative, plural], stauroîs [dative, plural], σταυρόν [accusative, singular], σταυρώ [accusative, dual], σταυρούς [accusative, plural], σταυρέ [singular, vocative], σταυρώ [dual, vocative], σταυροί [plural, vocative]
  1. upright stake or pile
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-grc-noun-doLtQ-vZ Categories (other): Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header, Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension, Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified Disambiguation of Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header: 64 36 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension: 63 37 Disambiguation of Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified: 69 31
  2. cross, crucifix
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-grc-noun-xCkBS5fl
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: πᾶλος (pâlos), σκόλοψ (skólops), στᾰ́λῐξ (stálix), χᾰ́ρᾰξ (khárax), βορσός(Elean)(Note that this has been attested in the accusative, and it is the theoretical nominative that would be .) (borsós) (english: βορσόν; βορσός)
Derived forms: ᾰ̓νᾰσταυρῐ́ζω (anastaurízō), ᾰ̓νᾰσταυρόω (anastauróō), ᾰ̓νᾰσταύρωσῐς (anastaúrōsis), ᾰ̓ποσταυρόω (apostauróō), δῐᾰσταυρόω (diastauróō), πᾰρᾰσταυρόω (parastauróō), περῐσταυρόω (peristauróō), περῐσταύρωμᾰ (peristaúrōma), προᾰποσταυρόω (proapostauróō), προσσταυρόω (prosstauróō), προσταυρόω (prostauróō), σταυρῐκός (staurikós), σταυρῐ́ον (stauríon), σταυροειδής (stauroeidḗs), σταυροφόρος (staurophóros), σταυρόω (stauróō), σταύρωμᾰ (staúrōma), σταύρωσῐς (staúrōsis), στεφᾰνοσταύριον (stephanostaúrion), σῠσταυρόομαι (sustauróomai)

Noun [Greek]

Etymology: From Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”). Etymology templates: {{inh|el|grc|σταυρός}} Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós), {{der|el|ine-pro|*steh₂-||to stand}} Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”) Head templates: {{head|el|nouns|||plural|σταυροί|||||||||||||||||||||||cat2=|cat3=|cat4=|g=m|g2=|g3=|head=|sort=|tr2=|ts=}} σταυρός • (stavrós) m (plural σταυροί), {{el-noun|m|σταυροί}} σταυρός • (stavrós) m (plural σταυροί) Inflection templates: {{el-decl-noun|σταυρός|σταυροί|σταυρού|σταυρών|σταυρό|σταυρούς|σταυρέ|σταυροί|note=}} Forms: stavrós [romanization], σταυροί [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], σταυρός [nominative, singular], σταυροί [nominative, plural], σταυρού [genitive, singular], σταυρών [genitive, plural], σταυρό [accusative, singular], σταυρούς [accusative, plural], σταυρέ [singular, vocative], σταυροί [plural, vocative]
  1. cross (geometrical figure)
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-iH2LXl8J
  2. (Christianity) cross, crucifix (cross on which one is crucified; usually refers to the one upon which Jesus Christ died) Categories (topical): Christianity
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-GPRxv~p~ Topics: Christianity
  3. (figuratively) cross (difficult situation that must be endured) Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-Sr~HL9Ke
  4. (Christianity) cross, crucifix (representation of the crucifixion stake of Christ worn or displayed by Christians) Categories (topical): Christianity
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-EGudshdz Topics: Christianity
  5. (Christianity) sign of the cross (gesture of the hand moving over the front of one's body in the shape of a cross) Categories (topical): Christianity
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-hK0xjGf9 Topics: Christianity
  6. (puppetry) control bar (wooden device used to control marionettes)
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-7LmHOcNV
  7. (anatomy, colloquial) glabella (space between the eyebrows and the nose) Tags: colloquial Categories (topical): Anatomy
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-YpqyuDKU Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  8. (gymnastics) Iron Cross (maneuver in which both arms are extended straight out from the sides of the body while suspended mid air and holding onto rings) Categories (topical): Gymnastics
    Sense id: en-σταυρός-el-noun-7IMEM02I Categories (other): Pages with 2 entries, Pages with entries, Greek entries with incorrect language header, Greek nouns declining like 'αδελφός' Disambiguation of Pages with 2 entries: 3 1 1 15 6 10 13 5 2 44 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 2 0 0 13 5 10 14 5 1 49 Disambiguation of Greek entries with incorrect language header: 0 14 5 9 14 5 3 50 Disambiguation of Greek nouns declining like 'αδελφός': 5 12 11 7 12 8 10 35 Topics: gymnastics, hobbies, lifestyle, sports
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: ασταύρωτος (astávrotos) (english: not crucified) [adjective], Βόρειος σταυρός (Vóreios stavrós) (english: Cygnus; constellation) [masculine], Ερυθρός Σταυρός (Erythrós Stavrós) (english: Red Cross) [masculine], πλάγιος σταυρός (plágios stavrós) (english: saltire, diagonal cross) [masculine], σταυροδρόμι (stavrodrómi) (english: crossroads) [neuter], σταυρόλεξο (stavrólexo) (english: crossword) [neuter], σταυρόνημα (stavrónima) (english: reticle, crosshairs) [neuter], Σταυρός του Νότου (Stavrós tou Nótou) (english: Crux, Southern Cross) [masculine], Σταύρος (Stávros) (english: Stavros) [name], σταυροφορία (stavroforía) (english: crusade) [feminine], σταυρώνω (stavróno) (english: to crucify, to cross)

Inflected forms

Alternative forms

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "anastaurízō",
      "word": "ᾰ̓νᾰσταυρῐ́ζω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "anastauróō",
      "word": "ᾰ̓νᾰσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "anastaúrōsis",
      "word": "ᾰ̓νᾰσταύρωσῐς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "apostauróō",
      "word": "ᾰ̓ποσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "diastauróō",
      "word": "δῐᾰσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "parastauróō",
      "word": "πᾰρᾰσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "peristauróō",
      "word": "περῐσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "peristaúrōma",
      "word": "περῐσταύρωμᾰ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "proapostauróō",
      "word": "προᾰποσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "prosstauróō",
      "word": "προσσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "prostauróō",
