See ม้า in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "กำลังม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "gʉ̀ʉak-máa",
"word": "เกือกม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขาม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขาวม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขี้ข้าม้าครอก"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขี้ม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "kìi-máa-kǎao",
"word": "ขี่ม้าขาว"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขี่ม้าตีคลี"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขี่ม้าเลียบค่าย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ขี่ม้าส่งเมือง"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "คอม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "คู่ม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "โคกม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "แชงม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ทหารม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "taang-máa-laai",
"word": "ทางม้าลาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ปากม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ผมม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "máa-chái",
"word": "ม้าใช้"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ม้าดีดกะโหลก"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ม้าต้น"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ม้าเทศ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "máa-náam",
"word": "ม้าน้ำ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "máa-mʉ̂ʉt",
"word": "ม้ามืด"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "máa-reo",
"word": "ม้าเร็ว"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "máa-laai",
"word": "ม้าลาย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "yaa-máa",
"word": "ยาม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "เยี่ยวม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "rót-máa",
"word": "รถม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "rɛɛng-máa",
"word": "แรงม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "nâa-máa",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*maːꟲ",
"4": "",
"5": "horse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "馬"
},
"expansion": "馬 (MC maeX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kkh",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ມ້າ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ມ້າ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦙᦱᧉ"
},
"expansion": "Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blt",
"2": "ꪣ꫁ꪱ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "twh",
"2": "ꪝꪱꫂ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "မႃႉ"
},
"expansion": "Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥛᥣᥳ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aio",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Aiton မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phk",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Phake မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aho",
"2": "𑜉𑜠"
},
"expansion": "Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "max"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang max",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-onb-pro",
"2": "*maʔᴰ²"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Be *maʔᴰ²",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เบ๊"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of เบ๊ (bée)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”), from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Lao ມ້າ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²), Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ, Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ, Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa), Aiton မႃ (mā), Phake မႃ (mā), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā) or 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang max. Compare Proto-Be *maʔᴰ². Doublet of เบ๊ (bée).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "th:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 15 12 13 4 6 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 19 24 18 2 2 2 12 11 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "th:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 16 12 3 5 4 4 6 18 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "th:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ตัว)",
"horse: the mammal Equus caballus of the family Equidae."
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-bMgS8j7-",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
],
[
"ม้า",
"ม้า#Thai"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"mammal",
"mammal"
],
[
"Equus caballus",
"Equus caballus#Translingual"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Equidae",
"Equidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) (classifier ตัว)",
"(classifier ตัว in general or ม้า for government-registered ones) horse: the mammal Equus caballus of the family Equidae."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "th:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 15 12 13 4 6 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 10 15 10 9 8 8 8 9 7 4",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Chairs",
"orig": "th:Chairs",
"parents": [
"Furniture",
"Sitting",
"Home",
"Body",
"Society",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 19 24 18 2 2 2 12 11 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "th:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "2 23 53 20 0 1 0 0 0 0 0",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Female",
"orig": "th:Female",
"parents": [
"Gender",
"Biology",
"Psychology",
"Sociology",
"Sciences",
"Social sciences",
"All topics",
"Society",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "8 18 25 14 3 4 3 3 4 18 2",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Crabs",
"orig": "th:Crabs",
"parents": [
"Crustaceans",
"Decapods",
"Arthropods",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 16 12 3 5 4 4 6 18 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "th:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ตัว)",
"any of various crabs of the genus Portunus, the family Portunidae."
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-fnNl6ltx",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
],
[
"ปู",
"ปู#Thai"
],
[
"various",
"various"
],
[
"crab",
"crab"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
],
[
"Portunus",
"Portunus"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Portunidae",
"Portunidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) (classifier ตัว)",
"(ปู~) any of various crabs of the genus Portunus, the family Portunidae."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Zoology",
"orig": "th:Zoology",
"parents": [
"Biology",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 15 12 13 4 6 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 19 24 18 2 2 2 12 11 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "th:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 15 12 39 1 3 1 1 4 14 1",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Fish",
"orig": "th:Fish",
"parents": [
"Vertebrates",
"Chordates",
"Animals",
"Lifeforms",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 16 12 3 5 4 4 6 18 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "th:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ตัว)",
"Boeseman croaker: the fish Boesemania microlepis of the family Sciaenidae."
