See gan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*t-kaːn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝",
"tr": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lá",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "lá"
},
"expansion": "(classifier lá) gan",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Anatomy",
"orig": "vi:Anatomy",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"Healthcare",
"All topics",
"Health",
"Fundamental",
"Body"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"a liver"
],
"id": "en-gan-vi-noun-9IjYdP~Q",
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"liver",
"liver#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) a liver"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"examples": [
{
"english": "audacious",
"text": "to gan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "chicken",
"text": "nhát gan / gan thỏ đế",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"audacity; gall; balls"
],
"id": "en-gan-vi-noun-WyF8k2Ji",
"links": [
[
"audacity",
"audacity#English"
],
[
"gall",
"gall#English"
],
[
"balls",
"balls#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) audacity; gall; balls"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gan"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*t-kaːn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝",
"tr": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cây",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "cây"
},
"expansion": "(classifier cây) gan",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "vi",
"name": "Botany",
"orig": "vi:Botany",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "4 16 23 11 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 14 21 8 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Malus doumeri"
],
"id": "en-gan-vi-noun-YBVl6z8O",
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Malus doumeri"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sơn tra"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gan"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "cả gan"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gan béo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gan dạ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gan góc"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "gan ngỗng béo"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "to gan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*t-kaːn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝",
"tr": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hepatic"
],
"id": "en-gan-vi-adj--OF-RqtE",
"links": [
[
"hepatic",
"hepatic"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 31 17 19 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "17 31 17 19 15",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"courageous, brave, tough"
],
"id": "en-gan-vi-adj-7GzsXznQ",
"links": [
[
"courageous",
"courageous"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 33 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*t-kaːn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝",
"tr": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lá",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "lá"
},
"expansion": "(classifier lá) gan",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"vi:Anatomy"
],
"glosses": [
"a liver"
],
"links": [
[
"anatomy",
"anatomy"
],
[
"liver",
"liver#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(anatomy) a liver"
],
"topics": [
"anatomy",
"medicine",
"sciences"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"english": "audacious",
"text": "to gan",
"type": "example"
},
{
"english": "chicken",
"text": "nhát gan / gan thỏ đế",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"audacity; gall; balls"
],
"links": [
[
"audacity",
"audacity#English"
],
[
"gall",
"gall#English"
],
[
"balls",
"balls#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(figurative) audacity; gall; balls"
],
"tags": [
"figuratively"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 33 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*t-kaːn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝",
"tr": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "cây",
"tags": [
"classifier"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "noun",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"cls": "cây"
},
"expansion": "(classifier cây) gan",
"name": "vi-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"vi:Botany"
],
"glosses": [
"Malus doumeri"
],
"links": [
[
"botany",
"botany"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(botany) Malus doumeri"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "sơn tra"
}
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"botany",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gan"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 33 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Vietnamese adjectives",
"Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
"Vietnamese lemmas",
"Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
"Vietnamese nouns",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
"Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
"Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
"Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "cả gan"
},
{
"word": "gan béo"
},
{
"word": "gan dạ"
},
{
"word": "gan góc"
},
{
"word": "gan ngỗng béo"
},
{
"word": "to gan"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "mkh-vie-pro",
"3": "*t-kaːn"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "och",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Old Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
"name": "IPAfont"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "肝",
"tr": "*s.kˤar"
},
"expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
"name": "och-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "scb",
"2": "-"
},
"expansion": "Chut",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "vi",
"2": "adjective",
"3": "",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"6": "",
"7": "",
"8": "",
"head": "",
"tr": ""
},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "gan",
"name": "vi-adj"
}
],
"lang": "Vietnamese",
"lang_code": "vi",
"pos": "adj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"hepatic"
],
"links": [
[
"hepatic",
"hepatic"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"courageous, brave, tough"
],
"links": [
[
"courageous",
"courageous"
],
[
"brave",
"brave"
],
[
"tough",
"tough"
]
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Hà-Nội"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"tags": [
"Huế"
]
},
{
"ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
"note": "Saigon"
},
{
"audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
"mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
"ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
}
],
"word": "gan"
}
Download raw JSONL data for gan meaning in Vietnamese (7.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (d8cb2f3 and 4e554ae). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.