"est-ce que" meaning in Français

See est-ce que in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adverb

IPA: \ɛ‿s kə\, ɛs.kə Audio: LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce que.wav , Est-ce que pronounciation.ogg
  1. Utilisé pour commencer une question pour ne pas débuter par le verbe. —
    Sense id: fr-est-ce_que-fr-adv-6P8XO3QX Categories (other): Exemples en français
  2. Souvent utilisé dans la langue courante pour les questions indirectes.
    Sense id: fr-est-ce_que-fr-adv-2iLN1gLW Categories (other): Exemples en français, Termes populaires en français
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Synonyms: tu Derived forms: de quoi est-ce que, lequel est-ce que, qui est-ce que, oùsque, eski, èske Derived forms (un mot composé aujourd’hui): qu’est-ce que Related terms: esque [familiar], est-ce qui Related terms (élision devant une voyelle): est-ce qu’ Translations (Approximation de est-ce que): ob (Allemand), do (Anglais), האם (eam) (Hébreu), ли (li) (Russe), či (Slovaque), zda (Tchèque) Translations (Particule interrogative): à lò êzə̀ a (Aghem), هَل (hal) (Arabe), wa (Bambara), ye (Boulou), ha (Breton), (ma) (Chinois), ⵉⵙ (Chleuh), ㅂ니까 (-mnikka) (Coréen), 습니까 (-seumnikka) (Coréen), 는가 (-neunga) (Coréen), ㄴ가 (-nga) (Coréen), 냐 (-nya) (Coréen), (-ni) (Coréen), èske (Créole haïtien), eski (Créole seychellois), ĉu (Espéranto), -ko (Finnois), क्या (kyā) (Hindi), ka (Ido), kad (Ido), esque (Interlingua), (ka) (Japonais), ma (Kabyle), ма (ma) (Kazakh), ме (me) (Kazakh), ба (ba) (Kazakh), бе (be) (Kazakh), па (pa) (Kazakh), пе (pe) (Kazakh), ба (Khakasse), бе (Khakasse), ма (Khakasse), ме (Khakasse), па (Khakasse), пе (Khakasse), ទេ (tei) (Khmer), េទ (Khmer), ese (Kinyarwanda), kas (Kotava), adakah (Malais), kàyn (Masa), ken (Mohawk), كيا (kyā) (Ourdou), آيا (âyâ) (Persan), czy (Polonais), será que (Portugais), ma (Quenya), afa (Shimaoré), a (Shingazidja), ali (Slovène), ไหม (măi) (Thaï), mı (Turc), mi (Turc), mu (Turc), mü (Turc)
{
  "categories": [
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Adverbes interrogatifs en français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Interrogatifs en français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en aghem",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en allemand",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en anglais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en arabe",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en bambara",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en boulou",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en breton",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en chinois",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en chleuh",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en coréen",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en créole haïtien",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en créole seychellois",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en espéranto",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en finnois",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en hindi",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en hébreu",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en ido",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en interlingua",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en japonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en kabyle",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en kazakh",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en khakasse",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en khmer",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en kinyarwanda",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en kotava",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en malais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en masa",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en mohawk",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en ourdou",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en persan",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en polonais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en portugais",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en quenya",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en russe",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en shimaoré",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en shingazidja",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en slovaque",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en slovène",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en tchèque",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en thaï",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Traductions en turc",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    },
    {
      "kind": "other",
      "name": "Français",
      "orig": "français",
      "parents": [],
      "source": "w"
    }
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "de quoi est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "word": "lequel est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "sense": "un mot composé aujourd’hui",
      "word": "qu’est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "word": "qui est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "word": "oùsque"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole seychellois",
      "lang_code": "crs",
      "word": "eski"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole haïtien",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "word": "èske"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "De l’inversion sujet-verbe de c’est que."