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-77SfKtja",
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
],
[
"ปลา",
"ปลา#Thai"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Sciaenidae",
"Sciaenidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) (classifier ตัว)",
"(ปลา~) Boeseman croaker: the fish Boesemania microlepis of the family Sciaenidae."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 15 12 13 4 6 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"seat with legs. (classifier ตัว)"
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-y3BjGXp~",
"links": [
[
"seat",
"seat"
],
[
"leg",
"leg"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "th:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "5 15 15 15 12 13 4 6 4 9 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "13 14 14 11 5 26 5 5 8",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Chess",
"orig": "th:Chess",
"parents": [
"Board games",
"Tabletop games",
"Games",
"Recreation",
"Human activity",
"Human behaviour",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"knight. (classifier ตัว)"
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-LvEhNMZK",
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) knight. (classifier ตัว)"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "nâa-máa, “hair fringe”",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "7 6 7 6 7 6 15 16 14 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “hair fringe”)."
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-8UYfA7Vs",
"links": [
[
"หน้าม้า",
"หน้าม้า#Thai"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"fringe",
"fringe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “hair fringe”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(nâa-máa, “claque; shill”). (classifier คน)",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by คน",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 7 6 7 6 15 16 14 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 19 24 18 2 2 2 12 11 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "th:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “claque; shill”). (classifier คน)"
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-by2anR6V",
"links": [
[
"หน้าม้า",
"หน้าม้า#Thai"
],
[
"claque",
"claque"
],
[
"shill",
"shill"
],
[
"คน",
"คน#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “claque; shill”). (classifier คน)"
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(yaa-máa, “ya ma, a type of addictive drug”). (classifier เม็ด)",
"word": "ยาม้า"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 7 6 7 6 15 16 14 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 9 8 9 8 7 9 14 14 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "5 19 24 18 2 2 2 12 11 2 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Family",
"orig": "th:Family",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of ยาม้า (yaa-máa, “ya ma, a type of addictive drug”). (classifier เม็ด)"
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-POEMPeEr",
"links": [
[
"ยาม้า",
"ยาม้า#Thai"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"addictive",
"addictive"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
],
[
"เม็ด",
"เม็ด#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Clipping of ยาม้า (yaa-máa, “ya ma, a type of addictive drug”). (classifier เม็ด)"
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ดุรงค์"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ตุรงค์"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "paa-chii",
"word": "พาชี"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "มโนมัย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "má-miia",
"word": "มะเมีย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "สินธพ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "สินธวะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "sɛ̀",
"word": "แสะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "hǎi",
"word": "หัย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "àt-sà-wá",
"word": "อัศวะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "àt-sà-dɔɔn",
"word": "อัสดร"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "อัสสะ"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "aa-chaa",
"word": "อาชา"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "อาชาไนย"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"word": "ผมม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "nâa-máa",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "yaa-bâa",
"word": "ยาบ้า"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0 0 33 33 34",
"roman": "yaa-máa",
"word": "ยาม้า"
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*maːꟲ",
"4": "",
"5": "horse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "馬"
},
"expansion": "馬 (MC maeX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kkh",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ມ້າ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ມ້າ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦙᦱᧉ"
},
"expansion": "Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blt",
"2": "ꪣ꫁ꪱ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "twh",
"2": "ꪝꪱꫂ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "မႃႉ"
},
"expansion": "Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥛᥣᥳ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aio",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Aiton မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phk",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Phake မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aho",
"2": "𑜉𑜠"
},
"expansion": "Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "max"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang max",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-onb-pro",
"2": "*maʔᴰ²"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Be *maʔᴰ²",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เบ๊"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of เบ๊ (bée)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”), from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Lao ມ້າ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²), Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ, Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ, Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa), Aiton မႃ (mā), Phake မႃ (mā), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā) or 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang max. Compare Proto-Be *maʔᴰ². Doublet of เบ๊ (bée).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "name",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Astronomy",
"orig": "th:Astronomy",
"parents": [
"Sciences",
"Space",
"All topics",
"Nature",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"_dis": "16 8 9 8 9 8 7 9 6 14 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ดวง",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ดวง) (ดาว~) Beta Arietis."
