"govoriti" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See govoriti in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Verb

Etymology: From *govorъ + *-iti, an extension of Proto-Indo-European *gewH- + *-oriti. Cognate with Sanskrit जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, to invoke”), Ancient Greek γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping”). Etymology templates: {{root|sla-pro|ine-pro|*gewH-}}, {{affix|sla-pro|*govorъ|*-iti}} *govorъ + *-iti, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*gewH-}} Proto-Indo-European *gewH-, {{affix|sla-pro|*-oriti}} *-oriti, {{cog|sa|जोगुवे||to call, to invoke|tr=jóguve}} Sanskrit जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, to invoke”), {{cog|grc|γόος||wailing, weeping}} Ancient Greek γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping”) Inflection templates: {{sla-conj|impf|-1|ap=c}} Forms: govorìti [canonical, imperfective], reťi [perfective], imperfective [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], govořenьje [noun-from-verb], govoriti [infinitive], govoritъ [supine], govorilъ [l-participle], imperfective [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], govořenъ [participle, passive, past], govorimъ [participle, passive, present], govořь [active, participle, past], govorę [active, participle, present], imperfective [table-tags], c [accent-paradigm], govorixъ [aorist, first-person, singular], govori [aorist, second-person, singular], govori [aorist, singular, third-person], govořǫ [first-person, present, singular], govoriši [present, second-person, singular], govoritь [present, singular, third-person], govorixově [aorist, dual, first-person], govorista [aorist, dual, second-person], govoriste [aorist, dual, third-person], govorivě [dual, first-person, present], govorita [dual, present, second-person], govorite [dual, present, third-person], govorixomъ [aorist, first-person, plural], govoriste [aorist, plural, second-person], govorišę [aorist, plural, third-person], govorimъ [first-person, plural, present], govorite [plural, present, second-person], govorętь [plural, present, third-person], govořaaxъ [first-person, imperfect, singular], govořaaše [imperfect, second-person, singular], govořaaše [imperfect, singular, third-person], - [first-person, imperative, singular], govori [imperative, second-person, singular], govori [imperative, singular, third-person], govořaaxově [dual, first-person, imperfect], govořaašeta [dual, imperfect, second-person], govořaašete [dual, imperfect, third-person], govorivě [dual, first-person, imperative], govorita [dual, imperative, second-person], - [dual, imperative, third-person], govořaaxomъ [first-person, imperfect, plural], govořaašete [imperfect, plural, second-person], govořaaxǫ [imperfect, plural, third-person], govorimъ [first-person, imperative, plural], govorite [imperative, plural, second-person], - [imperative, plural, third-person]
  1. to speak, to talk Wikipedia link: Rick Derksen Tags: reconstruction
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "говорити"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: говорити (govoriti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: говорити (govoriti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "гавары́ць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: гавары́ць (havarýcʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: гавары́ць (havarýcʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "говори́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: говори́ть (govorítʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: говори́ть (govorítʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "говори́ти"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: говори́ти (hovorýty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: говори́ти (hovorýty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "говори́ти"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: говори́ти (hovorýty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: говори́ти (hovorýty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: говорити (govoriti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: ⰳⱁⰲⱁⱃⰻⱅⰹ (govoriti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "гово́ря"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: гово́ря (govórja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: гово́ря (govórja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "говори"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: говори (govori)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: говори (govori)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "гово̀рити",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: гово̀рити",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: гово̀рити"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "govòriti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: govòriti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: govòriti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "govorīti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: govorīti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "govorīti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: govorīti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: govorīti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "hovořiti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: hovořiti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: hovořiti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "hovořit"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: hovořit",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: hovořit"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "goworzyć"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: goworzyć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: goworzyć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "gaworzyć",
            "3": "gwarzyć"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: gaworzyć, gwarzyć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: gaworzyć, gwarzyć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-osk",
            "2": "hovoriť",
            "3": "hvariť"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Slovak: hovoriť, hvariť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Slovak: hovoriť, hvariť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rsk",
            "2": "гвариц"
          },
          "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: гвариц (hvaric)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: гвариц (hvaric)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "hovoriť"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: hovoriť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: hovoriť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "howrić"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: howrić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: howrić"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*govorъ",
        "3": "*-iti"
      },
      "expansion": "*govorъ + *-iti",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gewH-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-oriti"
      },
      "expansion": "*-oriti",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "जोगुवे",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to call, to invoke",
        "tr": "jóguve"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, to invoke”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γόος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wailing, weeping"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *govorъ + *-iti, an extension of Proto-Indo-European *gewH- + *-oriti. Cognate with Sanskrit जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, to invoke”), Ancient Greek γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "govorìti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reťi",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořenьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoritъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorilъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořenъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorixъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoritь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorixově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorista",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorixomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorišę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorętь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "-1",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/govoriti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-oriti",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w"
        },
        {
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to speak, to talk"
      ],
      "id": "en-govoriti-sla-pro-verb-mNed5I2C",
      "links": [
        [
          "speak",
          "speak"
        ],
        [
          "talk",
          "talk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "govoriti"
}
{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "East Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "orv",
            "2": "говорити"
          },
          "expansion": "Old East Slavic: говорити (govoriti)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old East Slavic: говорити (govoriti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "be",
            "2": "гавары́ць"
          },
          "expansion": "Belarusian: гавары́ць (havarýcʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Belarusian: гавары́ць (havarýcʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "ru",
            "2": "говори́ть"
          },
          "expansion": "Russian: говори́ть (govorítʹ)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Russian: говори́ть (govorítʹ)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rue",
            "2": "говори́ти"
          },