      "word": "προσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "staurikós",
      "word": "σταυρῐκός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stauríon",
      "word": "σταυρῐ́ον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stauroeidḗs",
      "word": "σταυροειδής"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "staurophóros",
      "word": "σταυροφόρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stauróō",
      "word": "σταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "staúrōma",
      "word": "σταύρωμᾰ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "staúrōsis",
      "word": "σταύρωσῐς"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stephanostaúrion",
      "word": "στεφᾰνοσταύριον"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "sustauróomai",
      "word": "σῠσταυρόομαι"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "σταυρός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: σταυρός (stavrós)\n→ Gagauz: stavroz\n→ Turkish: istavroz",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: σταυρός (stavrós)\n→ Gagauz: stavroz\n→ Turkish: istavroz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cop",
            "2": "ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ (stauros)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Coptic: ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ (stauros)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*steh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*steh₂u-rós",
        "t": "pole"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steh₂u-rós (“pole”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "staur",
        "t": "stake, pole"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic staur (“stake, pole”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "stour",
        "t": "id"
      },
      "expansion": "English stour (“id”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "stör"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish stör",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂u-rós (“pole”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”).; see also ῐ̔́στημῐ (hístēmi, “to set up, make stand”). Cognate with Icelandic staur (“stake, pole”), English stour (“id”), Swedish stör. Compare also staff.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "staurós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῦ",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ σταυρός",
      "roman": "ho staurós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σταυρώ",
      "roman": "tṑ staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ σταυροί",
      "roman": "hoi stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ σταυροῦ",
      "roman": "toû stauroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σταυροῖν",
      "roman": "toîn stauroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν σταυρῶν",
      "roman": "tôn staurôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ σταυρῷ",
      "roman": "tôi staurôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σταυροῖν",
      "roman": "toîn stauroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς σταυροῖς",
      "roman": "toîs stauroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν σταυρόν",
      "roman": "tòn staurón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σταυρώ",
      "roman": "tṑ staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς σταυρούς",
      "roman": "toùs stauroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρέ",
      "roman": "stauré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "roman": "stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Epic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρός",
      "roman": "staurós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "roman": "stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῦ",
      "roman": "stauroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖο",
      "roman": "stauroîo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρόο",
      "roman": "stauróo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖῐν",
      "roman": "stauroîin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρῶν",
      "roman": "staurôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρῷ",
      "roman": "staurôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖῐν",
      "roman": "stauroîin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖς",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stauroîsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stauroîsin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stauroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρόν",
      "roman": "staurón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρούς",
      "roman": "stauroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρέ",
      "roman": "stauré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "roman": "stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυροῦ",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "σταυρός • (staurós) m (genitive σταυροῦ); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυρός",
        "2": "οῦ"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυρός",
        "2": "οῦ",
        "dial": "epi"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "64 36",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "63 37",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "69 31",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Outside he had driven stakes the whole length, this way and that.",
          "ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.11",
          "roman": "stauroùs d’ ektòs élasse diamperès éntha kaì éntha",
          "text": "σταυροὺς δ’ ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε διαμπερὲς ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "upright stake or pile"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-grc-noun-doLtQ-vZ",
      "links": [
        [
          "stake",
          "stake"
        ],
        [
          "pile",
          "pile"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "If you are the son of God, come down from the cross!",
          "ref": "70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 27:40",
          "roman": "ei huiòs eî toû theoû, katábēthi apò toû stauroû.",
