See λίθος on Wiktionary
Download JSON data for λίθος meaning in All languages combined (15.7kB)
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithárguros",
"word": "λιθάργυρος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithourgós",
"word": "λιθουργός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "monólithos",
"word": "μονόλιθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "líthinos",
"word": "λίθινος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithōtós",
"word": "λιθωτός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "liti",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: liti (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: liti (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-lite",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: -lite",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: -lite"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-lith",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: -lith",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: -lith"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lith-",
"3": "litho-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: lith-, litho-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: lith-, litho-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ლითონი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ლითონი (litoni)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ლითონი (litoni)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "NL.",
"2": "lithium",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ New Latin: lithium",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ New Latin: lithium (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lithium"
},
"expansion": "English: lithium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: lithium"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λεῖος",
"t": "smooth"
},
"expansion": "λεῖος (leîos, “smooth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λιτός",
"t": "simple, plain"
},
"expansion": "λιτός (litós, “simple, plain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laedō",
"t": "to strike, hurt"
},
"expansion": "laedō (“to strike, hurt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "slidùs",
"t": "slippery, slick"
},
"expansion": "slidùs (“slippery, slick”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Has been compared to λεῖος (leîos, “smooth”), λιτός (litós, “simple, plain”), Latin laedō (“to strike, hurt”), and Lithuanian slidùs (“slippery, slick”). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, noting that words for \"stone\" are often taken from a substrate language.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "λῐ́θος",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "líthos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ",
"roman": "ho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ λῐ́θος",
"roman": "hē líthos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ λῐ́θω",
"roman": "tṑ líthō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ",
"roman": "hoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ λῐ́θοι",
"roman": "hai líthoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ",
"roman": "toû",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς λῐ́θου",
"roman": "tês líthou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν λῐ́θοιν",
"roman": "toîn líthoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν λῐ́θων",
"roman": "tôn líthōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ",
"roman": "tôi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ λῐ́θῳ",
"roman": "têi líthōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν λῐ́θοιν",
"roman": "toîn líthoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς",
"roman": "toîs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς λῐ́θοις",
"roman": "taîs líthois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν",
"roman": "tòn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν λῐ́θον",
"roman": "tḕn líthon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ λῐ́θω",
"roman": "tṑ líthō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς",
"roman": "toùs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς λῐ́θους",
"roman": "tā̀s líthous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θε",
"roman": "líthe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θω",
"roman": "líthō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θοι",
"roman": "líthoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "λῐ́θος",
"2": "λῐ́θου",
"3": "m",
"4": "second"
},
"expansion": "λῐ́θος • (líthos) m (genitive λῐ́θου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "λῐ́θος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "MF"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "grc",
"name": "Rocks",
"orig": "grc:Rocks",
"parents": [
"Geology",
"Natural materials",
"Earth sciences",
"Materials",
"Nature",
"Sciences",
"Manufacturing",
"All topics",
"Human activity",
"Fundamental",
"Human behaviour",
"Human"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a stone"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-grc-noun-RjwY9s90",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πέτρος"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stone as a substance"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-grc-noun-22s3bJbm",
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πέτρα"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stone, pebble (used as as piece in a board-game)"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-grc-noun-YSfHSjZ-",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "3 7 13 76",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 8 14 74",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 7 11 77",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"large rock or stone block, used as a seat to a speaker's platform, especially in the Assembly or in the Athenian agora, where archons, arbitrators and certain witnesses swore oaths"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-grc-noun-SVP3BaL5",
"links": [
[
"rock",
"rock"
],
[
"block",
"block"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lí.tʰos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lí.tʰos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.tʰos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "λίθος"
}
{
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rock",
"roman": "vráchos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βράχος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "rock",