  ],
  "lang": "Français",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "notes": [
    "Il est à noter que ce mot est aujourd’hui un mot composé inséparable et il n’est plus l’inversion interrogative de c’est que.",
    "{| class=\"wikitable\"",
    "! colspan=\"2\" |\n! Ordinaire !! C’est que\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" | Déclaratif\n| Sophie est arrivée.\n| C’est que Sophie est arrivée.\n|-\n! rowspan=\"2\" | Question\n! Inversion\n| Sophie est-elle arrivée ?\n| Est-ce que Sophie est arrivée ?¹\n|-\n! Est-ce que\n| Est-ce que Sophie est arrivée ?²\n| Est-ce que c’est que Sophie est arrivée ?\n|}",
    "Les questions 1 et 2 sont orthographiquement égales mais grammaticalement différentes.",
    "Il peut être précédé d’adverbes tels que comment, pourquoi, etc."
  ],
  "pos": "adv",
  "pos_title": "Adverbe interrogatif",
  "related": [
    {
      "sense": "élision devant une voyelle",
      "word": "est-ce qu’"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "familiar"
      ],
      "word": "esque"
    },
    {
      "word": "est-ce qui"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Alexandre Dumas, La Reine Margot, 1845, volume I, chapitre IV",
          "text": "Çà, monsieur le comte, dit-il, tandis que l’on nous prépare notre chambre, dites-moi : est-ce que par hasard vous avez trouvé Paris une ville gaie, vous ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Erckmann-Chatrian, Histoire d’un conscrit de 1813, J. Hetzel, 1864",
          "text": "Allons, Féral, allons, est-ce que nous ne sommes plus des anciens de l’armée de Sambre-et-Meuse ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Jules Verne, Claudius Bombarnac, chapitre VI, J. Hetzel et Cⁱᵉ, Paris, 1892",
          "text": "Ce qui m’étonne, c’est que le propriétaire dudit bouquin ne semble pas le lire de droite à gauche. Est-ce qu’il ne serait pas imprimé en caractères chinois ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "François Weyergans, Le pitre, NRF/Éditions Gallimard, 1973, page 412",
          "text": "Quand est-ce qu’on aura le courage de préférer à tout et surtout à tous les romans, les bars-tabacs avec leurs implacables billards électriques? Les bars-tabacs comme celui de la rue de Buci?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Stephen King, Le Fléau, traduit de l’anglais, éditions J.-C. Lattès, 1991, chapitre 24",
          "text": "Jusqu’à il y a quatre ans, les tribunaux cafouillaient. Est-ce que la chaise électrique et la chambre à gaz sont des châtiments cruels et inhabituels ? L’attente entre la condamnation et l’exécution est-elle un châtiment cruel et inhabituel ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Johann Zarca, Braquo sauce samouraï, Paris : Fleuve noir, 2019, chapitre 15",
          "text": "« Scientifique », « scientifique », est-ce que j'ai la ganache d'Albert Einstein ? Hein ? Vous faites chier, à pénave comme des branques tout l’temps !"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Utilisé pour commencer une question pour ne pas débuter par le verbe. —"
      ],
      "id": "fr-est-ce_que-fr-adv-6P8XO3QX",
      "note": "Le sujet n’est alors plus inversé avec le verbe"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Exemples en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Termes populaires en français",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Didier Demazière, Le chômage en crise ?, 1992,ISBN 2859394079",
          "text": "« […] Je sais pas quand est-ce que leur action démarre et tout ça. »"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Souvent utilisé dans la langue courante pour les questions indirectes."
