"gynǫti" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See gynǫti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: Per Derksen, the root vowel stems from lengthening of the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ- from the root *gʰewbʰ-, with the addition of the Proto-Slavic suffix *-nǫti; the acute tone of the root is a secondary development, common in verbs ending in *-nǫti. Compare *gubìti (“to destroy”), the corresponding causative. Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently from Derksen; see discussion under *gъbnǫti. Etymology templates: {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*gʰubʰ-}} Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ-, {{affix|sla-pro|*-nǫti}} *-nǫti Inflection templates: {{sla-conj||gyb-|-1|ap=a}} Forms: gỳnǫti [canonical], no-table-tags [table-tags], a [accent-paradigm], gybenьje [noun-from-verb], gynǫti [infinitive], gynǫtъ [supine], gyblъ [l-participle], no-table-tags [table-tags], a [accent-paradigm], gybenъ [participle, passive, past], gynomъ [participle, passive, present], gybъ [active, participle, past], gyny [active, participle, present], no-table-tags [table-tags], a [accent-paradigm], gybъ [aorist, first-person, singular], gyboxъ [aorist, first-person, singular], gybe [aorist, second-person, singular], gybe [aorist, singular, third-person], gynǫ [first-person, present, singular], gyneši [present, second-person, singular], gynetь [present, singular, third-person], gybově [aorist, dual, first-person], gyboxově [aorist, dual, first-person], gybeta [aorist, dual, second-person], gybosta [aorist, dual, second-person], gybete [aorist, dual, third-person], gyboste [aorist, dual, third-person], gynevě [dual, first-person, present], gyneta [dual, present, second-person], gynete [dual, present, third-person], gybomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], gyboxomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], gybete [aorist, plural, second-person], gyboste [aorist, plural, second-person], gybǫ [aorist, plural, third-person], gybošę [aorist, plural, third-person], gynemъ [first-person, plural, present], gynete [plural, present, second-person], gynǫtь [plural, present, third-person], gyněaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], gyněaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], gyněaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], gyni [imperative, second-person, singular], gyni [imperative, singular, third-person], gyněaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], gyněašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], gyněašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], gyněvě [dual, first-person, imperative], gyněta [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], gyněaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], gyněašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], gyněaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], gyněmъ [first-person, imperative, plural], gyněte [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to perish Wikipedia link: Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: gybnǫti (english: dialectal difference) Derived forms: ugynǫti, pogynǫti, zagynǫti, jьzgynǫti, gybělь Related terms: gubìti (english: to destroy), gybati (english: to perish? to bend? to break?), gъbnǫti (english: to bend), gъbežь (english: bend, joint)

Download JSONL data for gynǫti meaning in Proto-Slavic (11.2kB)

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "гꙑнꙋти",
            "3": "гꙑбнꙋти"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: гꙑнꙋти (gynuti), гꙑбнꙋти (gybnuti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: гꙑнꙋти (gynuti), гꙑбнꙋти (gybnuti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "гі́нуць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: гі́нуць (hínucʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: гі́нуць (hínucʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "ги́бнуть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ); low colloquial ги́нуть (gínutʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ги́нути"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: ги́нути (hýnuty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: ги́нути (hýnuty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: гꙑбнѫти (gybnǫti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "ги́на"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: ги́на (gína)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: ги́на (gína)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "гине",
            "3": "гибне"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: гине (gine), гибне (gibne)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: гине (gine), гибне (gibne)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ги̏нути",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ги̏нути",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ги̏нути"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "gȉnuti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: gȉnuti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: gȉnuti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "gíniti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: gíniti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gíniti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: gíniti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: gíniti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "hynúti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: hynúti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: hynúti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "hynout"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: hynout",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: hynout"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "ďainǫt"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: ďainǫt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: ďainǫt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "ginąć"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: ginąć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: ginąć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ginąć"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: ginąć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: ginąć, archaic gibnąć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "hynúť"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: hynúť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: hynúť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "gjybnõc"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: gjybnõc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: gjybnõc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "hinyć"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: hinyć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: hinyć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "ginuś"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: ginuś",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: ginuś"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰubʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-nǫti"
      },
      "expansion": "*-nǫti",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Per Derksen, the root vowel stems from lengthening of the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ- from the root *gʰewbʰ-, with the addition of the Proto-Slavic suffix *-nǫti; the acute tone of the root is a secondary development, common in verbs ending in *-nǫti. Compare *gubìti (“to destroy”), the corresponding causative. Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently from Derksen; see discussion under *gъbnǫti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gỳnǫti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybenьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫtъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyblъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyny",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyneši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynetь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybosta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynevě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyneta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybošę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫtь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněvě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "gyb-",
        "3": "-1",
