"îndura" meaning in All languages combined

See îndura on Wiktionary

Verb [Romanian]

IPA: /ɨn.duˈra/
Rhymes: -a Etymology: Inherited from Latin indūrāre, present active infinitive of indūrō. The original meaning of “be hardhearted”, a continuation of the Latin one, is now obsolete and replaced by its antonym, after simplification of its negative construction. Etymology templates: {{glossary|Inherited}} Inherited, {{inh|ro|la|indūrāre|||g=|g2=|g3=|id=|lit=|nocat=|pos=|sc=|sort=|tr=|ts=}} Latin indūrāre, {{inh+|ro|la|indūrāre}} Inherited from Latin indūrāre, {{m|la|indūrō}} indūrō Head templates: {{ro-verb|îndură|îndurat}} a îndura (third-person singular present îndură, past participle îndurat) 1st conj. Inflection templates: {{ro-conj-a|îndur}} Forms: a îndura [canonical], îndură [present, singular, third-person], îndurat [participle, past], conjugation-1 [table-tags], a îndura [infinitive], îndurând [gerund], îndurat [participle, past], îndur [first-person, indicative, present, singular], înduri [indicative, present, second-person, singular], îndură [indicative, present, singular, third-person], îndurăm [first-person, indicative, plural, present], îndurați [indicative, plural, present, second-person], îndură [indicative, plural, present, third-person], înduram [first-person, imperfect, indicative, singular], îndurai [imperfect, indicative, second-person, singular], îndura [imperfect, indicative, singular, third-person], înduram [first-person, imperfect, indicative, plural], îndurați [imperfect, indicative, plural, second-person], îndurau [imperfect, indicative, plural, third-person], îndurai [first-person, indicative, perfect, singular], îndurași [indicative, perfect, second-person, singular], îndură [indicative, perfect, singular, third-person], îndurarăm [first-person, indicative, perfect, plural], îndurarăți [indicative, perfect, plural, second-person], îndurară [indicative, perfect, plural, third-person], îndurasem [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, singular], înduraseși [indicative, pluperfect, second-person, singular], îndurase [indicative, pluperfect, singular, third-person], înduraserăm [first-person, indicative, pluperfect, plural], înduraserăți [indicative, pluperfect, plural, second-person], înduraseră [indicative, pluperfect, plural, third-person], să îndur [first-person, present, singular, subjunctive], să înduri [present, second-person, singular, subjunctive], să îndure [present, singular, subjunctive, third-person], să îndurăm [first-person, plural, present, subjunctive], să îndurați [plural, present, second-person, subjunctive], să îndure [plural, present, subjunctive, third-person], îndură [imperative, second-person, singular], îndurați [imperative, plural, second-person], nu îndura [imperative, negative, second-person, singular], nu îndurați [imperative, negative, plural, second-person]
  1. (reflexive) to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)] Tags: conjugation-1, reflexive
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-VIAf4c8F Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 30 24 14 4 25 1 2 Disambiguation of Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation: 27 22 14 10 16 5 5
  2. (reflexive) to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]
    (reflexive, with secondary clause) Synonym of se îndupleca (“to deign, yield, be convinced”)
    Tags: conjugation-1, reflexive Synonyms: se îndupleca [synonym, synonym-of]
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-LhLdaEQ5 Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 30 24 14 4 25 1 2 Disambiguation of Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation: 27 22 14 10 16 5 5
  3. (transitive) to endure, bear, suffer Tags: conjugation-1, transitive Synonyms (endure): duce, înghiți, răbda, suferi, suporta, tolera
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-OLpXXQlT Categories (other): Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 30 24 14 4 25 1 2 Disambiguation of Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation: 27 22 14 10 16 5 5 Disambiguation of 'endure': 6 5 79 2 3 0 5
  4. (reflexive, most­ly obsolete, chiefly in the negative) to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)] Tags: conjugation-1, reflexive
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-cZIg2dMa Categories (other): Romanian negative polarity items
  5. (reflexive, most­ly obsolete, chiefly in the negative) to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]
    (reflexive, chiefly in the negative, catenative) to bring oneself to do something that would cause someone else displeasure
    Tags: catenative, conjugation-1, reflexive
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-5xwTxieP Categories (other): Romanian negative polarity items, Romanian entries with incorrect language header, Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation Disambiguation of Romanian entries with incorrect language header: 30 24 14 4 25 1 2 Disambiguation of Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation: 27 22 14 10 16 5 5
  6. (reflexive, obsolete) to leave someone [+ de (object)] Tags: conjugation-1, obsolete, reflexive
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-e4HL8EiV
  7. (transitive, regional, rare) to allow Tags: conjugation-1, rare, regional, transitive
    Sense id: en-îndura-ro-verb-TjiSwiVQ Categories (other): Regional Romanian
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: ындура (îndura) (english: post-1930s Cyrillic spelling) Synonyms (take pity): se milostivi, milui Derived forms: neîndurat, îndurare, îndurător Related terms: dura
Disambiguation of 'take pity': 47 41 2 1 7 0 2

Download JSON data for îndura meaning in All languages combined (12.0kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "neîndurat"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "îndurare"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "îndurător"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "indūrāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin indūrāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "indūrāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin indūrāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "indūrō"
      },
