"牛馬" meaning in 漢語

See 牛馬 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/ [Mandarin, Standard Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /niou²⁴ ma⁵¹/ [Mandarin, IPA], /ŋɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/ [Cantonese, IPA], /ɡu²⁴⁻²² be⁵³/ [Southern Min], /ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/ [Southern Min], /ɡu²⁴⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/ [Southern Min], /ɡu²³⁻³³ be⁴¹/ [Southern Min], /ɡu¹³⁻²² bɛ⁵³/ [Southern Min] Forms: 牛马 [Simplified Chinese]
  1. 牛和馬;馱畜
    Sense id: zh-牛馬-zh-noun-3sSsiN78
  2. 為生活所迫被人驅使從事艱苦勞動的人 Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: zh-牛馬-zh-noun-~HjPVMQm Categories (other): 有使用例的官話詞, 有引文的官話詞
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「牛」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「馬」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有3個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "東干語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "東干語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "牛马",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "牛和馬;馱畜"
      ],
      "id": "zh-牛馬-zh-noun-3sSsiN78"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有使用例的官話詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "有引文的官話詞",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "《文明小史》第四六回",
          "roman": "Zhí yào shǐ Zhōngguó sì wànwàn bǎixìng, yī gègè dōu pínwúlìzhuīzhīdì, ránhòu fúfútiētiē de zuò tāmen de niúmǎ, zuò tāmen núlì.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Written vernacular Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "直要使中國四萬萬百姓,一個個都貧無立錐之地,然後服服貼貼的做他們的牛馬,做他們奴隸。"
        },
        {
          "ref": "《文明小史》第四六回",
          "roman": "Zhí yào shǐ Zhōngguó sì wànwàn bǎixìng, yī gègè dōu pínwúlìzhuīzhīdì, ránhòu fúfútiētiē de zuò tāmen de niúmǎ, zuò tāmen núlì.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Written vernacular Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "直要使中国四万万百姓,一个个都贫无立锥之地,然后服服贴贴的做他们的牛马,做他们奴隶。"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023年August23日, “中國西安當局七夕節向民眾群發「催生」短信 遭網友奚落”, 出自 BBC News:",
          "roman": "Háiyǒu wǎngyǒu xiě dào: “Gēngxù niúmǎ xuèmài, gòng dān jiǔcài zhòngrèn.”",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "還有網友寫道:「賡續牛馬血脈,共擔韭菜重任。」"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023年August23日, “中國西安當局七夕節向民眾群發「催生」短信 遭網友奚落”, 出自 BBC News:",
          "roman": "Háiyǒu wǎngyǒu xiě dào: “Gēngxù niúmǎ xuèmài, gòng dān jiǔcài zhòngrèn.”",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "还有网友写道:「赓续牛马血脉,共担韭菜重任。」"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "為生活所迫被人驅使從事艱苦勞動的人"
      ],
      "id": "zh-牛馬-zh-noun-~HjPVMQm",
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "niúmǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄚˇ"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "東干語",
        "西里爾字母和維基詞典轉寫"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ню-ма (ni͡u-ma, I-II)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngau⁴ maa⁵"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bé / gû-bée"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "niúmǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄚˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nióumǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "niu²-ma³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nyóu-mǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nioumaa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "нюма (njuma)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "東干語",
        "西里爾字母",
        "維基詞典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ню-ма (ni͡u-ma, I-II)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/niou²⁴ ma⁵¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "東干語"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngau⁴ maa⁵"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngàuh máh"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngau⁴ maa⁵"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngeo⁴ ma⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bé"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bé"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gu'bea"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² be⁵³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (廈門"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (臺北"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (泉州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻³³ be⁴¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (高雄"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bée"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bée"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu¹³⁻²² bɛ⁵³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "國際音標 (漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "牛馬"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "官話名詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "帶「牛」的漢語詞",
    "帶「馬」的漢語詞",
    "有3個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "東干語名詞",
    "東干語詞元",
    "泉漳話名詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語名詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "粵語名詞",
    "粵語詞元"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "牛马",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "牛和馬;馱畜"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "有使用例的官話詞",
        "有引文的官話詞"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "《文明小史》第四六回",
          "roman": "Zhí yào shǐ Zhōngguó sì wànwàn bǎixìng, yī gègè dōu pínwúlìzhuīzhīdì, ránhòu fúfútiētiē de zuò tāmen de niúmǎ, zuò tāmen núlì.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Written vernacular Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "直要使中國四萬萬百姓,一個個都貧無立錐之地,然後服服貼貼的做他們的牛馬,做他們奴隸。"
        },
        {
          "ref": "《文明小史》第四六回",
          "roman": "Zhí yào shǐ Zhōngguó sì wànwàn bǎixìng, yī gègè dōu pínwúlìzhuīzhīdì, ránhòu fúfútiētiē de zuò tāmen de niúmǎ, zuò tāmen núlì.",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Written vernacular Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "直要使中国四万万百姓,一个个都贫无立锥之地,然后服服贴贴的做他们的牛马,做他们奴隶。"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023年August23日, “中國西安當局七夕節向民眾群發「催生」短信 遭網友奚落”, 出自 BBC News:",
          "roman": "Háiyǒu wǎngyǒu xiě dào: “Gēngxù niúmǎ xuèmài, gòng dān jiǔcài zhòngrèn.”",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Traditional Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "還有網友寫道:「賡續牛馬血脈,共擔韭菜重任。」"
        },
        {
          "ref": "2023年August23日, “中國西安當局七夕節向民眾群發「催生」短信 遭網友奚落”, 出自 BBC News:",
          "roman": "Háiyǒu wǎngyǒu xiě dào: “Gēngxù niúmǎ xuèmài, gòng dān jiǔcài zhòngrèn.”",
          "tags": [
            "Pinyin",
            "Standard Chinese",
            "Simplified Chinese"
          ],
          "text": "还有网友写道:「赓续牛马血脉,共担韭菜重任。」"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "為生活所迫被人驅使從事艱苦勞動的人"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "niúmǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄚˇ"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "東干語",
        "西里爾字母和維基詞典轉寫"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ню-ма (ni͡u-ma, I-II)"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngau⁴ maa⁵"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bé / gû-bée"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "niúmǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄋㄧㄡˊ ㄇㄚˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nióumǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "niu²-ma³"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nyóu-mǎ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "nioumaa"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Palladius"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "нюма (njuma)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ni̯oʊ̯³⁵ mä²¹⁴⁻²¹⁽⁴⁾/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "東干語",
        "西里爾字母",
        "維基詞典"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ню-ма (ni͡u-ma, I-II)"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/niou²⁴ ma⁵¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "東干語"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngau⁴ maa⁵"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngàuh máh"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngau⁴ maa⁵"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ngeo⁴ ma⁵"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ŋɐu̯²¹ maː¹³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "標準粵語",
        "廣州–香港話"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bé"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bé"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "普實台文"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gu'bea"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² be⁵³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (廈門"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻¹¹ be⁵³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (臺北"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²⁴⁻²² be⁵⁵⁴/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (泉州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu²³⁻³³ be⁴¹/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "泉州、臺灣話(常用)、廈門",
        "國際音標 (高雄"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "白話字"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bée"
    },
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "臺羅"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "gû-bée"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ɡu¹³⁻²² bɛ⁵³/",
      "raw_tags": [
        "泉漳話",
        "漳州",
        "國際音標 (漳州"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "Southern Min"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "牛馬"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 牛馬 meaning in 漢語 (5.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-10-01 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2024-09-20 using wiktextract (3fd8a50 and 59b8406). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.