      ],
      "id": "fr-est-ce_que-fr-adv-2iLN1gLW",
      "raw_tags": [
        "Populaire"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\ɛ‿s kə\\"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce que.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France (Lyon)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce que.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Est-ce que pronounciation.ogg",
      "ipa": "ɛs.kə",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Est-ce_que_pronounciation.ogg/Est-ce_que_pronounciation.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Est-ce que pronounciation.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Canada"
      ],
      "word": "tu"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "interrogative",
    "invariable"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "Aghem",
      "lang_code": "agq",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "à lò êzə̀ a"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Arabe",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "hal",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "هَل"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bambara",
      "lang_code": "bm",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "wa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Boulou",
      "lang_code": "bum",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ye"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Breton",
      "lang_code": "br",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ha"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Chinois",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "ma",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "traditional_writing": "嗎",
      "word": "吗"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Chleuh",
      "lang_code": "shi",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ⵉⵙ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-mnikka",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ㅂ니까"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-seumnikka",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "습니까"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-neunga",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "는가"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-nga",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ㄴ가"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-nya",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "냐"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-ni",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "니"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole haïtien",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "èske"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole seychellois",
      "lang_code": "crs",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "eski"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ĉu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "-ko"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "roman": "kyā",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "क्या"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ka"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "kad"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "lang_code": "ia",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "esque"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Japonais",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "ka",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "か"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kabyle",
      "lang_code": "kab",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "ma",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ма"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "me",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ме"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "ba",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ба"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "be",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "бе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "pa",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "па"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "pe",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "пе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ба"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "бе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ма"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ме"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "па"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "пе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "lang_code": "km",
      "roman": "tei",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ទេ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "lang_code": "km",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "េទ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kinyarwanda",
      "lang_code": "rw",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ese"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kotava",
      "lang_code": "avk",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "kas"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Malais",
      "lang_code": "ms",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "adakah"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Masa",
      "lang_code": "mcn",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "kàyn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mohawk",
      "lang_code": "moh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ken"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ourdou",
      "lang_code": "ur",
      "roman": "kyā",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "كيا"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Persan",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "âyâ",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "آيا"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Polonais",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "czy"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "será que"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Quenya",
      "lang_code": "qya",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Shimaoré",
      "lang_code": "swb",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "afa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Shingazidja",
      "lang_code": "zdj",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "a"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Slovène",
      "lang_code": "sl",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ali"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Thaï",
      "lang_code": "th",
      "roman": "măi",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ไหม"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mı"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mü"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "ob"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "do"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hébreu",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "eam",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "האם"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russe",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "li",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "ли"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Slovaque",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "či"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tchèque",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "zda"
    }
  ],
  "word": "est-ce que"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Adverbes interrogatifs en français",
    "Interrogatifs en français",
    "Traductions en aghem",
    "Traductions en allemand",
    "Traductions en anglais",
    "Traductions en arabe",
    "Traductions en bambara",
    "Traductions en boulou",
    "Traductions en breton",
    "Traductions en chinois",
    "Traductions en chleuh",
    "Traductions en coréen",
    "Traductions en créole haïtien",
    "Traductions en créole seychellois",
    "Traductions en espéranto",
    "Traductions en finnois",
    "Traductions en hindi",
    "Traductions en hébreu",
    "Traductions en ido",
    "Traductions en interlingua",
    "Traductions en japonais",
    "Traductions en kabyle",
    "Traductions en kazakh",
    "Traductions en khakasse",
    "Traductions en khmer",
    "Traductions en kinyarwanda",
    "Traductions en kotava",
    "Traductions en malais",
    "Traductions en masa",
    "Traductions en mohawk",
    "Traductions en ourdou",
    "Traductions en persan",
    "Traductions en polonais",
    "Traductions en portugais",
    "Traductions en quenya",
    "Traductions en russe",
    "Traductions en shimaoré",
    "Traductions en shingazidja",
    "Traductions en slovaque",
    "Traductions en slovène",
    "Traductions en tchèque",
    "Traductions en thaï",
    "Traductions en turc",
    "français"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "de quoi est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "word": "lequel est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "sense": "un mot composé aujourd’hui",
      "word": "qu’est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "word": "qui est-ce que"
    },
    {
      "word": "oùsque"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole seychellois",
      "lang_code": "crs",
      "word": "eski"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole haïtien",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "word": "èske"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_texts": [
    "De l’inversion sujet-verbe de c’est que."
