"gan" meaning in Vietnamese

See gan in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: [ɣaːn˧˧] [Hà-Nội], [ɣaːŋ˧˧] [Huế], [ɣaːŋ˧˧] (note: Saigon) Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav
Etymology: From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ ("bold"). Displaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm. Etymology templates: {{inh|vi|mkh-vie-pro|*t-kaːn}} Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, {{der|vi|och|-}} Old Chinese, {{IPAfont|*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀}} *s.kˤa[r], {{och-l|肝|tr=*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀}} 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]), {{cog|scb|-}} Chut Head templates: {{head|vi|adjective|||||||head=|tr=}} gan, {{vi-adj}} gan
  1. hepatic
    Sense id: en-gan-vi-adj--OF-RqtE Categories (other): Vietnamese nouns classified by cây, Vietnamese nouns classified by lá Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cây: 22 24 17 22 15 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by lá: 22 24 17 22 15
  2. courageous, brave, tough
    Sense id: en-gan-vi-adj-7GzsXznQ Categories (other): Vietnamese nouns classified by cây, Vietnamese nouns classified by lá Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cây: 22 24 17 22 15 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by lá: 22 24 17 22 15
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: cả gan, gan béo, gan dạ, gan góc, gan ngỗng béo, to gan

Noun

IPA: [ɣaːn˧˧] [Hà-Nội], [ɣaːŋ˧˧] [Huế], [ɣaːŋ˧˧] (note: Saigon) Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav Forms: lá [classifier]
Etymology: From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ ("bold"). Displaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm. Etymology templates: {{inh|vi|mkh-vie-pro|*t-kaːn}} Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, {{der|vi|och|-}} Old Chinese, {{IPAfont|*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀}} *s.kˤa[r], {{och-l|肝|tr=*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀}} 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]), {{cog|scb|-}} Chut Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} gan, {{vi-noun|cls=lá}} (classifier lá) gan
  1. (anatomy) a liver Categories (topical): Anatomy
    Sense id: en-gan-vi-noun-9IjYdP~Q Categories (other): Vietnamese nouns classified by cây, Vietnamese nouns classified by lá Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cây: 22 24 17 22 15 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by lá: 22 24 17 22 15 Topics: anatomy, medicine, sciences
  2. (figurative) audacity; gall; balls Tags: figuratively
    Sense id: en-gan-vi-noun-WyF8k2Ji Categories (other): Vietnamese nouns classified by cây, Vietnamese nouns classified by lá Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cây: 22 24 17 22 15 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by lá: 22 24 17 22 15

Noun

IPA: [ɣaːn˧˧] [Hà-Nội], [ɣaːŋ˧˧] [Huế], [ɣaːŋ˧˧] (note: Saigon) Audio: LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav Forms: cây [classifier]
Etymology: From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ ("bold"). Displaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm. Etymology templates: {{inh|vi|mkh-vie-pro|*t-kaːn}} Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, {{der|vi|och|-}} Old Chinese, {{IPAfont|*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀}} *s.kˤa[r], {{och-l|肝|tr=*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀}} 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]), {{cog|scb|-}} Chut Head templates: {{head|vi|noun|||head=|tr=}} gan, {{vi-noun|cls=cây}} (classifier cây) gan
  1. (botany) Malus doumeri Categories (topical): Botany Synonyms: sơn tra
    Sense id: en-gan-vi-noun-YBVl6z8O Categories (other): Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header, Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks, Vietnamese nouns classified by cây, Vietnamese nouns classified by lá Disambiguation of Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header: 8 13 23 14 42 Disambiguation of Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks: 7 11 21 10 51 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by cây: 22 24 17 22 15 Disambiguation of Vietnamese nouns classified by lá: 22 24 17 22 15 Topics: biology, botany, natural-sciences