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-name-Z7Bsd3Pe",
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"ดวง",
"ดวง#Thai"
],
[
"ดาว",
"ดาว#Thai"
],
[
"Beta Arietis",
"Beta Arietis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) (classifier ดวง) (ดาว~) Beta Arietis."
],
"related": [
{
"english": "king",
"roman": "kǔn",
"word": "คิงขุน"
},
{
"roman": "mét",
"word": "ควีนเม็ด"
},
{
"roman": "rʉʉa",
"word": "เรือ"
},
{
"roman": "koon",
"word": "บิชอปโคน"
},
{
"roman": "máa",
"word": "อัศวินม้า"
},
{
"roman": "bîia",
"word": "เบี้ย"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "คอม้า"
},
{
"word": "คู่ม้า"
},
{
"word": "อัศวยุช"
},
{
"roman": "àt-sà-wí-nii",
"word": "อัศวินี"
},
{
"word": "อัสสนี"
}
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ไหม"
},
"expansion": "ไหม (mǎi)",
"name": "th-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From corruption of ไหม (mǎi).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-particle"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "mǎi",
"word": "ไหม"
}
],
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai particles",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ไหม (mǎi)"
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-particle-slQt2Tel",
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"ไหม",
"ไหม#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(childish) Alternative form of ไหม (mǎi)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"childish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "nan-hbl",
"3": "媽",
"gloss": "mother",
"tr": "má"
},
"expansion": "Hokkien 媽／妈 (má, “mother”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Hokkien 媽／妈 (má, “mother”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "13 14 16 12 3 6 3 3 6 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "14 16 14 12 2 6 2 2 7 23 1",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 13 10 4 7 5 6 8 20 3",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "16 8 9 8 9 8 7 9 6 14 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ดวง",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 6 7 6 7 6 15 16 14 11 4",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 8 9 8 9 8 7 9 14 14 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 9 8 2 5 2 3 5 44 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms of address",
"parents": [
"Terms of address",
"Terms by usage"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 10 14 9 4 5 6 7 6 25 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"parents": [
"Terms with redundant script codes",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 13 14 11 3 6 4 4 7 23 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Recreational drugs",
"orig": "th:Recreational drugs",
"parents": [
"Drugs",
"Matter",
"Pharmacology",
"Chemistry",
"Nature",
"Biochemistry",
"Medicine",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Biology",
"Healthcare",
"Fundamental",
"Health",
"Body"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 11 13 9 2 5 3 7 8 28 3",
"kind": "topical",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Titles",
"orig": "th:Titles",
"parents": [
"People",
"Human",
"All topics",
"Fundamental"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "9 20 16 12 3 5 4 4 6 18 3",
"kind": "lifeform",
"langcode": "th",
"name": "Horses",
"orig": "th:Horses",
"parents": [
"Equids",
"Livestock",
"Odd-toed ungulates",
"Agriculture",
"Animals",
"Mammals",
"Applied sciences",
"Lifeforms",
"Vertebrates",
"Sciences",
"All topics",
"Life",
"Chordates",
"Fundamental",
"Nature"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2019 April 24, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 0:28 from the start, in ลองกอดหนูดูสิม้า (กรงกรรม), spoken by กมล อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (จิรายุ ตั้งศรีสุข), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 2019-07-13:\nม้า สายแล้วม้า ม้ายังไม่ตื่นอีกหรอ\nmáa · sǎai lɛ́ɛo máa · máa yang mâi dtʉ̀ʉn ìik rɔ̌ɔ\nMa! [It's] late [in the morning] now, Ma! Why haven't you got up yet?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "2019 April 24, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 1:21 from the start, in ลองกอดหนูดูสิม้า (กรงกรรม), spoken by ย้อย อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (ใหม่ เจริญปุระ), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 2019-07-13:\nนี่ม้าไม่ได้ฝันไปใช่ไหม\nnîi máa mâi dâai fǎn bpai châi mǎi\nI am not dreaming, right?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "2019 April 24, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 3:43 from the start, in ลองกอดหนูดูสิม้า (กรงกรรม), spoken by ย้อย อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (ใหม่ เจริญปุระ), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 2019-07-13:\nม้าอยากคุยกับแกสองคนนะ\nmáa yàak kui gàp gɛɛ sɔ̌ɔng kon ná\nI want to talk with you two.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mother; also used as a term of address to or title for such person, and used by such person to refer to oneself."
