"圍牆" meaning in 漢語

See 圍牆 in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/ [Mandarin, Standard-Chinese, Sinological-IPA], /wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/ [Cantonese, Standard-Cantonese, Guangzhou, Hong Kong, IPA], /vi¹¹ t͡sʰi̯oŋ¹¹/ [Hakka, Sixian, Miaoli, Neipu, IPA], /u̯i²³⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwanese, general, IPA, Kaohsiung], /u̯i²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwanese, general, IPA], /u̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²⁴/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Xiamen, Quanzhou, Taiwanese, general, IPA, Taibei], /u̯i¹³⁻²² t͡sʰĩ̯ɔ̃¹³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Zhangzhou, IPA], /u̯i²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰĩ̯ãũ̯²³/ [Min-Nan, Hokkien, Penang, IPA], /ui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰĩõ⁵⁵/ [Min-Nan, Teochew, IPA] Forms: 圍墻 [Standard-Chinese, Traditional-Chinese], 围墙 [Simplified-Chinese]
  1. 圍繞在四周,用來劃分界限的牆壁
    Sense id: zh-圍牆-zh-noun-7W0vD91I
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: 牆圍 [Traditional-Chinese, Min-Nan], 墙围 [Simplified-Chinese, Min-Nan], 護牆 [Traditional-Chinese], 护墙 [Simplified-Chinese], 牆瓜圍 [Traditional-Chinese], 墙瓜围 [Simplified-Chinese]
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "官話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "客家語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "客家語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「圍」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "帶「牆」的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有1個詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有國際音標的漢語詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "有詞條的頁面",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "泉漳話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "漢語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "潮州話名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "潮州話詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語名詞",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "粵語詞元",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "圍墻",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "围墙",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_title": "名詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "圍繞在四周,用來劃分界限的牆壁"
      ],
      "id": "zh-圍牆-zh-noun-7W0vD91I"
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéiqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨㄟˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wai⁴ coeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vì-chhiòng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiûⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiôⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiâuⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ui⁵ cion⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéiqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨㄟˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéiciáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wei²-chʻiang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéi-chyáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "weichyang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vɛjcjan",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "вэйцян"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wai⁴ coeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wàih chèuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wai⁴ tsoeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wei⁴ cêng⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vì-chhiòng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vi^ˇ qiong^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vi² qiong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/vi¹¹ t͡sʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiûⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uî-tshiûnn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uichviuu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²³⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiôⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uî-tshiônn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uichviooi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i¹³⁻²² t͡sʰĩ̯ɔ̃¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiâuⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uî-tshiâunn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uichviaau"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰĩ̯ãũ̯²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ui⁵ cion⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi tshiôⁿ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰĩõ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese",
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "牆圍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese",
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "墙围"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "護牆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "护墙"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "牆瓜圍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "墙瓜围"
    }
  ],
  "word": "圍牆"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "官話名詞",
    "官話詞元",
    "客家語名詞",
    "客家語詞元",
    "帶「圍」的漢語詞",
    "帶「牆」的漢語詞",
    "有1個詞條的頁面",
    "有國際音標的漢語詞",
    "有詞條的頁面",
    "泉漳話名詞",
    "泉漳話詞元",
    "漢語名詞",
    "漢語詞元",
    "潮州話名詞",
    "潮州話詞元",
    "粵語名詞",
    "粵語詞元"
  ],
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "圍墻",
      "tags": [
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "围墙",
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "lang": "漢語",
  "lang_code": "zh",
  "pos": "noun",
  "pos_title": "名詞",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "圍繞在四周,用來劃分界限的牆壁"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéiqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨㄟˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wai⁴ coeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vì-chhiòng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiûⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiôⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiâuⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ui⁵ cion⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéiqiáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Bopomofo"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ㄨㄟˊ ㄑㄧㄤˊ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Tongyong-Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéiciáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Wade–Giles"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wei²-chʻiang²"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Yale"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wéi-chyáng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Gwoyeu-Romatsyh"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "weichyang"
    },
    {
      "roman": "vɛjcjan",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Cyrillic"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "вэйцян"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/weɪ̯³⁵ t͡ɕʰi̯ɑŋ³⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Mandarin",
        "Standard-Chinese",
        "Sinological-IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wai⁴ coeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Yale",
        "Jyutping"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wàih chèuhng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Cantonese",
        "Pinyin"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wai⁴ tsoeng⁴"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "Guangdong-Romanization"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "wei⁴ cêng⁴"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/wɐi̯²¹ t͡sʰœːŋ²¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Cantonese",
        "Standard-Cantonese",
        "Guangzhou",
        "Hong Kong",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vì-chhiòng"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hakka-Romanization-System"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vi^ˇ qiong^ˇ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "Hagfa-Pinyim"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "vi² qiong²"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/vi¹¹ t͡sʰi̯oŋ¹¹/",
      "tags": [
        "Hakka",
        "Sixian",
        "Miaoli",
        "Neipu",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiûⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uî-tshiûnn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uichviuu"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²³⁻³³ t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Kaohsiung"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²⁴⁻²² t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²⁴⁻¹¹ t͡sʰĩ̯ũ²⁴/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Xiamen",
        "Quanzhou",
        "Taiwanese",
        "general",
        "IPA",
        "Taibei"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiôⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uî-tshiônn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uichviooi"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i¹³⁻²² t͡sʰĩ̯ɔ̃¹³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Zhangzhou",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "Phak-fa-su"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi-chhiâuⁿ"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "Tâi-lô"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uî-tshiâunn"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "Phofsit-Daibuun"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "uichviaau"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/u̯i²³⁻²¹ t͡sʰĩ̯ãũ̯²³/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Hokkien",
        "Penang",
        "IPA"
      ]
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "Peng'im"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ui⁵ cion⁵"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "POJ"
      ],
      "zh_pron": "ûi tshiôⁿ"
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ui⁵⁵⁻¹¹ t͡sʰĩõ⁵⁵/",
      "tags": [
        "Min-Nan",
        "Teochew",
        "IPA"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese",
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "牆圍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese",
        "Min-Nan"
      ],
      "word": "墙围"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "護牆"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "护墙"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Traditional-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "牆瓜圍"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "Simplified-Chinese"
      ],
      "word": "墙瓜围"
    }
  ],
  "word": "圍牆"
}

Download raw JSONL data for 圍牆 meaning in 漢語 (5.0kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable 漢語 dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-08-23 from the zhwiktionary dump dated 2025-08-01 using wiktextract (bf7677a and b9346a0). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.