See fiut in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutowi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutom",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutem",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutami",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutach",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"penis"
],
"id": "pl-fiut-pl-noun-9pUtbu9V",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"commonly",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"vulgar"
],
"word": "chuj"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kutas"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"neutral"
],
"word": "członek"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "penis"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "cock"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prick"
},
{
"lang": "niderlandzki",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lul"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cazzo"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uccello"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nerchia"
}
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutowi",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutom",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutem",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutami",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutach",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"raw_tags": [
"męskoosobowy",
"lub"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mężczyzna, facet"
],
"id": "pl-fiut-pl-noun-r3rPv5Cd",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"commonly",
"scornfully"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "dick"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "prick"
},
{
"lang": "niderlandzki",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lul"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coglione"
}
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutu",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutowi",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutom",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutem",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutami",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutach",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"syrop z buraków cukrowych"
],
"id": "pl-fiut-pl-noun-hxAYjn2r",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"topics": [
"region"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "cukrop"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polski (indeks)",
"orig": "polski (indeks)",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "intj",
"pos_text": "wykrzyknik",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Cudzysłowy w parametrze „hasło”",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"ref": "Ewa Nowacka, Może nie, może tak, 1976.",
"text": "Cudowny, wymyślony świat, w którym żyłam przez kilka dni, rozwiewał się niczym dym, fiut, przepadło, nie ma już nic"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
89,
93
]
],
"ref": "Stanisław Dygat, Jezioro Bodeńskie, 1946.",
"text": "Tutaj pracowałem u ogrodnika i co dzień rano chodziłem z kwiatami na targ. Ale teraz już fiut – trzepnął palcami – skończyło się z wysługiwaniem szkopom…"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
31,
35
]
],
"ref": "Gabriela Zapolska, Moralność pani Dulskiej, 1907.",
"text": "Byłam pewna. Kapelusz w rękę i fiut! Najlepszy punkt wyjścia"
}
],
"glosses": [
"…stosowany do wyrażenia sytuacji, gdy coś szybko przeminęło, skończyło się lub ktoś uciekł, zniknął"
],
"id": "pl-fiut-pl-intj-Cxqj4IEe",
"sense_index": "4.1",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "4.1",
"word": "fiu"
},
{
"sense_index": "4.1",
"word": "myk"
}
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutowi",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutom",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutem",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutami",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutach",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"penis"
],
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"commonly",
"vulgar"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"vulgar"
],
"word": "chuj"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "kutas"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"neutral"
],
"word": "członek"
},
{
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "penis"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "cock"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"word": "prick"
},
{
"lang": "niderlandzki",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lul"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "cazzo"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "uccello"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "1.1",
"tags": [
"feminine"
],
"word": "nerchia"
}
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutowi",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutom",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuta",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutem",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutami",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutach",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"raw_tags": [
"męskoosobowy",
"lub"
],
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"mężczyzna, facet"
],
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"commonly",
"scornfully"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"tags": [
"animate",
"masculine"
],
"translations": [
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "dick"
},
{
"lang": "angielski",
"lang_code": "en",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"word": "prick"
},
{
"lang": "niderlandzki",
"lang_code": "nl",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "lul"
},
{
"lang": "włoski",
"lang_code": "it",
"sense_index": "2.1",
"tags": [
"masculine"
],
"word": "coglione"
}
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"forms": [
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutu",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutów",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutowi",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutom",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutem",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutami",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiutach",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "fiucie",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "fiuty",
"sense_index": "3.1",
"tags": [
"vocative",
"plural"
]
}
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"pos_text": "rzeczownik",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"syrop z buraków cukrowych"
],
"sense_index": "3.1",
"topics": [
"region"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "3.1",
"word": "cukrop"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine"
],
"word": "fiut"
}
{
"categories": [
"polski (indeks)"
],
"etymology_texts": [
"(4.1) wyraz dźwiękonaśladowczy"
],
"lang": "język polski",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "intj",
"pos_text": "wykrzyknik",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"noun",
"masculine",
"inanimate"
],
"word": "fiucik"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Cudzysłowy w parametrze „hasło”"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
84,
88
]
],
"ref": "Ewa Nowacka, Może nie, może tak, 1976.",
"text": "Cudowny, wymyślony świat, w którym żyłam przez kilka dni, rozwiewał się niczym dym, fiut, przepadło, nie ma już nic"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
89,
93
]
],
"ref": "Stanisław Dygat, Jezioro Bodeńskie, 1946.",
"text": "Tutaj pracowałem u ogrodnika i co dzień rano chodziłem z kwiatami na targ. Ale teraz już fiut – trzepnął palcami – skończyło się z wysługiwaniem szkopom…"
},
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
31,
35
]
],
"ref": "Gabriela Zapolska, Moralność pani Dulskiej, 1907.",
"text": "Byłam pewna. Kapelusz w rękę i fiut! Najlepszy punkt wyjścia"
}
],
"glosses": [
"…stosowany do wyrażenia sytuacji, gdy coś szybko przeminęło, skończyło się lub ktoś uciekł, zniknął"
],
"sense_index": "4.1",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "fʲjut"
},
{
"ipa": "fʹi ̯ut",
"tags": [
"Slavic-alphabet"
]
},
{
"audio": "Pl-fiut.ogg",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/3/31/Pl-fiut.ogg/Pl-fiut.ogg.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Pl-fiut.ogg"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"sense_index": "4.1",
"word": "fiu"
},
{
"sense_index": "4.1",
"word": "myk"
}
],
"word": "fiut"
}
Download raw JSONL data for fiut meaning in język polski (7.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable język polski dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-04-29 from the plwiktionary dump dated 2025-04-20 using wiktextract (4eaa824 and ea19a0a). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.