      "expansion": "indūrō",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin indūrāre, present active infinitive of indūrō. The original meaning of “be hardhearted”, a continuation of the Latin one, is now obsolete and replaced by its antonym, after simplification of its negative construction.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a îndura",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurat",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a îndura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurași",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurarăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurarăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurară",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurasem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să înduri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndurăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu îndura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "îndură",
        "2": "îndurat"
      },
      "expansion": "a îndura (third-person singular present îndură, past participle îndurat) 1st conj.",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "în‧du‧ra"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "îndur"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "word": "dura"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 24 14 4 25 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 22 14 10 16 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]",
        "to take pity on, have mercy"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-VIAf4c8F",
      "links": [
        [
          "pity",
          "pity"
        ],
        [
          "mercy",
          "mercy"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 24 14 4 25 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 22 14 10 16 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Only on the third time I took the exam did the teacher see fit to pass me.",
          "text": "Abia a treia oară când am dat examenul s-a îndurat profesorul să mă treacă.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Good thing you finally deigned to arrive! Do you know what time it is?",
          "text": "Bine că te-ai îndurat să vii! Știi cât e ceasul?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]",
        "Synonym of se îndupleca (“to deign, yield, be convinced”)"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-LhLdaEQ5",
      "links": [
        [
          "pity",
          "pity"
        ],
        [
          "mercy",
          "mercy"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ],
        [
          "se îndupleca",
          "îndupleca#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]",
        "(reflexive, with secondary clause) Synonym of se îndupleca (“to deign, yield, be convinced”)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with secondary clause"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "to deign, yield, be convinced",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "se îndupleca"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "30 24 14 4 25 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 22 14 10 16 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Romanian people endured the Communist dictatorship for forty years.",
          "text": "Poporul român a îndurat dictatura comunistă timp de patruzeci de ani.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "These plants can’t withstand the local climate.",
          "text": "Plantele acestea nu îndură clima de aici.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to endure, bear, suffer"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-OLpXXQlT",
      "links": [
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ],
        [
          "bear",
          "bear"
        ],
        [
          "suffer",
          "suffer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to endure, bear, suffer"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "_dis1": "6 5 79 2 3 0 5",
          "sense": "endure",
          "word": "duce"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 5 79 2 3 0 5",
          "sense": "endure",
          "word": "înghiți"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 5 79 2 3 0 5",
          "sense": "endure",
          "word": "răbda"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 5 79 2 3 0 5",
          "sense": "endure",
          "word": "suferi"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 5 79 2 3 0 5",
          "sense": "endure",
          "word": "suporta"
        },
        {
          "_dis1": "6 5 79 2 3 0 5",
          "sense": "endure",
          "word": "tolera"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian negative polarity items",
          "parents": [
            "Negative polarity items",
            "Terms by semantic function"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]",
        "to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-cZIg2dMa",
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "indifferent",
          "indifferent"
        ],
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, most­ly obsolete, chiefly in the negative) to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the negative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian negative polarity items",
          "parents": [
            "Negative polarity items",
            "Terms by semantic function"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "30 24 14 4 25 1 2",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "27 22 14 10 16 5 5",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I had to get up, but the cat was sleeping in my lap and I couldn’t bring myself to wake it up.",
          "text": "Trebuia să mă ridic, însă pisica dormea la mine în poală și nu mă înduram să o trezesc.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]",
        "to bring oneself to do something that would cause someone else displeasure"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-5xwTxieP",
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "indifferent",
          "indifferent"
        ],
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ],
        [
          "bring oneself to",