          "text": "εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ, κατάβηθι απὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross, crucifix"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-grc-noun-xCkBS5fl",
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "crucifix",
          "crucifix"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/stau̯.rós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈβros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈvros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/stau̯.rós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/stawˈros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈβros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈvros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈvros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "pâlos",
      "word": "πᾶλος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "skólops",
      "word": "σκόλοψ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "stálix",
      "word": "στᾰ́λῐξ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "roman": "khárax",
      "word": "χᾰ́ρᾰξ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "βορσόν; βορσός",
      "roman": "borsós",
      "word": "βορσός(Elean)(Note that this has been attested in the accusative, and it is the theoretical nominative that would be .)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "σταυρός"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "not crucified",
      "roman": "astávrotos",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "ασταύρωτος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Cygnus; constellation",
      "roman": "Vóreios stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Βόρειος σταυρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Red Cross",
      "roman": "Erythrós Stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ερυθρός Σταυρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "saltire, diagonal cross",
      "roman": "plágios stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "πλάγιος σταυρός"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "crossroads",
      "roman": "stavrodrómi",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σταυροδρόμι"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "crossword",
      "roman": "stavrólexo",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σταυρόλεξο"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "reticle, crosshairs",
      "roman": "stavrónima",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σταυρόνημα"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Crux, Southern Cross",
      "roman": "Stavrós tou Nótou",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Σταυρός του Νότου"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "Stavros",
      "roman": "Stávros",
      "tags": [
        "name"
      ],
      "word": "Σταύρος"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "crusade",
      "roman": "stavroforía",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "σταυροφορία"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "to crucify, to cross",
      "roman": "stavróno",
      "word": "σταυρώνω"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "stavroz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gagauz: stavroz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gagauz: stavroz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "istavroz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkish: istavroz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkish: istavroz"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "σταυρός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*steh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to stand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "el-nM-ος-οι-1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρός",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρού",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρών",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρό",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρούς",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρέ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "27": "",
        "28": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "σταυροί",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "cat4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr2": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "σταυρός • (stavrós) m (plural σταυροί)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "σταυροί"
      },
      "expansion": "σταυρός • (stavrós) m (plural σταυροί)",
      "name": "el-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυρός",
        "2": "σταυροί",
        "3": "σταυρού",
        "4": "σταυρών",
        "5": "σταυρό",
        "6": "σταυρούς",
        "7": "σταυρέ",
        "8": "σταυροί",
        "note": ""
      },
      "name": "el-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Greek",
  "lang_code": "el",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Since my grandfather is illiterate, he signs with a cross.",
          "roman": "Epeidí o pappoús mou eínai agrámmatos, ypográfei me stavró.",
          "text": "Επειδή ο παππούς μου είναι αγράμματος, υπογράφει με σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross (geometrical figure)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-iH2LXl8J",
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "el:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Christ died on the cross.",
          "roman": "O Christós péthane páno sto stavró.",
          "text": "Ο Χριστός πέθανε πάνω στο σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross, crucifix (cross on which one is crucified; usually refers to the one upon which Jesus Christ died)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-GPRxv~p~",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "crucifix",
          "crucifix"
        ],
        [
          "Jesus Christ",
          "Jesus Christ#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) cross, crucifix (cross on which one is crucified; usually refers to the one upon which Jesus Christ died)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Everyone has their own cross to bear.",
          "roman": "O kathénas sikónei megálo stavró.",