],
"id": "en-ม้า-th-noun-ESM~mknu",
"links": [
[
"mother",
"mother"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, used amongst Chinese people) mother; also used as a term of address to or title for such person, and used by such person to refer to oneself."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used amongst Chinese people"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/aː",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai doublets",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai nouns classified by ดวง",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"Thai proper nouns",
"Thai terms borrowed from Hokkien",
"Thai terms derived from Hokkien",
"Thai terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Thai terms derived from Proto-Tai",
"Thai terms inherited from Proto-Tai",
"Thai terms of address",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Chairs",
"th:Chess",
"th:Crabs",
"th:Family",
"th:Female",
"th:Fish",
"th:Horses",
"th:Recreational drugs",
"th:Titles"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "กำลังม้า"
},
{
"roman": "gʉ̀ʉak-máa",
"word": "เกือกม้า"
},
{
"word": "ขาม้า"
},
{
"word": "ขาวม้า"
},
{
"word": "ขี้ข้าม้าครอก"
},
{
"word": "ขี้ม้า"
},
{
"roman": "kìi-máa-kǎao",
"word": "ขี่ม้าขาว"
},
{
"word": "ขี่ม้าตีคลี"
},
{
"word": "ขี่ม้าเลียบค่าย"
},
{
"word": "ขี่ม้าส่งเมือง"
},
{
"word": "คอม้า"
},
{
"word": "คู่ม้า"
},
{
"word": "โคกม้า"
},
{
"word": "แชงม้า"
},
{
"word": "ทหารม้า"
},
{
"roman": "taang-máa-laai",
"word": "ทางม้าลาย"
},
{
"word": "ปากม้า"
},
{
"word": "ผมม้า"
},
{
"roman": "máa-chái",
"word": "ม้าใช้"
},
{
"word": "ม้าดีดกะโหลก"
},
{
"word": "ม้าต้น"
},
{
"word": "ม้าเทศ"
},
{
"roman": "máa-náam",
"word": "ม้าน้ำ"
},
{
"roman": "máa-mʉ̂ʉt",
"word": "ม้ามืด"
},
{
"roman": "máa-reo",
"word": "ม้าเร็ว"
},
{
"roman": "máa-laai",
"word": "ม้าลาย"
},
{
"roman": "yaa-máa",
"word": "ยาม้า"
},
{
"word": "เยี่ยวม้า"
},
{
"roman": "rót-máa",
"word": "รถม้า"
},
{
"roman": "rɛɛng-máa",
"word": "แรงม้า"
},
{
"roman": "nâa-máa",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*maːꟲ",
"4": "",
"5": "horse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "馬"
},
"expansion": "馬 (MC maeX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kkh",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ມ້າ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ມ້າ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦙᦱᧉ"
},
"expansion": "Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blt",
"2": "ꪣ꫁ꪱ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "twh",
"2": "ꪝꪱꫂ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "မႃႉ"
},
"expansion": "Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥛᥣᥳ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aio",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Aiton မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phk",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Phake မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aho",
"2": "𑜉𑜠"
},
"expansion": "Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "max"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang max",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-onb-pro",
"2": "*maʔᴰ²"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Be *maʔᴰ²",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เบ๊"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of เบ๊ (bée)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”), from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Lao ມ້າ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²), Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ, Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ, Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa), Aiton မႃ (mā), Phake မႃ (mā), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā) or 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang max. Compare Proto-Be *maʔᴰ². Doublet of เบ๊ (bée).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"th:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ตัว)",
"horse: the mammal Equus caballus of the family Equidae."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
],
[
"ม้า",
"ม้า#Thai"
],
[
"horse",
"horse"
],
[
"mammal",
"mammal"
],
[
"Equus caballus",
"Equus caballus#Translingual"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Equidae",
"Equidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) (classifier ตัว)",
"(classifier ตัว in general or ม้า for government-registered ones) horse: the mammal Equus caballus of the family Equidae."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"th:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ตัว)",
"any of various crabs of the genus Portunus, the family Portunidae."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
],
[
"ปู",
"ปู#Thai"
],
[
"various",
"various"
],
[
"crab",
"crab"
],
[
"genus",
"genus"
],
[
"Portunus",
"Portunus"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Portunidae",
"Portunidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) (classifier ตัว)",
"(ปู~) any of various crabs of the genus Portunus, the family Portunidae."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Entries missing English vernacular names of taxa",
"Entries using missing taxonomic name (species)",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"th:Zoology"
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ตัว)",
"Boeseman croaker: the fish Boesemania microlepis of the family Sciaenidae."