Download JSON data for gan meaning in Vietnamese (8.2kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*t-kaːn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "肝",
        "tr": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lá",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cls": "lá"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier lá) gan",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Anatomy",
          "orig": "vi:Anatomy",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Medicine",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a liver"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-vi-noun-9IjYdP~Q",
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "liver",
          "liver#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) a liver"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "audacious",
          "text": "to gan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "chicken",
          "text": "nhát gan / gan thỏ đế",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "audacity; gall; balls"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-vi-noun-WyF8k2Ji",
      "links": [
        [
          "audacity",
          "audacity#English"
        ],
        [
          "gall",
          "gall#English"
        ],
        [
          "balls",
          "balls#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) audacity; gall; balls"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*t-kaːn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "肝",
        "tr": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cây",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cls": "cây"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier cây) gan",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "topical",
          "langcode": "vi",
          "name": "Botany",
          "orig": "vi:Botany",
          "parents": [
            "Biology",
            "Sciences",
            "All topics",
            "Fundamental"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "8 13 23 14 42",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "7 11 21 10 51",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
          "parents": [
            "Links with redundant wikilinks",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Malus doumeri"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-vi-noun-YBVl6z8O",
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) Malus doumeri"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sơn tra"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "cả gan"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gan béo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gan dạ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gan góc"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "gan ngỗng béo"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "to gan"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*t-kaːn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "肝",
        "tr": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hepatic"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-vi-adj--OF-RqtE",
      "links": [
        [
          "hepatic",
          "hepatic"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "22 24 17 22 15",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "courageous, brave, tough"
      ],
      "id": "en-gan-vi-adj-7GzsXznQ",
      "links": [
        [
          "courageous",
          "courageous"
        ],
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*t-kaːn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "肝",
        "tr": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "lá",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cls": "lá"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier lá) gan",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "vi:Anatomy"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "a liver"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "anatomy",
          "anatomy"
        ],
        [
          "liver",
          "liver#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(anatomy) a liver"
      ],
      "topics": [
        "anatomy",
        "medicine",
        "sciences"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        "Vietnamese terms with usage examples"
      ],
      "examples": [
        {
          "english": "audacious",
          "text": "to gan",
          "type": "example"
        },
        {
          "english": "chicken",
          "text": "nhát gan / gan thỏ đế",
          "type": "example"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "audacity; gall; balls"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "audacity",
          "audacity#English"
        ],
        [
          "gall",
          "gall#English"
        ],
        [
          "balls",
          "balls#English"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(figurative) audacity; gall; balls"
      ],
      "tags": [
        "figuratively"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*t-kaːn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "肝",
        "tr": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "cây",
      "tags": [
        "classifier"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "cls": "cây"
      },
      "expansion": "(classifier cây) gan",
      "name": "vi-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
        "vi:Botany"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "Malus doumeri"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "botany",
          "botany"
        ]
      ],
      "raw_glosses": [
        "(botany) Malus doumeri"
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "sơn tra"
        }
      ],
      "topics": [
        "biology",
        "botany",
        "natural-sciences"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Vietnamese adjectives",
    "Vietnamese entries with incorrect language header",
    "Vietnamese lemmas",
    "Vietnamese links with redundant wikilinks",
    "Vietnamese nouns",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by cây",
    "Vietnamese nouns classified by lá",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Old Chinese",
    "Vietnamese terms derived from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms inherited from Proto-Vietic",
    "Vietnamese terms with IPA pronunciation",
    "Vietnamese terms with audio links"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "cả gan"
    },
    {
      "word": "gan béo"
    },
    {
      "word": "gan dạ"
    },
    {
      "word": "gan góc"
    },
    {
      "word": "gan ngỗng béo"
    },
    {
      "word": "to gan"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "mkh-vie-pro",
        "3": "*t-kaːn"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "och",
        "3": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Chinese",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "*s.kˤa[r]",
      "name": "IPAfont"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "肝",
        "tr": "*s.kˤa􂀿r􂁀"
      },
      "expansion": "肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r])",
      "name": "och-l"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "scb",
        "2": "-"
      },
      "expansion": "Chut",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Proto-Vietic *t-kaːn, from Old Chinese 肝 (OC *s.kˤa[r]) (SV: can). Cognate with Chut [Rục] təkaːn¹ (\"bold\").\nDisplaced native lòm, now only found in the compounds đỏ lòm and chua lòm.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "vi",
        "2": "adjective",
        "3": "",
        "4": "",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "",
        "8": "",
        "head": "",
        "tr": ""
      },
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "gan",
      "name": "vi-adj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Vietnamese",
  "lang_code": "vi",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hepatic"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hepatic",
          "hepatic"
        ]
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "courageous, brave, tough"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "courageous",
          "courageous"
        ],
        [
          "brave",
          "brave"
        ],
        [
          "tough",
          "tough"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːn˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Hà-Nội"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "tags": [
        "Huế"
      ]
    },
    {
      "ipa": "[ɣaːŋ˧˧]",
      "note": "Saigon"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q9199 (vie)-Jessica Nguyen (Pamputt)-gan.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/8/86/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav/LL-Q9199_%28vie%29-Jessica_Nguyen_%28Pamputt%29-gan.wav.ogg"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gan"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Vietnamese dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-21 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-06 using wiktextract (6c02f21 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.