"roman": "pétra",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πέτρα"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "λίθος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learnedly, from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos), masculine (also feminine).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "líthos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθοι",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθος",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθοι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθου",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθων",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθους",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθε",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθοι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "λίθοι",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "nouns of mixed gender",
"cat4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "λίθος • (líthos) m or f (plural λίθοι)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "λίθοι",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "λίθος • (líthos) m or f (plural λίθοι)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"λί‧θος"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "λίθος",
"2": "λίθοι",
"3": "λίθου",
"4": "λίθων",
"5": "λίθο",
"6": "λίθους",
"7": "λίθε",
"8": "λίθοι",
"note": ""
},
"name": "el-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "cornerstone",
"roman": "akrogoniaíos líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ακρογωνιαίος λίθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "imipolýtimos líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ημιπολύτιμος λίθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "kinó pánta líthon",
"word": "κινώ πάντα λίθον"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "líthoi kaì plínthoi kaì xúla kaì kéramos atáktōs errhimména",
"word": "λίθοι, πλίνθοι και κέραμοι ατάκτως ερριμέναancient: λίθοι καὶ πλίνθοι καὶ ξύλα καὶ κέραμος ἀτάκτως ἐρριμμένα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "themélios líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θεμέλιος λίθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "polýtimos líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πολύτιμος λίθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "fossil",
"roman": "apolíthoma",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "απολίθωμα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "limestone",
"roman": "asvestólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ασβεστόλιθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithíasi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθίαση"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithikós",
"word": "λιθικός"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "líthinos",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λίθινος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "lithograph, lithography",
"roman": "lithografía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθογραφία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithóktistos",
"word": "λιθόκτιστος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithoxóos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λιθοξόος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "cobblestone",
"roman": "lithóstroto",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λιθόστρωτο"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithotripsía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθοτριψία"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "lithosphere",
"roman": "lithósfaira",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθόσφαιρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "lithódis",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθώδης"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "monólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μονόλιθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "sfragidólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σφραγιδόλιθος"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"roman": "schistólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σχιστόλιθος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "63 14 16 3 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 22 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns of mixed gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the foundation stone",
"roman": "o themélios líthos",
"text": "ο θεμέλιος λίθος",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"stone (building material)"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-el-noun-E5~j1EFG",
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "el:Medicine",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "18 22 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns of mixed gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"stone, calculus"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-el-noun-SDhPUhHT",
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"calculus",
"calculus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"(medicine, formal) stone, calculus"
],
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "el",
"name": "Archaeology",
"orig": "el:Archaeology",
"parents": [
"Anthropology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"Zoology",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Biology",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "11 17 33 18 20",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "18 22 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns of mixed gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"Εποχή του Λίθου (“Stone Age”)"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-el-noun-J7O5SX50",
"links": [
[
"archaeology",
"archaeology"
],
[
"Εποχή του Λίθου",
"Εποχή του Λίθου#Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"(archaeology) Εποχή του Λίθου (“Stone Age”)"
],
"topics": [
"archaeology",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 22 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns of mixed gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine form (in phrases): special \"stones\":",
"λυδία λίθος (“touch stone”)"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-el-noun-rYntsFkG",
"links": [
[
"λυδία λίθος",
"λυδία λίθος#Greek"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "18 22 25 18 18",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Greek nouns of mixed gender",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"feminine form (in phrases): special \"stones\":",
"φιλοσοφική λίθος (“philosopher's stone”)"
],
"id": "en-λίθος-el-noun-8Q2BE64p",
"links": [
[
"φιλοσοφική λίθος",
"φιλοσοφική λίθος#Greek"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stone",
"roman": "pétra",
"sense": "rock",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "πέτρα"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0",
"english": "stone",
"roman": "vráchos",
"sense": "rock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βράχος"
}
],
"word": "λίθος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Ancient Greek 2-syllable words",