],
"links": [
[
"zoology",
"zoology"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
],
[
"ปลา",
"ปลา#Thai"
],
[
"fish",
"fish"
],
[
"family",
"family"
],
[
"Sciaenidae",
"Sciaenidae#Translingual"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(zoology) (classifier ตัว)",
"(ปลา~) Boeseman croaker: the fish Boesemania microlepis of the family Sciaenidae."
],
"topics": [
"biology",
"natural-sciences",
"zoology"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว"
],
"glosses": [
"seat with legs. (classifier ตัว)"
],
"links": [
[
"seat",
"seat"
],
[
"leg",
"leg"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"th:Chess"
],
"glosses": [
"knight. (classifier ตัว)"
],
"links": [
[
"chess",
"chess"
],
[
"knight",
"knight"
],
[
"ตัว",
"ตัว#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(chess) knight. (classifier ตัว)"
],
"topics": [
"board-games",
"chess",
"games"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "nâa-máa, “hair fringe”",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
}
],
"categories": [
"Thai clippings",
"Thai colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “hair fringe”)."
],
"links": [
[
"หน้าม้า",
"หน้าม้า#Thai"
],
[
"hair",
"hair"
],
[
"fringe",
"fringe"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “hair fringe”)."
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(nâa-máa, “claque; shill”). (classifier คน)",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
}
],
"categories": [
"Thai clippings",
"Thai colloquialisms",
"Thai nouns classified by คน"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “claque; shill”). (classifier คน)"
],
"links": [
[
"หน้าม้า",
"หน้าม้า#Thai"
],
[
"claque",
"claque"
],
[
"shill",
"shill"
],
[
"คน",
"คน#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Clipping of หน้าม้า (nâa-máa, “claque; shill”). (classifier คน)"
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
]
},
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "(yaa-máa, “ya ma, a type of addictive drug”). (classifier เม็ด)",
"word": "ยาม้า"
}
],
"categories": [
"Thai clippings",
"Thai colloquialisms",
"Thai nouns classified by เม็ด"
],
"glosses": [
"Clipping of ยาม้า (yaa-máa, “ya ma, a type of addictive drug”). (classifier เม็ด)"
],
"links": [
[
"ยาม้า",
"ยาม้า#Thai"
],
[
"type",
"type"
],
[
"addictive",
"addictive"
],
[
"drug",
"drug"
],
[
"เม็ด",
"เม็ด#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) Clipping of ยาม้า (yaa-máa, “ya ma, a type of addictive drug”). (classifier เม็ด)"
],
"tags": [
"abbreviation",
"alt-of",
"clipping",
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ดุรงค์"
},
{
"word": "ตุรงค์"
},
{
"roman": "paa-chii",
"word": "พาชี"
},
{
"word": "มโนมัย"
},
{
"roman": "má-miia",
"word": "มะเมีย"
},
{
"word": "สินธพ"
},
{
"word": "สินธวะ"
},
{
"roman": "sɛ̀",
"word": "แสะ"
},
{
"roman": "hǎi",
"word": "หัย"
},
{
"roman": "àt-sà-wá",
"word": "อัศวะ"
},
{
"roman": "àt-sà-dɔɔn",
"word": "อัสดร"
},
{
"word": "อัสสะ"
},
{
"roman": "aa-chaa",
"word": "อาชา"
},
{
"word": "อาชาไนย"
},
{
"word": "ผมม้า"
},
{
"roman": "nâa-máa",
"word": "หน้าม้า"
},
{
"roman": "yaa-bâa",
"word": "ยาบ้า"
},
{
"roman": "yaa-máa",
"word": "ยาม้า"
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/aː",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai doublets",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai nouns classified by ดวง",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"Thai proper nouns",