          "text": "Ο καθένας σηκώνει μεγάλο σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross (difficult situation that must be endured)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-Sr~HL9Ke",
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) cross (difficult situation that must be endured)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "el:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The archbishop is wearing a gold cross.",
          "roman": "O archiepískopos foráei chrysó stavró.",
          "text": "Ο αρχιεπίσκοπος φοράει χρυσό σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross, crucifix (representation of the crucifixion stake of Christ worn or displayed by Christians)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-EGudshdz",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "crucifix",
          "crucifix"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) cross, crucifix (representation of the crucifixion stake of Christ worn or displayed by Christians)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Christianity",
          "orig": "el:Christianity",
          "parents": [
            "Abrahamism",
            "Religion",
            "Culture",
            "Society",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I make (the sign of) the cross",
          "roman": "káno ton stavró mou",
          "text": "κάνω τον σταυρό μου",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sign of the cross (gesture of the hand moving over the front of one's body in the shape of a cross)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-hK0xjGf9",
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "sign of the cross",
          "sign of the cross"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) sign of the cross (gesture of the hand moving over the front of one's body in the shape of a cross)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "control bar (wooden device used to control marionettes)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-7LmHOcNV",
      "links": [
        [
          "control",
          "control"
        ],
        [
          "bar",
          "bar"
        ],
        [
          "marionettes",
          "marionette#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(puppetry) control bar (wooden device used to control marionettes)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "el:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "Healthcare",
            "All topics",
            "Health",
            "Fundamental",
            "Body"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "glabella (space between the eyebrows and the nose)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-YpqyuDKU",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "glabella",
          "glabella"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy, colloquial) glabella (space between the eyebrows and the nose)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "el",
          "name": "Gymnastics",
          "orig": "el:Gymnastics",
          "parents": [
            "Sports",
            "Human activity",
            "Human behaviour",
            "Human",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "3 1 1 15 6 10 13 5 2 44",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 2 entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "2 0 0 13 5 10 14 5 1 49",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "0 14 5 9 14 5 3 50",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "5 12 11 7 12 8 10 35",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Greek nouns declining like 'αδελφός'",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Iron Cross (maneuver in which both arms are extended straight out from the sides of the body while suspended mid air and holding onto rings)"
      ],
      "id": "en-σταυρός-el-noun-7IMEM02I",
      "links": [
        [
          "gymnastics",
          "gymnastics"
        ],
        [
          "Iron Cross",
          "Iron Cross"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(gymnastics) Iron Cross (maneuver in which both arms are extended straight out from the sides of the body while suspended mid air and holding onto rings)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "gymnastics",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "/staˈvɾos/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "σταυρός"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
    "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Ancient Greek lemmas",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
    "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
    "Ancient Greek nouns",
    "Ancient Greek oxytone terms",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
    "Ancient Greek second-declension nouns without gender specified",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *steh₂-",
    "Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "roman": "anastaurízō",
      "word": "ᾰ̓νᾰσταυρῐ́ζω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anastauróō",
      "word": "ᾰ̓νᾰσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "anastaúrōsis",
      "word": "ᾰ̓νᾰσταύρωσῐς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "apostauróō",
      "word": "ᾰ̓ποσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "diastauróō",
      "word": "δῐᾰσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "parastauróō",
      "word": "πᾰρᾰσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "peristauróō",
      "word": "περῐσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "peristaúrōma",
      "word": "περῐσταύρωμᾰ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "proapostauróō",
      "word": "προᾰποσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "prosstauróō",
      "word": "προσσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "prostauróō",
      "word": "προσταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "staurikós",
      "word": "σταυρῐκός"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stauríon",
      "word": "σταυρῐ́ον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stauroeidḗs",
      "word": "σταυροειδής"
    },
    {
      "roman": "staurophóros",
      "word": "σταυροφόρος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stauróō",
      "word": "σταυρόω"
    },
    {
      "roman": "staúrōma",