"Ancient Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Ancient Greek lemmas",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns",
"Ancient Greek masculine nouns in the second declension",
"Ancient Greek nouns",
"Ancient Greek paroxytone terms",
"Ancient Greek second-declension nouns",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from a Pre-Greek substrate",
"Ancient Greek terms derived from substrate languages",
"Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Ancient Greek terms with redundant script codes"
],
"derived": [
{
"roman": "lithárguros",
"word": "λιθάργυρος"
},
{
"roman": "lithourgós",
"word": "λιθουργός"
},
{
"roman": "monólithos",
"word": "μονόλιθος"
},
{
"roman": "líthinos",
"word": "λίθινος"
},
{
"roman": "lithōtós",
"word": "λιθωτός"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ca",
"2": "liti",
"lbor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Catalan: liti (learned)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Catalan: liti (learned)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-lite",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: -lite",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: -lite"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "-lith",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: -lith",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: -lith"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lith-",
"3": "litho-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ English: lith-, litho-",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ English: lith-, litho-"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ka",
"2": "ლითონი",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Georgian: ლითონი (litoni)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Georgian: ლითონი (litoni)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "NL.",
"2": "lithium",
"bor": "1",
"der": "1"
},
"expansion": "→⇒ New Latin: lithium",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "(see there for further descendants)",
"name": "see desc"
}
],
"text": "→⇒ New Latin: lithium (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "lithium"
},
"expansion": "English: lithium",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: lithium"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λεῖος",
"t": "smooth"
},
"expansion": "λεῖος (leîos, “smooth”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "λιτός",
"t": "simple, plain"
},
"expansion": "λιτός (litós, “simple, plain”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "laedō",
"t": "to strike, hurt"
},
"expansion": "laedō (“to strike, hurt”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "slidùs",
"t": "slippery, slick"
},
"expansion": "slidùs (“slippery, slick”)",
"name": "m"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qsb-grc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Pre-Greek",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "qfa-sub",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "substrate",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Has been compared to λεῖος (leîos, “smooth”), λιτός (litós, “simple, plain”), Latin laedō (“to strike, hurt”), and Lithuanian slidùs (“slippery, slick”). Beekes argues for a Pre-Greek origin, noting that words for \"stone\" are often taken from a substrate language.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "λῐ́θος",
"tags": [
"canonical"
]
},
{
"form": "líthos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θου",
"tags": [
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "Attic declension-2",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "grc-decl",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "Second declension",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "ὁ",
"roman": "ho",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "ἡ λῐ́θος",
"roman": "hē líthos",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ λῐ́θω",
"roman": "tṑ líthō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"nominative"
]
},
{
"form": "οἱ",
"roman": "hoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "αἱ λῐ́θοι",
"roman": "hai líthoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῦ",
"roman": "toû",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῆς λῐ́θου",
"roman": "tês líthou",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν λῐ́θοιν",
"roman": "toîn líthoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"genitive"
]
},
{
"form": "τῶν λῐ́θων",
"roman": "tôn líthōn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τῷ",
"roman": "tôi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τῇ λῐ́θῳ",
"roman": "têi líthōi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖν λῐ́θοιν",
"roman": "toîn líthoin",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοῖς",
"roman": "toîs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "ταῖς λῐ́θοις",
"roman": "taîs líthois",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τὸν",
"roman": "tòn",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὴν λῐ́θον",
"roman": "tḕn líthon",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "τὼ λῐ́θω",
"roman": "tṑ líthō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"dual"
]
},
{
"form": "τοὺς",
"roman": "toùs",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "τᾱ̀ς λῐ́θους",
"roman": "tā̀s líthous",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θε",
"roman": "líthe",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θω",
"roman": "líthō",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dual",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "λῐ́θοι",
"roman": "líthoi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "λῐ́θος",
"2": "λῐ́θου",
"3": "m",
"4": "second"
},
"expansion": "λῐ́θος • (líthos) m (genitive λῐ́θου); second declension",
"name": "grc-noun"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "λῐ́θος",
"2": "ου",
"form": "MF"
},
"name": "grc-decl"
}
],
"lang": "Ancient Greek",
"lang_code": "grc",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"grc:Rocks"
],
"glosses": [
"a stone"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πέτρος"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stone as a substance"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "πέτρα"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"stone, pebble (used as as piece in a board-game)"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"pebble",
"pebble"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"large rock or stone block, used as a seat to a speaker's platform, especially in the Assembly or in the Athenian agora, where archons, arbitrators and certain witnesses swore oaths"
],
"links": [
[
"rock",
"rock"
],
[
"block",
"block"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/lí.tʰos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/"
},
{
"ipa": "/lí.tʰos/",
"note": "5ᵗʰ BCE Attic"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.tʰos/",
"note": "1ˢᵗ CE Egyptian"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/",