"Thai terms borrowed from Hokkien",
"Thai terms derived from Hokkien",
"Thai terms derived from Middle Chinese",
"Thai terms derived from Proto-Tai",
"Thai terms inherited from Proto-Tai",
"Thai terms of address",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Chairs",
"th:Chess",
"th:Crabs",
"th:Family",
"th:Female",
"th:Fish",
"th:Horses",
"th:Recreational drugs",
"th:Titles"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "tai-pro",
"3": "*maːꟲ",
"4": "",
"5": "horse"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”)",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "ltc",
"3": "-"
},
"expansion": "Middle Chinese",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "馬"
},
"expansion": "馬 (MC maeX)",
"name": "ltc-l"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "nod",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "kkh",
"2": "ᨾ᩶ᩣ"
},
"expansion": "Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lo",
"2": "ມ້າ"
},
"expansion": "Lao ມ້າ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "khb",
"2": "ᦙᦱᧉ"
},
"expansion": "Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "blt",
"2": "ꪣ꫁ꪱ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "twh",
"2": "ꪝꪱꫂ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "shn",
"2": "မႃႉ"
},
"expansion": "Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "tdd",
"2": "ᥛᥣᥳ"
},
"expansion": "Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aio",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Aiton မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "phk",
"2": "မႃ"
},
"expansion": "Phake မႃ (mā)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "aho",
"2": "𑜉𑜠"
},
"expansion": "Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "za",
"2": "max"
},
"expansion": "Zhuang max",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "qfa-onb-pro",
"2": "*maʔᴰ²"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Be *maʔᴰ²",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "เบ๊"
},
"expansion": "Doublet of เบ๊ (bée)",
"name": "doublet"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Tai *maːꟲ (“horse”), from Middle Chinese 馬 (MC maeX). Cognate with Northern Thai ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Khün ᨾ᩶ᩣ, Lao ມ້າ (mā), Lü ᦙᦱᧉ (maa²), Tai Dam ꪣ꫁ꪱ, Tai Dón ꪝꪱꫂ, Shan မႃႉ (mâ̰a), Tai Nüa ᥛᥣᥳ (mȧa), Aiton မႃ (mā), Phake မႃ (mā), Ahom 𑜉𑜠 (ma), 𑜉𑜡 (mā) or 𑜉𑜡𑜠 (māa), Zhuang max. Compare Proto-Be *maʔᴰ². Doublet of เบ๊ (bée).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-proper noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "name",
"related": [
{
"english": "king",
"roman": "kǔn",
"word": "คิงขุน"
},
{
"roman": "mét",
"word": "ควีนเม็ด"
},
{
"roman": "rʉʉa",
"word": "เรือ"
},
{
"roman": "koon",
"word": "บิชอปโคน"
},
{
"roman": "máa",
"word": "อัศวินม้า"
},
{
"roman": "bîia",
"word": "เบี้ย"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"th:Astronomy"
],
"glosses": [
"(classifier ดวง) (ดาว~) Beta Arietis."
],
"links": [
[
"astronomy",
"astronomy"
],
[
"ดวง",
"ดวง#Thai"
],
[
"ดาว",
"ดาว#Thai"
],
[
"Beta Arietis",
"Beta Arietis"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(astronomy) (classifier ดวง) (ดาว~) Beta Arietis."