      "word": "σταύρωμᾰ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "staúrōsis",
      "word": "σταύρωσῐς"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stephanostaúrion",
      "word": "στεφᾰνοσταύριον"
    },
    {
      "roman": "sustauróomai",
      "word": "σῠσταυρόομαι"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "el",
            "2": "σταυρός"
          },
          "expansion": "Greek: σταυρός (stavrós)\n→ Gagauz: stavroz\n→ Turkish: istavroz",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Greek: σταυρός (stavrós)\n→ Gagauz: stavroz\n→ Turkish: istavroz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cop",
            "2": "ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Coptic: ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ (stauros)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Coptic: ⲥⲧⲁⲩⲣⲟⲥ (stauros)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*steh₂-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "",
        "4": "*steh₂u-rós",
        "t": "pole"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steh₂u-rós (“pole”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "is",
        "2": "staur",
        "t": "stake, pole"
      },
      "expansion": "Icelandic staur (“stake, pole”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "en",
        "2": "stour",
        "t": "id"
      },
      "expansion": "English stour (“id”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sv",
        "2": "stör"
      },
      "expansion": "Swedish stör",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *steh₂u-rós (“pole”), from *steh₂- (“to stand”).; see also ῐ̔́στημῐ (hístēmi, “to set up, make stand”). Cognate with Icelandic staur (“stake, pole”), English stour (“id”), Swedish stör. Compare also staff.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "staurós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῦ",
      "tags": [
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Attic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ὁ σταυρός",
      "roman": "ho staurós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σταυρώ",
      "roman": "tṑ staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "οἱ σταυροί",
      "roman": "hoi stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῦ σταυροῦ",
      "roman": "toû stauroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σταυροῖν",
      "roman": "toîn stauroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῶν σταυρῶν",
      "roman": "tôn staurôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τῷ σταυρῷ",
      "roman": "tôi staurôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖν σταυροῖν",
      "roman": "toîn stauroîn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοῖς σταυροῖς",
      "roman": "toîs stauroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὸν σταυρόν",
      "roman": "tòn staurón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τὼ σταυρώ",
      "roman": "tṑ staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "τοὺς σταυρούς",
      "roman": "toùs stauroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρέ",
      "roman": "stauré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "roman": "stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Epic declension-2",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "grc-decl",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Second declension",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρός",
      "roman": "staurós",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "roman": "stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῦ",
      "roman": "stauroû",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖο",
      "roman": "stauroîo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρόο",
      "roman": "stauróo",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖῐν",
      "roman": "stauroîin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρῶν",
      "roman": "staurôn",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρῷ",
      "roman": "staurôi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖῐν",
      "roman": "stauroîin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖσῐ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖσῐν",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροῖς",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stauroîsi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stauroîsin",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "stauroîs",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρόν",
      "roman": "staurón",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρούς",
      "roman": "stauroús",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρέ",
      "roman": "stauré",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρώ",
      "roman": "staurṓ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "roman": "stauroí",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυροῦ",
        "2": "m",
        "3": "second"
      },
      "expansion": "σταυρός • (staurós) m (genitive σταυροῦ); second declension",
      "name": "grc-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυρός",
        "2": "οῦ"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυρός",
        "2": "οῦ",
        "dial": "epi"
      },
      "name": "grc-decl"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Ancient Greek",
  "lang_code": "grc",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Outside he had driven stakes the whole length, this way and that.",
          "ref": "800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Odyssey 14.11",
          "roman": "stauroùs d’ ektòs élasse diamperès éntha kaì éntha",
          "text": "σταυροὺς δ’ ἐκτὸς ἔλασσε διαμπερὲς ἔνθα καὶ ἔνθα"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "upright stake or pile"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "stake",
          "stake"
        ],
        [
          "pile",
          "pile"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Ancient Greek terms with quotations"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "If you are the son of God, come down from the cross!",
          "ref": "70 CE – 110 CE, The Gospel of Matthew 27:40",
          "roman": "ei huiòs eî toû theoû, katábēthi apò toû stauroû.",
          "text": "εἰ υἱὸς εἶ τοῦ θεοῦ, κατάβηθι απὸ τοῦ σταυροῦ."
