See laufer in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"niem. Läufer → biegacz"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrowi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrem",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrzy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry / laufrowie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrom",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauframi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrach",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "sługa"
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
34
]
],
"text": "Przed karetą biegną dwaj laufrowie z pochodniami."
}
],
"glosses": [
"giermek, sługa torujący drogę"
],
"id": "pl-laufer-pl-noun-amh7AE38",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
58,
65
]
],
"text": "Modlę się, by nasze córki nie wzięły sobie za mężów jakiś laufrów."
}
],
"glosses": [
"ktoś, kto ma w zwyczaju włóczenie się"
],
"id": "pl-laufer-pl-noun-WQ40sYXg",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dialektyzmy polskie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dialektyzmy polskie - Śląsk Cieszyński",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"gw. (Śląsk Cieszyński) ktoś żywy, ruchliwy"
],
"id": "pl-laufer-pl-noun-xF2otmYl",
"sense_index": "1.3"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav.ogg",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "giermek"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "włóczęga"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "włóczykij"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "tramp"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "sł. kres. badzinia"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "sł. kres. bradiaga"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "sł. kres. bradziaga"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "henchman"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfiere"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "portabandiera"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "wanderer"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "vagabond"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vagabondo"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "girovago"
}
],
"word": "laufer"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"niem. Läufer → biegacz"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrowi",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrem",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrom",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauframi",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrach",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "figura"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "nakrycie"
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dialektyzmy polskie",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Dialektyzmy polskie - Śląsk Cieszyński",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"text": "Laufer bije bierkę przeciwnika, zajmując jej pole."
}
],
"glosses": [
"(także gw. (Śląsk Cieszyński)) bierka poruszająca się po szachownicy na skos"
],
"id": "pl-laufer-pl-noun-9vmrh-l6",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"chess"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"text": "Świeżo wyprany laufer równiutko leżał na ławie."
}
],
"glosses": [
"rodzaj podłużnej serwety"
],
"id": "pl-laufer-pl-noun-uAOgLZzE",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"topics": [
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav.mp3",
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"wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "goniec"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "giermek"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "serweta"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "bieżnik"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "bishop"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfiere"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "runner"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lungo centrino"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tappetino"
}
],
"word": "laufer"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"niem. Läufer → biegacz"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrowi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrem",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrzy",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry / laufrowie",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrom",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauframi",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrach",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry",
"sense_index": "1.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "sługa"
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
25,
34
]
],
"text": "Przed karetą biegną dwaj laufrowie z pochodniami."
}
],
"glosses": [
"giermek, sługa torujący drogę"
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"dated"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
58,
65
]
],
"text": "Modlę się, by nasze córki nie wzięły sobie za mężów jakiś laufrów."
}
],
"glosses": [
"ktoś, kto ma w zwyczaju włóczenie się"
],
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Dialektyzmy polskie",
"Dialektyzmy polskie - Śląsk Cieszyński"
],
"glosses": [
"gw. (Śląsk Cieszyński) ktoś żywy, ruchliwy"
],
"sense_index": "1.3"
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "giermek"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "włóczęga"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "włóczykij"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "tramp"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "sł. kres. badzinia"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "sł. kres. bradiaga"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "sł. kres. bradziaga"
}
],
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "henchman"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfiere"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "portabandiera"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "wanderer"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"word": "vagabond"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "vagabondo"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "girovago"
}
],
"word": "laufer"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"niem. Läufer → biegacz"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrowi",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufra",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrem",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrze",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrom",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrów",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lauframi",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufrach",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "laufry",
"sense_index": "2.1-2",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"hypernyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "figura"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "nakrycie"
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Dialektyzmy polskie",
"Dialektyzmy polskie - Śląsk Cieszyński"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
0,
6
]
],
"text": "Laufer bije bierkę przeciwnika, zajmując jej pole."
}
],
"glosses": [
"(także gw. (Śląsk Cieszyński)) bierka poruszająca się po szachownicy na skos"
],
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"topics": [
"chess"
]
},
{
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
15,
21
]
],
"text": "Świeżo wyprany laufer równiutko leżał na ławie."
}
],
"glosses": [
"rodzaj podłużnej serwety"
],
"sense_index": "2.2",
"topics": [
"textiles"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"audio": "LL-Q809 (pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav/LL-Q809_(pol)-Poemat-laufer.wav.mp3",
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}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "goniec"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "giermek"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "serweta"
},
{
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "bieżnik"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "bishop"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "alfiere"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"word": "runner"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lungo centrino"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.2",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "tappetino"
}
],
"word": "laufer"
}
Download raw JSONL data for laufer meaning in język polski (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable język polski dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-06-15 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2025-06-01 using wiktextract (074e7de and f1c2b61). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.