],
"topics": [
"astronomy",
"natural-sciences"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "คอม้า"
},
{
"word": "คู่ม้า"
},
{
"word": "อัศวยุช"
},
{
"roman": "àt-sà-wí-nii",
"word": "อัศวินี"
},
{
"word": "อัสสนี"
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/aː",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai nouns classified by ดวง",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"Thai particles",
"Thai terms borrowed from Hokkien",
"Thai terms derived from Hokkien",
"Thai terms of address",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Chairs",
"th:Crabs",
"th:Family",
"th:Female",
"th:Fish",
"th:Horses",
"th:Recreational drugs",
"th:Titles"
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ไหม"
},
"expansion": "ไหม (mǎi)",
"name": "th-l"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From corruption of ไหม (mǎi).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-particle"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "particle",
"senses": [
{
"alt_of": [
{
"extra": "mǎi",
"word": "ไหม"
}
],
"categories": [
"Thai childish terms"
],
"glosses": [
"Alternative form of ไหม (mǎi)"
],
"links": [
[
"childish",
"childish"
],
[
"ไหม",
"ไหม#Thai"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(childish) Alternative form of ไหม (mǎi)"
],
"tags": [
"alt-of",
"alternative",
"childish"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Rhymes:Thai/aː",
"Thai 1-syllable words",
"Thai entries with incorrect language header",
"Thai lemmas",
"Thai nouns",
"Thai nouns classified by ดวง",
"Thai nouns classified by ตัว",
"Thai nouns classified by ม้า",
"Thai nouns classified by เม็ด",
"Thai terms borrowed from Hokkien",
"Thai terms derived from Hokkien",
"Thai terms of address",
"Thai terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Thai terms with redundant script codes",
"th:Chairs",
"th:Crabs",
"th:Family",
"th:Female",
"th:Fish",
"th:Horses",
"th:Recreational drugs",
"th:Titles"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "th",
"2": "nan-hbl",
"3": "媽",
"gloss": "mother",
"tr": "má"
},
"expansion": "Hokkien 媽／妈 (má, “mother”)",
"name": "bor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Possibly from Hokkien 媽／妈 (má, “mother”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "máa",
"tags": [
"romanization"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "ม้า • (máa)",
"name": "th-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Thai",
"lang_code": "th",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Thai colloquialisms",
"Thai terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"text": "2019 April 24, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 0:28 from the start, in ลองกอดหนูดูสิม้า (กรงกรรม), spoken by กมล อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (จิรายุ ตั้งศรีสุข), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 2019-07-13:\nม้า สายแล้วม้า ม้ายังไม่ตื่นอีกหรอ\nmáa · sǎai lɛ́ɛo máa · máa yang mâi dtʉ̀ʉn ìik rɔ̌ɔ\nMa! [It's] late [in the morning] now, Ma! Why haven't you got up yet?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "2019 April 24, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 1:21 from the start, in ลองกอดหนูดูสิม้า (กรงกรรม), spoken by ย้อย อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (ใหม่ เจริญปุระ), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 2019-07-13:\nนี่ม้าไม่ได้ฝันไปใช่ไหม\nnîi máa mâi dâai fǎn bpai châi mǎi\nI am not dreaming, right?",
"type": "example"
},
{
"text": "2019 April 24, ยิ่งยศ ปัญญา, 3:43 from the start, in ลองกอดหนูดูสิม้า (กรงกรรม), spoken by ย้อย อัศวรุ่งเรืองกิจ (ใหม่ เจริญปุระ), Bangkok: Channel 3, retrieved 2019-07-13:\nม้าอยากคุยกับแกสองคนนะ\nmáa yàak kui gàp gɛɛ sɔ̌ɔng kon ná\nI want to talk with you two.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"mother; also used as a term of address to or title for such person, and used by such person to refer to oneself."
],
"links": [
[
"mother",
"mother"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial, used amongst Chinese people) mother; also used as a term of address to or title for such person, and used by such person to refer to oneself."
],
"raw_tags": [
"used amongst Chinese people"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/maː˦˥/",
"tags": [
"standard"
]
}
],
"word": "ม้า"
}
Download raw JSONL data for ม้า meaning in Thai (18.0kB)
{
"called_from": "parser/304",
"msg": "HTML tag <table> not properly closed",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": "started on line 1, detected on line 3"
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </tr>",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "parser/1336",
"msg": "no corresponding start tag found for </table>",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: classifier ตัว in general or ม้า for government-registered ones",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: classifier ตัว in general or ม้า for government-registered ones",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ปู~",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ปู~",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ปลา~",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
{
"called_from": "form_descriptions/1831",
"msg": "unrecognized sense qualifier: ปลา~",
"path": [
"ม้า"
],
"section": "Thai",
"subsection": "noun",
"title": "ม้า",
"trace": ""
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Thai dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-12-15 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-12-04 using wiktextract (8a39820 and 4401a4c). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.