"yumruk" meaning in Turkish

See yumruk in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

IPA: /jumɾuk/ Audio: LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-yumruk.wav
Etymology: From Ottoman Turkish یومروق (yumruk, “fist”), further origin unclear. Either a derivation from Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”) (see yumak, yumru) or from Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”) with secondary contamination with the former. Clauson thinks it is rather derived from *yumur-, unrecorded causative of Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”), in the sense of "something clenched", see yum- (“to close, clench”). Cognate to Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”), Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”), Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”). Compare also Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”), Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq, “fist”), Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”). Etymology templates: {{inh|tr|ota|یومروق|t=fist|tr=yumruk}} Ottoman Turkish یومروق (yumruk, “fist”), {{der|tr|trk-pro|*yum-|t=round}} Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”), {{m|tr|yumak}} yumak, {{m|tr|yumru}} yumru, {{inh|tr|trk-pro|*yudruk|t=fist}} Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”), {{der|tr|trk-pro|*yum-|t=to close}} Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”), {{m|tr|yummak|yum-|t=to close, clench}} yum- (“to close, clench”), {{cog|az|yumruq|t=fist}} Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”), {{cog|chg||t=fist|tr=yumruq}} Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”), {{cog|tk|ýumruk|t=fist}} Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”), {{cog|oui|yydrwq|t=fist|tr=yïdruq}} Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”), {{cog|xqa|يُذْرُقْ|t=fist|tr=yuδruq}} Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq, “fist”), {{cog|ba|йоҙроҡ|t=fist}} Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”) Head templates: {{head|tr|noun|definite accusative|yumruğu|||plural|yumruklar|f1accel-form=def|acc|s|f1request=1|f3accel-form=nom|p|f3request=1|head=|sort=}} yumruk (definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar), {{tr-noun||def-acc=yumruğu|pl=yumruklar}} yumruk (definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar) Inflection templates: {{tr-infl-noun-c|u|poss=1|stem=yumruğ}} Forms: yumruğu [accusative, definite], yumruklar [plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], yumruk [nominative, singular], yumruklar [nominative, plural], yumruğu [accusative, definite, singular], yumrukları [accusative, definite, plural], yumruğa [dative, singular], yumruklara [dative, plural], yumrukta [locative, singular], yumruklarda [locative, plural], yumruktan [ablative, singular], yumruklardan [ablative, plural], yumruğun [genitive, singular], yumrukların [genitive, plural], no-table-tags [table-tags], yumruğum [first-person, nominative, singular], yumruklarım [first-person, nominative, singular], yumruğun [nominative, second-person, singular], yumrukların [nominative, second-person, singular], yumruğu [nominative, singular, third-person], yumrukları [nominative, singular, third-person], yumruğumuz [first-person, nominative, plural], yumruklarımız [first-person, nominative, plural], yumruğunuz [nominative, plural, second-person], yumruklarınız [nominative, plural, second-person], yumrukları [nominative, plural, third-person], yumruğumu [accusative, definite, first-person, singular], yumruklarımı [accusative, definite, first-person, singular], yumruğunu [accusative, definite, second-person, singular], yumruklarını [accusative, definite, second-person, singular], yumruğunu [accusative, definite, singular, third-person], yumruklarını [accusative, definite, singular, third-person], yumruğumuzu [accusative, definite, first-person, plural], yumruklarımızı [accusative, definite, first-person, plural], yumruğunuzu [accusative, definite, plural, second-person], yumruklarınızı [accusative, definite, plural, second-person], yumruklarını [accusative, definite, plural, third-person], yumruğuma [dative, first-person, singular], yumruklarıma [dative, first-person, singular], yumruğuna [dative, second-person, singular], yumruklarına [dative, second-person, singular], yumruğuna [dative, singular, third-person], yumruklarına [dative, singular, third-person], yumruğumuza [dative, first-person, plural], yumruklarımıza [dative, first-person, plural], yumruğunuza [dative, plural, second-person], yumruklarınıza [dative, plural, second-person], yumruklarına [dative, plural, third-person], yumruğumda [first-person, locative, singular], yumruklarımda [first-person, locative, singular], yumruğunda [locative, second-person, singular], yumruklarında [locative, second-person, singular], yumruğunda [locative, singular, third-person], yumruklarında [locative, singular, third-person], yumruğumuzda [first-person, locative, plural], yumruklarımızda [first-person, locative, plural], yumruğunuzda [locative, plural, second-person], yumruklarınızda [locative, plural, second-person], yumruklarında [locative, plural, third-person], yumruğumdan [ablative, first-person, singular], yumruklarımdan [ablative, first-person, singular], yumruğundan [ablative, second-person, singular], yumruklarından [ablative, second-person, singular], yumruğundan [ablative, singular, third-person], yumruklarından [ablative, singular, third-person], yumruğumuzdan [ablative, first-person, plural], yumruklarımızdan [ablative, first-person, plural], yumruğunuzdan [ablative, plural, second-person], yumruklarınızdan [ablative, plural, second-person], yumruklarından [ablative, plural, third-person], yumruğumun [first-person, genitive, singular], yumruklarımın [first-person, genitive, singular], yumruğunun [genitive, second-person, singular], yumruklarının [genitive, second-person, singular], yumruğunun [genitive, singular, third-person], yumruklarının [genitive, singular, third-person], yumruğumuzun [first-person, genitive, plural], yumruklarımızın [first-person, genitive, plural], yumruğunuzun [genitive, plural, second-person], yumruklarınızın [genitive, plural, second-person], yumruklarının [genitive, plural, third-person]