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross, crucifix"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "crucifix",
          "crucifix"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/stau̯.rós/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈβros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈvros/"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/stau̯.rós/",
      "note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/stawˈros/",
      "note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈβros/",
      "note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈvros/",
      "note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/staˈvros/",
      "note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "roman": "pâlos",
      "word": "πᾶλος"
    },
    {
      "roman": "skólops",
      "word": "σκόλοψ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "stálix",
      "word": "στᾰ́λῐξ"
    },
    {
      "roman": "khárax",
      "word": "χᾰ́ρᾰξ"
    },
    {
      "english": "βορσόν; βορσός",
      "roman": "borsós",
      "word": "βορσός(Elean)(Note that this has been attested in the accusative, and it is the theoretical nominative that would be .)"
    }
  ],
  "word": "σταυρός"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
    "Greek lemmas",
    "Greek masculine nouns",
    "Greek nouns",
    "Greek nouns declining like 'αδελφός'",
    "Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
    "Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Greek terms inherited from Ancient Greek",
    "Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Pages with 2 entries",
    "Pages with entries"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "english": "not crucified",
      "roman": "astávrotos",
      "tags": [
        "adjective"
      ],
      "word": "ασταύρωτος"
    },
    {
      "english": "Cygnus; constellation",
      "roman": "Vóreios stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Βόρειος σταυρός"
    },
    {
      "english": "Red Cross",
      "roman": "Erythrós Stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Ερυθρός Σταυρός"
    },
    {
      "english": "saltire, diagonal cross",
      "roman": "plágios stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "πλάγιος σταυρός"
    },
    {
      "english": "crossroads",
      "roman": "stavrodrómi",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σταυροδρόμι"
    },
    {
      "english": "crossword",
      "roman": "stavrólexo",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σταυρόλεξο"
    },
    {
      "english": "reticle, crosshairs",
      "roman": "stavrónima",
      "tags": [
        "neuter"
      ],
      "word": "σταυρόνημα"
    },
    {
      "english": "Crux, Southern Cross",
      "roman": "Stavrós tou Nótou",
      "tags": [
        "masculine"
      ],
      "word": "Σταυρός του Νότου"
    },
    {
      "english": "Stavros",
      "roman": "Stávros",
      "tags": [
        "name"
      ],
      "word": "Σταύρος"
    },
    {
      "english": "crusade",
      "roman": "stavroforía",
      "tags": [
        "feminine"
      ],
      "word": "σταυροφορία"
    },
    {
      "english": "to crucify, to cross",
      "roman": "stavróno",
      "word": "σταυρώνω"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gag",
            "2": "stavroz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Gagauz: stavroz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Gagauz: stavroz"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tr",
            "2": "istavroz",
            "bor": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "→ Turkish: istavroz",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "→ Turkish: istavroz"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "grc",
        "3": "σταυρός"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*steh₂-",
        "4": "",
        "5": "to stand"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”)",
      "name": "der"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ancient Greek σταυρός (staurós), from Proto-Indo-European *steh₂- (“to stand”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "stavrós",
      "tags": [
        "romanization"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "el-nM-ος-οι-1",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρός",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρού",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρών",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρό",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρούς",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυρέ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "σταυροί",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "el",
        "10": "",
        "11": "",
        "12": "",
        "13": "",
        "14": "",
        "15": "",
        "16": "",
        "17": "",
        "18": "",
        "19": "",
        "2": "nouns",
        "20": "",
        "21": "",
        "22": "",
        "23": "",
        "24": "",
        "25": "",
        "26": "",
        "27": "",
        "28": "",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "plural",
        "6": "σταυροί",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "9": "",
        "cat2": "",
        "cat3": "",
        "cat4": "",
        "g": "m",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "head": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr2": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "σταυρός • (stavrós) m (plural σταυροί)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "m",
        "2": "σταυροί"
      },
      "expansion": "σταυρός • (stavrós) m (plural σταυροί)",
      "name": "el-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "σταυρός",
        "2": "σταυροί",
        "3": "σταυρού",