  ],
  "lang": "Français",
  "lang_code": "fr",
  "notes": [
    "Il est à noter que ce mot est aujourd’hui un mot composé inséparable et il n’est plus l’inversion interrogative de c’est que.",
    "{| class=\"wikitable\"",
    "! colspan=\"2\" |\n! Ordinaire !! C’est que\n|-\n! colspan=\"2\" | Déclaratif\n| Sophie est arrivée.\n| C’est que Sophie est arrivée.\n|-\n! rowspan=\"2\" | Question\n! Inversion\n| Sophie est-elle arrivée ?\n| Est-ce que Sophie est arrivée ?¹\n|-\n! Est-ce que\n| Est-ce que Sophie est arrivée ?²\n| Est-ce que c’est que Sophie est arrivée ?\n|}",
    "Les questions 1 et 2 sont orthographiquement égales mais grammaticalement différentes.",
    "Il peut être précédé d’adverbes tels que comment, pourquoi, etc."
  ],
  "pos": "adv",
  "pos_title": "Adverbe interrogatif",
  "related": [
    {
      "sense": "élision devant une voyelle",
      "word": "est-ce qu’"
    },
    {
      "tags": [
        "familiar"
      ],
      "word": "esque"
    },
    {
      "word": "est-ce qui"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Alexandre Dumas, La Reine Margot, 1845, volume I, chapitre IV",
          "text": "Çà, monsieur le comte, dit-il, tandis que l’on nous prépare notre chambre, dites-moi : est-ce que par hasard vous avez trouvé Paris une ville gaie, vous ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Erckmann-Chatrian, Histoire d’un conscrit de 1813, J. Hetzel, 1864",
          "text": "Allons, Féral, allons, est-ce que nous ne sommes plus des anciens de l’armée de Sambre-et-Meuse ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Jules Verne, Claudius Bombarnac, chapitre VI, J. Hetzel et Cⁱᵉ, Paris, 1892",
          "text": "Ce qui m’étonne, c’est que le propriétaire dudit bouquin ne semble pas le lire de droite à gauche. Est-ce qu’il ne serait pas imprimé en caractères chinois ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "François Weyergans, Le pitre, NRF/Éditions Gallimard, 1973, page 412",
          "text": "Quand est-ce qu’on aura le courage de préférer à tout et surtout à tous les romans, les bars-tabacs avec leurs implacables billards électriques? Les bars-tabacs comme celui de la rue de Buci?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Stephen King, Le Fléau, traduit de l’anglais, éditions J.-C. Lattès, 1991, chapitre 24",
          "text": "Jusqu’à il y a quatre ans, les tribunaux cafouillaient. Est-ce que la chaise électrique et la chambre à gaz sont des châtiments cruels et inhabituels ? L’attente entre la condamnation et l’exécution est-elle un châtiment cruel et inhabituel ?"
        },
        {
          "ref": "Johann Zarca, Braquo sauce samouraï, Paris : Fleuve noir, 2019, chapitre 15",
          "text": "« Scientifique », « scientifique », est-ce que j'ai la ganache d'Albert Einstein ? Hein ? Vous faites chier, à pénave comme des branques tout l’temps !"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Utilisé pour commencer une question pour ne pas débuter par le verbe. —"
      ],
      "note": "Le sujet n’est alors plus inversé avec le verbe"
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Exemples en français",
        "Termes populaires en français"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "ref": "Didier Demazière, Le chômage en crise ?, 1992,ISBN 2859394079",
          "text": "« […] Je sais pas quand est-ce que leur action démarre et tout ça. »"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Souvent utilisé dans la langue courante pour les questions indirectes."