  1. fist Related terms: yumak (alt: ?), yummak (alt: ?), yumru (alt: ?), yumruklamak, yumruklaşmak, yumruklu, yumrukluk, yumruksuz
    Sense id: en-yumruk-tr-noun-kfSVmKw6 Categories (other): Turkish entries with incorrect language header, Turkish nouns with irregular stem

Download JSON data for yumruk meaning in Turkish (12.0kB)

{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "یومروق",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yumruk"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish یومروق (yumruk, “fist”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*yum-",
        "t": "round"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "yumak"
      },
      "expansion": "yumak",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "yumru"
      },
      "expansion": "yumru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*yudruk",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*yum-",
        "t": "to close"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "yummak",
        "3": "yum-",
        "t": "to close, clench"
      },
      "expansion": "yum- (“to close, clench”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "yumruq",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chg",
        "2": "",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yumruq"
      },
      "expansion": "Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tk",
        "2": "ýumruk",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oui",
        "2": "yydrwq",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yïdruq"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "يُذْرُقْ",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yuδruq"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ba",
        "2": "йоҙроҡ",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish یومروق (yumruk, “fist”), further origin unclear. Either a derivation from Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”) (see yumak, yumru) or from Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”) with secondary contamination with the former. Clauson thinks it is rather derived from *yumur-, unrecorded causative of Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”), in the sense of \"something clenched\", see yum- (“to close, clench”).\nCognate to Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”), Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”), Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”). Compare also Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”), Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq, “fist”), Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "yumruğu",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruktan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklardan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarım",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğuma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarıma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğundan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğundan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "definite accusative",
        "4": "yumruğu",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "yumruklar",
        "f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3accel-form": "nom|p",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "yumruk (definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "def-acc": "yumruğu",
        "pl": "yumruklar"
      },
      "expansion": "yumruk (definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar)",
      "name": "tr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "u",
        "poss": "1",
        "stem": "yumruğ"
      },
      "name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fist"
      ],
      "id": "en-yumruk-tr-noun-kfSVmKw6",
      "links": [
        [
          "fist",
          "fist"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "alt": "?",
          "word": "yumak"
        },
        {
          "alt": "?",
          "word": "yummak"
        },
        {
          "alt": "?",
          "word": "yumru"
        },
        {
          "word": "yumruklamak"
        },
        {
          "word": "yumruklaşmak"
        },
        {
          "word": "yumruklu"
        },
        {
          "word": "yumrukluk"
        },
        {
          "word": "yumruksuz"
        }
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jumɾuk/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-yumruk.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "yumruk"
}
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "ota",
        "3": "یومروق",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yumruk"
      },
      "expansion": "Ottoman Turkish یومروق (yumruk, “fist”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*yum-",
        "t": "round"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "yumak"
      },
      "expansion": "yumak",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "yumru"
      },
      "expansion": "yumru",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*yudruk",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”)",
      "name": "inh"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "trk-pro",
        "3": "*yum-",
        "t": "to close"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "yummak",
        "3": "yum-",
        "t": "to close, clench"
      },
      "expansion": "yum- (“to close, clench”)",
      "name": "m"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "az",
        "2": "yumruq",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "chg",
        "2": "",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yumruq"
      },
      "expansion": "Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tk",
        "2": "ýumruk",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "oui",