        "4": "σταυρών",
        "5": "σταυρό",
        "6": "σταυρούς",
        "7": "σταυρέ",
        "8": "σταυροί",
        "note": ""
      },
      "name": "el-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Greek",
  "lang_code": "el",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greek terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Since my grandfather is illiterate, he signs with a cross.",
          "roman": "Epeidí o pappoús mou eínai agrámmatos, ypográfei me stavró.",
          "text": "Επειδή ο παππούς μου είναι αγράμματος, υπογράφει με σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross (geometrical figure)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greek terms with usage examples",
        "el:Christianity"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Christ died on the cross.",
          "roman": "O Christós péthane páno sto stavró.",
          "text": "Ο Χριστός πέθανε πάνω στο σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross, crucifix (cross on which one is crucified; usually refers to the one upon which Jesus Christ died)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "crucifix",
          "crucifix"
        ],
        [
          "Jesus Christ",
          "Jesus Christ#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) cross, crucifix (cross on which one is crucified; usually refers to the one upon which Jesus Christ died)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greek terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Everyone has their own cross to bear.",
          "roman": "O kathénas sikónei megálo stavró.",
          "text": "Ο καθένας σηκώνει μεγάλο σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross (difficult situation that must be endured)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figuratively) cross (difficult situation that must be endured)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greek terms with usage examples",
        "el:Christianity"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The archbishop is wearing a gold cross.",
          "roman": "O archiepískopos foráei chrysó stavró.",
          "text": "Ο αρχιεπίσκοπος φοράει χρυσό σταυρό.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "cross, crucifix (representation of the crucifixion stake of Christ worn or displayed by Christians)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "cross",
          "cross"
        ],
        [
          "crucifix",
          "crucifix"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) cross, crucifix (representation of the crucifixion stake of Christ worn or displayed by Christians)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greek terms with usage examples",
        "el:Christianity"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I make (the sign of) the cross",
          "roman": "káno ton stavró mou",
          "text": "κάνω τον σταυρό μου",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "sign of the cross (gesture of the hand moving over the front of one's body in the shape of a cross)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "Christianity",
          "Christianity"
        ],
        [
          "sign of the cross",
          "sign of the cross"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(Christianity) sign of the cross (gesture of the hand moving over the front of one's body in the shape of a cross)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "Christianity"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "control bar (wooden device used to control marionettes)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "control",
          "control"
        ],
        [
          "bar",
          "bar"
        ],
        [
          "marionettes",
          "marionette#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(puppetry) control bar (wooden device used to control marionettes)"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Greek colloquialisms",
        "el:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "glabella (space between the eyebrows and the nose)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "glabella",
          "glabella"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy, colloquial) glabella (space between the eyebrows and the nose)"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "colloquial"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "el:Gymnastics"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Iron Cross (maneuver in which both arms are extended straight out from the sides of the body while suspended mid air and holding onto rings)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "gymnastics",
          "gymnastics"
        ],
        [
          "Iron Cross",
          "Iron Cross"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(gymnastics) Iron Cross (maneuver in which both arms are extended straight out from the sides of the body while suspended mid air and holding onto rings)"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "gymnastics",
        "hobbies",
        "lifestyle",
        "sports"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "other": "/staˈvɾos/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "σταυρός"
}

Download raw JSONL data for σταυρός meaning in All languages combined (18.0kB)

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: puppetry",
  "path": [
    "σταυρός"
  ],
  "section": "Greek",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "σταυρός",
  "trace": ""
}

{
  "called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
  "msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: puppetry",
  "path": [
    "σταυρός"
  ],
  "section": "Greek",
  "subsection": "noun",
  "title": "σταυρός",
  "trace": ""
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.