      ],
      "raw_tags": [
        "Populaire"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "\\ɛ‿s kə\\"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce que.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/a/ad/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav/LL-Q150_(fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce_que.wav.ogg",
      "raw_tags": [
        "France (Lyon)"
      ],
      "wav_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/LL-Q150 (fra)-Lyokoï-est-ce que.wav"
    },
    {
      "audio": "Est-ce que pronounciation.ogg",
      "ipa": "ɛs.kə",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/9/9e/Est-ce_que_pronounciation.ogg/Est-ce_que_pronounciation.ogg.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://commons.wikimedia.org/wiki/Special:FilePath/Est-ce que pronounciation.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "raw_tags": [
        "Canada"
      ],
      "word": "tu"
    }
  ],
  "tags": [
    "interrogative",
    "invariable"
  ],
  "translations": [
    {
      "lang": "Aghem",
      "lang_code": "agq",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "à lò êzə̀ a"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Arabe",
      "lang_code": "ar",
      "roman": "hal",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "هَل"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Bambara",
      "lang_code": "bm",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "wa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Boulou",
      "lang_code": "bum",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ye"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Breton",
      "lang_code": "br",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ha"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Chinois",
      "lang_code": "zh",
      "roman": "ma",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "traditional_writing": "嗎",
      "word": "吗"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Chleuh",
      "lang_code": "shi",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ⵉⵙ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-mnikka",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ㅂ니까"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-seumnikka",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "습니까"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-neunga",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "는가"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-nga",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ㄴ가"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-nya",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "냐"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Coréen",
      "lang_code": "ko",
      "roman": "-ni",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "니"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole haïtien",
      "lang_code": "ht",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "èske"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Créole seychellois",
      "lang_code": "crs",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "eski"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Espéranto",
      "lang_code": "eo",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ĉu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Finnois",
      "lang_code": "fi",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "-ko"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hindi",
      "lang_code": "hi",
      "roman": "kyā",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "क्या"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ka"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ido",
      "lang_code": "io",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "kad"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Interlingua",
      "lang_code": "ia",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "esque"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Japonais",
      "lang_code": "ja",
      "roman": "ka",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "か"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kabyle",
      "lang_code": "kab",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "ma",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ма"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "me",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ме"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "ba",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ба"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "be",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "бе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "pa",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "па"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kazakh",
      "lang_code": "kk",
      "roman": "pe",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "пе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ба"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "бе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ма"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ме"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "па"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khakasse",
      "lang_code": "kjh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "пе"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "lang_code": "km",
      "roman": "tei",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ទេ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Khmer",
      "lang_code": "km",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "េទ"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kinyarwanda",
      "lang_code": "rw",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ese"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Kotava",
      "lang_code": "avk",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "kas"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Malais",
      "lang_code": "ms",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "adakah"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Masa",
      "lang_code": "mcn",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "kàyn"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Mohawk",
      "lang_code": "moh",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ken"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Ourdou",
      "lang_code": "ur",
      "roman": "kyā",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "كيا"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Persan",
      "lang_code": "fa",
      "roman": "âyâ",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "آيا"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Polonais",
      "lang_code": "pl",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "czy"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Portugais",
      "lang_code": "pt",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "será que"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Quenya",
      "lang_code": "qya",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ma"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Shimaoré",
      "lang_code": "swb",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "afa"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Shingazidja",
      "lang_code": "zdj",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "a"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Slovène",
      "lang_code": "sl",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ali"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Thaï",
      "lang_code": "th",
      "roman": "măi",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "ไหม"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mı"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mi"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mu"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Turc",
      "lang_code": "tr",
      "sense": "Particule interrogative",
      "word": "mü"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Allemand",
      "lang_code": "de",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "ob"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Anglais",
      "lang_code": "en",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "do"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Hébreu",
      "lang_code": "he",
      "roman": "eam",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "האם"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Russe",
      "lang_code": "ru",
      "roman": "li",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "ли"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Slovaque",
      "lang_code": "sk",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "či"
    },
    {
      "lang": "Tchèque",
      "lang_code": "cs",
      "sense": "Approximation de est-ce que",
      "word": "zda"
    }
  ],
  "word": "est-ce que"
}

Download raw JSONL data for est-ce que meaning in Français (11.5kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Français dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-05 from the frwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-20 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.