"note": "4ᵗʰ CE Koine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/",
"note": "10ᵗʰ CE Byzantine"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/",
"note": "15ᵗʰ CE Constantinopolitan"
}
],
"word": "λίθος"
}
{
"categories": [
"Greek entries with incorrect language header",
"Greek feminine nouns",
"Greek lemmas",
"Greek masculine nouns",
"Greek nouns",
"Greek nouns declining like 'δρόμος'",
"Greek nouns of mixed gender",
"Greek nouns with multiple genders",
"Greek terms derived from Ancient Greek",
"Greek terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"coordinate_terms": [
{
"english": "rock",
"roman": "vráchos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βράχος"
},
{
"english": "rock",
"roman": "pétra",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "πέτρα"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"2": "grc",
"3": "λίθος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learnedly, from Ancient Greek λίθος (líthos), masculine (also feminine).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "líthos",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθοι",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "el-nM-ος-οι-2a",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθος",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθοι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθου",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθων",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθο",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθους",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθε",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "λίθοι",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "el",
"10": "",
"11": "",
"12": "",
"13": "",
"14": "",
"15": "",
"16": "",
"17": "",
"18": "",
"19": "",
"2": "nouns",
"20": "",
"21": "",
"22": "",
"23": "",
"24": "",
"25": "",
"26": "",
"27": "",
"28": "",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "plural",
"6": "λίθοι",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"9": "",
"cat2": "",
"cat3": "nouns of mixed gender",
"cat4": "",
"g": "m",
"g2": "f",
"g3": "",
"head": "",
"sort": "",
"tr2": ""
},
"expansion": "λίθος • (líthos) m or f (plural λίθοι)",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "m",
"2": "λίθοι",
"g2": "f"
},
"expansion": "λίθος • (líthos) m or f (plural λίθοι)",
"name": "el-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"λί‧θος"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "λίθος",
"2": "λίθοι",
"3": "λίθου",
"4": "λίθων",
"5": "λίθο",
"6": "λίθους",
"7": "λίθε",
"8": "λίθοι",
"note": ""
},
"name": "el-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Greek",
"lang_code": "el",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"english": "cornerstone",
"roman": "akrogoniaíos líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ακρογωνιαίος λίθος"
},
{
"roman": "imipolýtimos líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ημιπολύτιμος λίθος"
},
{
"roman": "kinó pánta líthon",
"word": "κινώ πάντα λίθον"
},
{
"roman": "líthoi kaì plínthoi kaì xúla kaì kéramos atáktōs errhimména",
"word": "λίθοι, πλίνθοι και κέραμοι ατάκτως ερριμέναancient: λίθοι καὶ πλίνθοι καὶ ξύλα καὶ κέραμος ἀτάκτως ἐρριμμένα"
},
{
"roman": "themélios líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "θεμέλιος λίθος"
},
{
"roman": "polýtimos líthos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "πολύτιμος λίθος"
},
{
"english": "fossil",
"roman": "apolíthoma",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "απολίθωμα"
},
{
"english": "limestone",
"roman": "asvestólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "ασβεστόλιθος"
},
{
"roman": "lithíasi",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθίαση"
},
{
"roman": "lithikós",
"word": "λιθικός"
},
{
"roman": "líthinos",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λίθινος"
},
{
"english": "lithograph, lithography",
"roman": "lithografía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθογραφία"
},
{
"roman": "lithóktistos",
"word": "λιθόκτιστος"
},
{
"roman": "lithoxóos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "λιθοξόος"
},
{
"english": "cobblestone",
"roman": "lithóstroto",
"tags": [
"neuter"
],
"word": "λιθόστρωτο"
},
{
"roman": "lithotripsía",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθοτριψία"
},
{
"english": "lithosphere",
"roman": "lithósfaira",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθόσφαιρα"
},
{
"roman": "lithódis",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "λιθώδης"
},
{
"roman": "monólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "μονόλιθος"
},
{
"roman": "sfragidólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σφραγιδόλιθος"
},
{
"roman": "schistólithos",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "σχιστόλιθος"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Greek terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "the foundation stone",
"roman": "o themélios líthos",
"text": "ο θεμέλιος λίθος",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"stone (building material)"
],
"links": [
[
"stone",
"stone"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Greek formal terms",
"el:Medicine"
],
"glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"stone, calculus"
],
"links": [
[
"medicine",
"medicine"
],
[
"stone",
"stone"
],
[
"calculus",
"calculus"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"(medicine, formal) stone, calculus"
],
"tags": [
"formal"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"el:Archaeology"
],
"glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"Εποχή του Λίθου (“Stone Age”)"
],
"links": [
[
"archaeology",
"archaeology"
],
[
"Εποχή του Λίθου",
"Εποχή του Λίθου#Greek"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"masculine form:",
"(archaeology) Εποχή του Λίθου (“Stone Age”)"
],
"topics": [
"archaeology",
"history",
"human-sciences",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"feminine form (in phrases): special \"stones\":",
"λυδία λίθος (“touch stone”)"
],
"links": [
[
"λυδία λίθος",
"λυδία λίθος#Greek"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"feminine form (in phrases): special \"stones\":",
"φιλοσοφική λίθος (“philosopher's stone”)"
],
"links": [
[
"φιλοσοφική λίθος",
"φιλοσοφική λίθος#Greek"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈli.θos/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"english": "stone",
"roman": "pétra",
"sense": "rock",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"topics": [
"medicine",
"sciences"
],
"word": "πέτρα"
},
{
"english": "stone",
"roman": "vráchos",
"sense": "rock",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "βράχος"
}
],
"word": "λίθος"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-04-30 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-04-21 using wiktextract (210104c and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.