See cyfyng in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"english": "to narrow, to constrict",
"word": "cyfyngu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂enǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "kyving"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh kyving",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*komangus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *komangus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cumung"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cumung",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "beside, near, by, with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh kyving, from Proto-Celtic *komangus (compare Old Irish cumung), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”) + *h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cyfyng",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyng",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfynged",
"tags": [
"equative"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyngach",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyngaf",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ach"
},
"expansion": "cyfyng (feminine singular cyfyng, plural cyfyng, equative cyfynged, comparative cyfyngach, superlative cyfyngaf)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"narrow"
],
"id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-XtqVjp3e",
"links": [
[
"narrow",
"narrow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cul"
},
{
"word": "anaeng"
},
{
"word": "tynn"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"confined, restricted"
],
"id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-xZV-D~BA",
"links": [
[
"confined",
"confined"
],
[
"restricted",
"restricted"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cyfyngedig"
},
{
"word": "gwasgedig"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult"
],
"id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-HkRTqYyd",
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gofidus"
},
{
"word": "enbyd"
},
{
"word": "dyrys"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 25 27 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 18 20 63",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 14 14 70",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"limited in scope"
],
"id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-SFRW~IP~",
"links": [
[
"limited",
"limited"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkəvɨ̞ŋ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkəvɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əvɨ̞ŋ"
}
],
"word": "cyfyng"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Welsh/əvɨ̞ŋ",
"Rhymes:Welsh/əvɨ̞ŋ/2 syllables",
"Welsh adjectives",
"Welsh adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
"Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
"Welsh lemmas",
"Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂enǵʰ-",
"Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
"Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"derived": [
{
"english": "to narrow, to constrict",
"word": "cyfyngu"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*h₂enǵʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "wlm",
"3": "kyving"
},
"expansion": "Middle Welsh kyving",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "cel-pro",
"3": "*komangus"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Celtic *komangus",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sga",
"2": "cumung"
},
"expansion": "Old Irish cumung",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "cy",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱóm",
"4": "",
"5": "beside, near, by, with"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh kyving, from Proto-Celtic *komangus (compare Old Irish cumung), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”) + *h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cyfyng",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyng",
"tags": [
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfynged",
"tags": [
"equative"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyngach",
"tags": [
"comparative"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyngaf",
"tags": [
"superlative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "cy-mut",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "cyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "gyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"soft"
]
},
{
"form": "nghyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
},
{
"form": "chyfyng",
"source": "mutation",
"tags": [
"error-unrecognized-form"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ach"
},
"expansion": "cyfyng (feminine singular cyfyng, plural cyfyng, equative cyfynged, comparative cyfyngach, superlative cyfyngaf)",
"name": "cy-adj"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "cy-mut"
}
],
"lang": "Welsh",
"lang_code": "cy",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"narrow"
],
"links": [
[
"narrow",
"narrow"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cul"
},
{
"word": "anaeng"
},
{
"word": "tynn"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"confined, restricted"
],
"links": [
[
"confined",
"confined"
],
[
"restricted",
"restricted"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "cyfyngedig"
},
{
"word": "gwasgedig"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"difficult"
],
"links": [
[
"difficult",
"difficult"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "gofidus"
},
{
"word": "enbyd"
},
{
"word": "dyrys"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"limited in scope"
],
"links": [
[
"limited",
"limited"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈkəvɨ̞ŋ/",
"tags": [
"North-Wales"
]
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈkəvɪŋ/",
"tags": [
"South-Wales"
]
},
{
"rhymes": "-əvɨ̞ŋ"
}
],
"word": "cyfyng"
}
Download raw JSONL data for cyfyng meaning in Welsh (3.1kB)
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cyfyng/Welsh 'radical' base_tags=set()",
"path": [
"cyfyng"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cyfyng",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cyfyng/Welsh 'nasal' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cyfyng"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cyfyng",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "inflection/865",
"msg": "inflection table: IF WITHOUT ELSE EVALS False: cyfyng/Welsh 'aspirate' base_tags={'error-unrecognized-form', 'soft'}",
"path": [
"cyfyng"
],
"section": "Welsh",
"subsection": "adjective",
"title": "cyfyng",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Welsh dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.