cyfyng in All languages combined

IPA: /ˈkəvɨ̞ŋ/ [North-Wales], /ˈkəvɪŋ/ [South-Wales] [Show additional information ▼] [Hide additional information ▲]

Rhymes: -əvɨ̞ŋ Etymology: From Middle Welsh kyving, from Proto-Celtic *komangus (compare Old Irish cumung), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”) + *h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”). Etymology templates: {{root|cy|ine-pro|*h₂enǵʰ-}}, {{inh|cy|wlm|kyving}} Middle Welsh kyving, {{inh|cy|cel-pro|*komangus}} Proto-Celtic *komangus, {{cog|sga|cumung}} Old Irish cumung, {{inh|cy|ine-pro|*ḱóm||beside, near, by, with}} Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”), {{m|ine-pro|*h₂enǵʰ-||tight, painfully constricted}} *h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”) Head templates: {{cy-adj|ach}} cyfyng (feminine singular cyfyng, plural cyfyng, equative cyfynged, comparative cyfyngach, superlative cyfyngaf) Inflection templates: {{cy-mut}} Forms: cyfyng [feminine, singular], cyfyng [plural], cyfynged [equative], cyfyngach [comparative], cyfyngaf [superlative], no-table-tags [table-tags], cyfyng [mutation, mutation-radical], gyfyng [mutation, mutation-soft], nghyfyng [mutation, mutation-nasal], chyfyng [mutation, mutation-aspirate]

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{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cyfyngu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "kyving"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh kyving",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*komangus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *komangus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cumung"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cumung",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱóm",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beside, near, by, with"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂enǵʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tight, painfully constricted"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh kyving, from Proto-Celtic *komangus (compare Old Irish cumung), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”) + *h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cyfyng",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyng",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfynged",
      "tags": [
        "equative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyngach",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyngaf",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-nasal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-aspirate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ach"
      },
      "expansion": "cyfyng (feminine singular cyfyng, plural cyfyng, equative cyfynged, comparative cyfyngach, superlative cyfyngaf)",
      "name": "cy-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "narrow, confined"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-QfrGFyNG",
      "links": [
        [
          "narrow",
          "narrow"
        ],
        [
          "confined",
          "confined"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficult"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-HkRTqYyd",
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "16 21 63",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "limited in scope"
      ],
      "id": "en-cyfyng-cy-adj-SFRW~IP~",
      "links": [
        [
          "limited",
          "limited"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkəvɨ̞ŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkəvɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əvɨ̞ŋ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0 0",
      "word": "cul"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cyfyng"
}

[Show JSON for raw wiktextract data ▼] [Hide JSON for raw wiktextract data ▲]

{
  "categories": [
    "Rhymes:Welsh/əvɨ̞ŋ",
    "Rhymes:Welsh/əvɨ̞ŋ/2 syllables",
    "Welsh adjectives",
    "Welsh adjectives with red links in their headword lines",
    "Welsh entries with incorrect language header",
    "Welsh lemmas",
    "Welsh terms derived from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *h₂enǵʰ-",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Middle Welsh",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Celtic",
    "Welsh terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Welsh terms with IPA pronunciation"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "cyfyngu"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*h₂enǵʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "wlm",
        "3": "kyving"
      },
      "expansion": "Middle Welsh kyving",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "cel-pro",
        "3": "*komangus"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Celtic *komangus",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sga",
        "2": "cumung"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Irish cumung",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "cy",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ḱóm",
        "4": "",
        "5": "beside, near, by, with"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ine-pro",
        "2": "*h₂enǵʰ-",
        "3": "",
        "4": "tight, painfully constricted"
      },
      "expansion": "*h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”)",
      "name": "m"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Middle Welsh kyving, from Proto-Celtic *komangus (compare Old Irish cumung), from Proto-Indo-European *ḱóm (“beside, near, by, with”) + *h₂enǵʰ- (“tight, painfully constricted”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cyfyng",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyng",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfynged",
      "tags": [
        "equative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyngach",
      "tags": [
        "comparative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyngaf",
      "tags": [
        "superlative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cy-mut",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "cyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-radical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-soft"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "nghyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-nasal"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "chyfyng",
      "source": "mutation",
      "tags": [
        "mutation",
        "mutation-aspirate"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ach"
      },
      "expansion": "cyfyng (feminine singular cyfyng, plural cyfyng, equative cyfynged, comparative cyfyngach, superlative cyfyngaf)",
      "name": "cy-adj"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {},
      "name": "cy-mut"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Welsh",
  "lang_code": "cy",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "narrow, confined"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "narrow",
          "narrow"
        ],
        [
          "confined",
          "confined"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "difficult"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "difficult",
          "difficult"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "limited in scope"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "limited",
          "limited"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkəvɨ̞ŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "North-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkəvɪŋ/",
      "tags": [
        "South-Wales"
      ]
    },
    {
      "rhymes": "-əvɨ̞ŋ"
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "word": "cul"
    }
  ],
  "word": "cyfyng"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable All languages combined dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (f4fd8c9 and c9440ce). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

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"cyfyng" meaning in All languages combined

Adjective [Welsh]