          "bring oneself to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, most­ly obsolete, chiefly in the negative) to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]",
        "(reflexive, chiefly in the negative, catenative) to bring oneself to do something that would cause someone else displeasure"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the negative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "catenative",
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [],
      "glosses": [
        "to leave someone [+ de (object)]",
        "to leave someone"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-e4HL8EiV",
      "links": [
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, obsolete) to leave someone [+ de (object)]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "obsolete",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Regional Romanian",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to allow"
      ],
      "id": "en-îndura-ro-verb-TjiSwiVQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "regional",
          "regional#English"
        ],
        [
          "allow",
          "allow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, regional, rare) to allow"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "rare",
        "regional",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨn.duˈra/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-a"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "47 41 2 1 7 0 2",
      "sense": "take pity",
      "word": "se milostivi"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "47 41 2 1 7 0 2",
      "sense": "take pity",
      "word": "milui"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0",
      "english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
      "roman": "îndura",
      "word": "ындура"
    }
  ],
  "word": "îndura"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Romanian/a",
    "Rhymes:Romanian/a/3 syllables",
    "Romanian contranyms",
    "Romanian entries with incorrect language header",
    "Romanian lemmas",
    "Romanian terms derived from Latin",
    "Romanian terms inherited from Latin",
    "Romanian terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Romanian verbs",
    "Romanian verbs in 1st conjugation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "neîndurat"
    },
    {
      "word": "îndurare"
    },
    {
      "word": "îndurător"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "Inherited"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited",
      "name": "glossary"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "indūrāre",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "g": "",
        "g2": "",
        "g3": "",
        "id": "",
        "lit": "",
        "nocat": "",
        "pos": "",
        "sc": "",
        "sort": "",
        "tr": "",
        "ts": ""
      },
      "expansion": "Latin indūrāre",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ro",
        "2": "la",
        "3": "indūrāre"
      },
      "expansion": "Inherited from Latin indūrāre",
      "name": "inh+"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "la",
        "2": "indūrō"
      },
      "expansion": "indūrō",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Inherited from Latin indūrāre, present active infinitive of indūrō. The original meaning of “be hardhearted”, a continuation of the Latin one, is now obsolete and replaced by its antonym, after simplification of its negative construction.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "a îndura",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurat",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "conjugation-1",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "ro-conj-a",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a îndura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurând",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "gerund"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurat",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduram",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurau",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "indicative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurai",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurași",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurarăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurarăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurară",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "perfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurasem",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraseși",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurase",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraserăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraserăți",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "înduraseră",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "indicative",
        "pluperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndur",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să înduri",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndurăm",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "subjunctive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "să îndure",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "subjunctive",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndură",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu îndura",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nu îndurați",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "negative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "îndură",
        "2": "îndurat"
      },
      "expansion": "a îndura (third-person singular present îndură, past participle îndurat) 1st conj.",
      "name": "ro-verb"
    }
  ],
  "hyphenation": [
    "în‧du‧ra"
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "îndur"
      },
      "name": "ro-conj-a"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Romanian",
  "lang_code": "ro",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "word": "dura"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian reflexive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]",