        "ap": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gynǫti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-nǫti",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C/n-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "ugynǫti"
        },
        {
          "word": "pogynǫti"
        },
        {
          "word": "zagynǫti"
        },
        {
          "word": "jьzgynǫti"
        },
        {
          "word": "gybělь"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to perish"
      ],
      "id": "en-gynǫti-sla-pro-verb-n2N49Faq",
      "links": [
        [
          "perish",
          "perish"
        ]
      ],
      "related": [
        {
          "english": "to destroy",
          "word": "gubìti"
        },
        {
          "english": "to perish? to bend? to break?",
          "word": "gybati"
        },
        {
          "english": "to bend",
          "word": "gъbnǫti"
        },
        {
          "english": "bend, joint",
          "word": "gъbežь"
        }
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "english": "dialectal difference",
          "word": "gybnǫti"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "gynǫti"
}
{
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "ugynǫti"
    },
    {
      "word": "pogynǫti"
    },
    {
      "word": "zagynǫti"
    },
    {
      "word": "jьzgynǫti"
    },
    {
      "word": "gybělь"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "гꙑнꙋти",
            "3": "гꙑбнꙋти"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: гꙑнꙋти (gynuti), гꙑбнꙋти (gybnuti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: гꙑнꙋти (gynuti), гꙑбнꙋти (gybnuti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "гі́нуць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: гі́нуць (hínucʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: гі́нуць (hínucʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "ги́бнуть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: ги́бнуть (gíbnutʹ); low colloquial ги́нуть (gínutʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "ги́нути"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: ги́нути (hýnuty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: ги́нути (hýnuty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: гꙑбнѫти (gybnǫti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: [Term?]"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "ги́на"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: ги́на (gína)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: ги́на (gína)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "гине",
            "3": "гибне"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: гине (gine), гибне (gibne)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: гине (gine), гибне (gibne)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "ги̏нути",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: ги̏нути",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: ги̏нути"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "gȉnuti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: gȉnuti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: gȉnuti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "gíniti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: gíniti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gíniti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: gíniti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: gíniti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "hynúti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: hynúti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: hynúti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "hynout"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: hynout",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: hynout"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pox",
            "2": "ďainǫt"
          },
          "expansion": "Polabian: ďainǫt",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polabian: ďainǫt"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "ginąć"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: ginąć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: ginąć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "ginąć"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: ginąć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: ginąć, archaic gibnąć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "hynúť"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: hynúť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: hynúť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-slv",
            "2": "gjybnõc"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovincian: gjybnõc",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovincian: gjybnõc"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "hinyć"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: hinyć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: hinyć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dsb",
            "2": "ginuś"
          },
          "expansion": "Lower Sorbian: ginuś",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Lower Sorbian: ginuś"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gʰubʰ-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-nǫti"
      },
      "expansion": "*-nǫti",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Per Derksen, the root vowel stems from lengthening of the zero grade of Proto-Indo-European *gʰubʰ- from the root *gʰewbʰ-, with the addition of the Proto-Slavic suffix *-nǫti; the acute tone of the root is a secondary development, common in verbs ending in *-nǫti. Compare *gubìti (“to destroy”), the corresponding causative. Also cognate with *gъbnǫti (“to bend”). Other scholars reconstruct the PIE root differently from Derksen; see discussion under *gъbnǫti.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "gỳnǫti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybenьje",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫti",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫtъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyblъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybenъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyny",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybe",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyneši",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynetь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybosta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynevě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyneta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyboste",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gybošę",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynemъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gynǫtь",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaše",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxově",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněašeta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněvě",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněta",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxomъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněašete",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněaxǫ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněmъ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gyněte",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "",
        "2": "gyb-",
        "3": "-1",
        "ap": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/gynǫti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "to destroy",
      "word": "gubìti"
    },
    {
      "english": "to perish? to bend? to break?",
      "word": "gybati"
    },
    {
      "english": "to bend",
      "word": "gъbnǫti"
    },
    {
      "english": "bend, joint",
      "word": "gъbežь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-nǫti",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -C/n-",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm a",
        "Undetermined terms with quotations",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/2root",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to perish"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "perish",
          "perish"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "synonyms": [
    {
      "english": "dialectal difference",
      "word": "gybnǫti"
    }
  ],
  "word": "gynǫti"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-27 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (0f7b3ac and b863ecc). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.