          "expansion": "Carpathian Rusyn: говори́ти (hovorýty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Carpathian Rusyn: говори́ти (hovorýty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "uk",
            "2": "говори́ти"
          },
          "expansion": "Ukrainian: говори́ти (hovorýty)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Ukrainian: говори́ти (hovorýty)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Old Church Slavonic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Cyrillic: говорити (govoriti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Glagolitic: ⰳⱁⰲⱁⱃⰻⱅⰹ (govoriti)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "гово́ря"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: гово́ря (govórja)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: гово́ря (govórja)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "говори"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: говори (govori)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: говори (govori)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "гово̀рити",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: гово̀рити",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: гово̀рити"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "govòriti",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: govòriti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: govòriti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "govorīti",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: govorīti",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "govorīti"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: govorīti (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: govorīti (tonal orthography)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "West Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-ocs",
            "2": "hovořiti"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Czech: hovořiti",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Czech: hovořiti"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "cs",
            "2": "hovořit"
          },
          "expansion": "Czech: hovořit",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Czech: hovořit"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-opl",
            "2": "goworzyć"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Polish: goworzyć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Polish: goworzyć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "pl",
            "2": "gaworzyć",
            "3": "gwarzyć"
          },
          "expansion": "Polish: gaworzyć, gwarzyć",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Polish: gaworzyć, gwarzyć"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "zlw-osk",
            "2": "hovoriť",
            "3": "hvariť"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Slovak: hovoriť, hvariť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Slovak: hovoriť, hvariť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "rsk",
            "2": "гвариц"
          },
          "expansion": "Pannonian Rusyn: гвариц (hvaric)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Pannonian Rusyn: гвариц (hvaric)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sk",
            "2": "hovoriť"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovak: hovoriť",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovak: hovoriť"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "Sorbian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "hsb",
            "2": "howrić"
          },
          "expansion": "Upper Sorbian: howrić",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Upper Sorbian: howrić"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*govorъ",
        "3": "*-iti"
      },
      "expansion": "*govorъ + *-iti",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*gewH-"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gewH-",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-oriti"
      },
      "expansion": "*-oriti",
      "name": "affix"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sa",
        "2": "जोगुवे",
        "3": "",
        "4": "to call, to invoke",
        "tr": "jóguve"
      },
      "expansion": "Sanskrit जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, to invoke”)",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "grc",
        "2": "γόος",
        "3": "",
        "4": "wailing, weeping"
      },
      "expansion": "Ancient Greek γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping”)",
      "name": "cog"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "From *govorъ + *-iti, an extension of Proto-Indo-European *gewH- + *-oriti. Cognate with Sanskrit जोगुवे (jóguve, “to call, to invoke”), Ancient Greek γόος (góos, “wailing, weeping”).",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "govorìti",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "imperfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "reťi",
      "tags": [
        "perfective"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořenьje",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "noun-from-verb"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriti",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "infinitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoritъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "supine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorilъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "l-participle"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořenъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "participle",
        "passive",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "past"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "active",
        "participle",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "imperfective",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-conj",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "c",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorixъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "present",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriši",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoritь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "present",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorixově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "first-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorista",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "dual",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorixomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "first-person",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govoriste",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorišę",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "aorist",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "plural",
        "present"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorętь",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "present",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaše",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "second-person",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govori",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "singular",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxově",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperfect"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaašeta",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperfect",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorivě",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "first-person",
        "imperative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorita",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "imperative",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxomъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperfect",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaašete",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govořaaxǫ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperfect",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorimъ",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "first-person",
        "imperative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "govorite",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "second-person"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-",
      "source": "conjugation",
      "tags": [
        "imperative",
        "plural",
        "third-person"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "impf",
        "2": "-1",
        "ap": "c"
      },
      "name": "sla-conj"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/govoriti",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Pages with 1 entry",
        "Pages with entries",
        "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
        "Proto-Slavic imperfective verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
        "Proto-Slavic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gewH-",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-iti",
        "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-oriti",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs ending in -i-",
        "Proto-Slavic verbs with accent paradigm c",
        "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/ap",
        "sla-conj with extra parameters/n"
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "to speak, to talk"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "speak",
          "speak"
        ],
        [
          "talk",
          "talk"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ],
      "wikipedia": [
        "Rick Derksen"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "govoriti"
}

Download raw JSONL data for govoriti meaning in Proto-Slavic (10.9kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-03 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-20 using wiktextract (05fdf6b and 9dbd323). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.