        "to take pity on, have mercy"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pity",
          "pity"
        ],
        [
          "mercy",
          "mercy"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian reflexive verbs",
        "Romanian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "Only on the third time I took the exam did the teacher see fit to pass me.",
          "text": "Abia a treia oară când am dat examenul s-a îndurat profesorul să mă treacă.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "Good thing you finally deigned to arrive! Do you know what time it is?",
          "text": "Bine că te-ai îndurat să vii! Știi cât e ceasul?",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]",
        "Synonym of se îndupleca (“to deign, yield, be convinced”)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "pity",
          "pity"
        ],
        [
          "mercy",
          "mercy"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ],
        [
          "se îndupleca",
          "îndupleca#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive) to take pity on, have mercy [+ de (object)]",
        "(reflexive, with secondary clause) Synonym of se îndupleca (“to deign, yield, be convinced”)"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "with secondary clause"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "extra": "to deign, yield, be convinced",
          "tags": [
            "synonym",
            "synonym-of"
          ],
          "word": "se îndupleca"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian terms with usage examples",
        "Romanian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "The Romanian people endured the Communist dictatorship for forty years.",
          "text": "Poporul român a îndurat dictatura comunistă timp de patruzeci de ani.",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "These plants can’t withstand the local climate.",
          "text": "Plantele acestea nu îndură clima de aici.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to endure, bear, suffer"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "endure",
          "endure"
        ],
        [
          "bear",
          "bear"
        ],
        [
          "suffer",
          "suffer"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive) to endure, bear, suffer"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "transitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian negative polarity items",
        "Romanian reflexive verbs",
        "Romanian terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]",
        "to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "indifferent",
          "indifferent"
        ],
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, most­ly obsolete, chiefly in the negative) to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the negative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian negative polarity items",
        "Romanian reflexive verbs",
        "Romanian terms with obsolete senses",
        "Romanian terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "I had to get up, but the cat was sleeping in my lap and I couldn’t bring myself to wake it up.",
          "text": "Trebuia să mă ridic, însă pisica dormea la mine în poală și nu mă înduram să o trezesc.",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]",
        "to bring oneself to do something that would cause someone else displeasure"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "cruel",
          "cruel"
        ],
        [
          "indifferent",
          "indifferent"
        ],
        [
          "suffering",
          "suffering"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ],
        [
          "bring oneself to",
          "bring oneself to"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, most­ly obsolete, chiefly in the negative) to be cruel, be indifferent to someone’s suffering [+ de (person)]",
        "(reflexive, chiefly in the negative, catenative) to bring oneself to do something that would cause someone else displeasure"
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "in the negative"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "catenative",
        "conjugation-1",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Romanian reflexive verbs",
        "Romanian terms with obsolete senses"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to leave someone [+ de (object)]",
        "to leave someone"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "leave",
          "leave"
        ],
        [
          "de",
          "de#Romanian"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(reflexive, obsolete) to leave someone [+ de (object)]"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "obsolete",
        "reflexive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Regional Romanian",
        "Romanian terms with rare senses",
        "Romanian transitive verbs"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to allow"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "regional",
          "regional#English"
        ],
        [
          "allow",
          "allow"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(transitive, regional, rare) to allow"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "conjugation-1",
        "rare",
        "regional",
        "transitive"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ɨn.duˈra/"
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-a"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "sense": "take pity",
      "word": "se milostivi"
    },
    {
      "sense": "take pity",
      "word": "milui"
    },
    {
      "sense": "endure",
      "word": "duce"
    },
    {
      "sense": "endure",
      "word": "înghiți"
    },
    {
      "sense": "endure",
      "word": "răbda"
    },
    {
      "sense": "endure",
      "word": "suferi"
    },
    {
      "sense": "endure",
      "word": "suporta"
    },
    {
      "sense": "endure",
      "word": "tolera"
    },
    {
      "english": "post-1930s Cyrillic spelling",
      "roman": "îndura",
      "word": "ындура"
    }
  ],
  "word": "îndura"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.