        "2": "yydrwq",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yïdruq"
      },
      "expansion": "Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "xqa",
        "2": "يُذْرُقْ",
        "t": "fist",
        "tr": "yuδruq"
      },
      "expansion": "Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "ba",
        "2": "йоҙроҡ",
        "t": "fist"
      },
      "expansion": "Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From Ottoman Turkish یومروق (yumruk, “fist”), further origin unclear. Either a derivation from Proto-Turkic *yum- (“round”) (see yumak, yumru) or from Proto-Turkic *yudruk (“fist”) with secondary contamination with the former. Clauson thinks it is rather derived from *yumur-, unrecorded causative of Proto-Turkic *yum- (“to close”), in the sense of \"something clenched\", see yum- (“to close, clench”).\nCognate to Azerbaijani yumruq (“fist”), Chagatai [script needed] (yumruq, “fist”), Turkmen ýumruk (“fist”). Compare also Old Uyghur yydrwq (yïdruq, “fist”), Karakhanid يُذْرُقْ (yuδruq, “fist”), Bashkir йоҙроҡ (yoźroq, “fist”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "yumruğu",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklar",
      "tags": [
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruk",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklar",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğa",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklara",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukta",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruktan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklardan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "tr-infl-noun-c",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğum",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarım",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukların",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuz",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınız",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumrukları",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzu",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızı",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarını",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "definite",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğuma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarıma",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğuna",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınıza",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarına",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızda",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarında",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğundan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğundan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızdan",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarından",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "ablative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğumuzun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarımızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruğunuzun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarınızın",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "yumruklarının",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "tr",
        "2": "noun",
        "3": "definite accusative",
        "4": "yumruğu",
        "5": "",
        "6": "",
        "7": "plural",
        "8": "yumruklar",
        "f1accel-form": "def|acc|s",
        "f1request": "1",
        "f3accel-form": "nom|p",
        "f3request": "1",
        "head": "",
        "sort": ""
      },
      "expansion": "yumruk (definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar)",
      "name": "head"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "def-acc": "yumruğu",
        "pl": "yumruklar"
      },
      "expansion": "yumruk (definite accusative yumruğu, plural yumruklar)",
      "name": "tr-noun"
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "u",
        "poss": "1",
        "stem": "yumruğ"
      },
      "name": "tr-infl-noun-c"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Turkish",
  "lang_code": "tr",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "alt": "?",
      "word": "yumak"
    },
    {
      "alt": "?",
      "word": "yummak"
    },
    {
      "alt": "?",
      "word": "yumru"
    },
    {
      "word": "yumruklamak"
    },
    {
      "word": "yumruklaşmak"
    },
    {
      "word": "yumruklu"
    },
    {
      "word": "yumrukluk"
    },
    {
      "word": "yumruksuz"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Requests for native script for Chagatai terms",
        "Turkish entries with incorrect language header",
        "Turkish lemmas",
        "Turkish nouns",
        "Turkish nouns with irregular stem",
        "Turkish terms derived from Ottoman Turkish",
        "Turkish terms derived from Proto-Turkic",
        "Turkish terms inherited from Ottoman Turkish",
        "Turkish terms inherited from Proto-Turkic",
        "Turkish terms with IPA pronunciation",
        "Turkish terms with audio links"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fist"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fist",
          "fist"
        ]
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/jumɾuk/"
    },
    {
      "audio": "LL-Q256 (tur)-ToprakM-yumruk.wav",
      "mp3_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav.mp3",
      "ogg_url": "https://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/transcoded/1/1b/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav/LL-Q256_%28tur%29-ToprakM-yumruk.wav.ogg",
      "text": "Audio"
    }
  ],
  "word": "yumruk"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Turkish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-05-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (8203a16 and 304864d). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.