"dolka" meaning in Proto-Slavic

See dolka in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Noun

Etymology: Uncertain. Limited to South Slavic languages. Reconstructed as *dolka since Proto-Slavic *dl usually gets contracted to *l in South Slavic. If right, (per Berneker) perhaps akin to dial. Lithuanian délka f, délkas m (“fishing tool”) from délti (“to use up”). Further origin possibly from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to cleave”) + *-ka. Etymology templates: {{unc|sla-pro}} Uncertain, {{cog|lt|délka|g=f}} Lithuanian délka f, {{der|sla-pro|ine-pro|*delh₁-|t=to split, to cleave}} Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to cleave”), {{affix|sla-pro|*-ka}} *-ka Inflection templates: {{sla-decl-noun|ap=a}} Forms: dòlka [canonical, feminine], Slavic [South], no-table-tags [table-tags], a [accent-paradigm], dolka [nominative, singular], dòlcě [dual, nominative], dòlky [nominative, plural], dòlky [genitive, singular], dòlku [dual, genitive], dòlkъ [genitive, plural], dòlcě [dative, singular], dòlkama [dative, dual], dòlkamъ [dative, plural], dòlkǫ [accusative, singular], dòlcě [accusative, dual], dòlky [accusative, plural], dòlkojǫ [instrumental, singular], dòlkǭ [instrumental, singular], dòlkama [dual, instrumental], dòlkamī [instrumental, plural], dòlcě [locative, singular], dòlku [dual, locative], dòlkasъ [locative, plural], dòlkaxъ [locative, plural], dòlko [singular, vocative], dòlcě [dual, vocative], dòlky [plural, vocative]
  1. fur, pelt (Eastern South Slavic) Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *kozina, *sьrstь, *guna
    Sense id: en-dolka-sla-pro-noun-d3ZoPtAo Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka, Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 45 55
  2. hair (Western South Slavic) Tags: reconstruction Synonyms: *kosa
    Sense id: en-dolka-sla-pro-noun-Q720x0gR Categories (other): Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup, Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a, Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka, Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka: 45 55 Disambiguation of Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys: 45 55
The following are not (yet) sense-disambiguated
Derived forms: dolčica [diminutive], dolkavъ, dolkatъ (english: furred) Related terms: dolga (english: splint) [possibly], dolnь (english: palm) [possibly] Related terms (*dolkъ/*dlakъ (“furred, coated”)): ⇒ *vьlkolakъ (english: werewolf; perhaps)
Disambiguation of '*dolkъ/*dlakъ (“furred, coated”)': 55 45

Download JSON data for dolka meaning in Proto-Slavic (7.3kB)

{
  "derived": [
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ],
      "word": "dolčica"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "word": "dolkavъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "furred",
      "word": "dolkatъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "дла́ка"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: дла́ка (dláka)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: дла́ка (dláka) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "длака"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: длака (dlaka)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: длака (dlaka) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "дла̏ка",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: дла̏ка",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: дла̏ка"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "dlȁka",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: dlȁka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: dlȁka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "dláka",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dláka",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dláka"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dláka (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: dláka (tonal orthography)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "délka",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian délka f",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*delh₁-",
        "t": "to split, to cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to cleave”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ka"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ka",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Limited to South Slavic languages. Reconstructed as *dolka since Proto-Slavic *dl usually gets contracted to *l in South Slavic. If right, (per Berneker) perhaps akin to dial. Lithuanian délka f, délkas m (“fishing tool”) from délti (“to use up”).\nFurther origin possibly from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to cleave”) + *-ka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dòlka",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Slavic",
      "tags": [
        "South"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dolka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkamъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkǭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkamī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkaxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "ap": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dolka",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "_dis1": "55 45",
      "english": "werewolf; perhaps",
      "sense": "*dolkъ/*dlakъ (“furred, coated”)",
      "word": "⇒ *vьlkolakъ"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "splint",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "dolga"
    },
    {
      "_dis1": "0 0",
      "english": "palm",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "dolnь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "fur, pelt (Eastern South Slavic)"
      ],
      "id": "en-dolka-sla-pro-noun-d3ZoPtAo",
      "links": [
        [
          "fur",
          "fur"
        ],
        [
          "pelt",
          "pelt"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*kozina"
        },
        {
          "word": "*sьrstь"
        },
        {
          "word": "*guna"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with topic categories using raw markup",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "45 55",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
          "parents": [
            "Terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "hair (Western South Slavic)"
      ],
      "id": "en-dolka-sla-pro-noun-Q720x0gR",
      "links": [
        [
          "hair",
          "hair"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*kosa"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "dolka"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Proto-Slavic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Slavic entries with topic categories using raw markup",
    "Proto-Slavic feminine nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic hard a-stem nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic lemmas",
    "Proto-Slavic nominals with accent paradigm a",
    "Proto-Slavic nouns",
    "Proto-Slavic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Slavic terms suffixed with *-ka",
    "Proto-Slavic terms with non-redundant non-automated sortkeys",
    "Proto-Slavic terms with unknown etymologies",
    "sla-pro:Hair"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "tags": [
        "diminutive"
      ],
      "word": "dolčica"
    },
    {
      "word": "dolkavъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "furred",
      "word": "dolkatъ"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [],
      "text": "South Slavic:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "bg",
            "2": "дла́ка"
          },
          "expansion": "Bulgarian: дла́ка (dláka)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Bulgarian: дла́ка (dláka) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "mk",
            "2": "длака"
          },
          "expansion": "Macedonian: длака (dlaka)",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dialectal"
          },
          "expansion": "(dialectal)",
          "name": "q"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Macedonian: длака (dlaka) (dialectal)"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "-"
          },
          "expansion": "Serbo-Croatian:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Serbo-Croatian:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "дла̏ка",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Cyrillic script: дла̏ка",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Cyrillic script: дла̏ка"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sh",
            "2": "dlȁka",
            "sclb": "1"
          },
          "expansion": "Latin script: dlȁka",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Latin script: dlȁka"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sl",
            "2": "dláka",
            "alt": "",
            "bor": "",
            "der": "",
            "g": "",
            "pos": "",
            "t": ""
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dláka",
          "name": "desc"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "tonal orthography"
          },
          "expansion": "(tonal orthography)",
          "name": "i"
        },
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "dláka"
          },
          "expansion": "Slovene: dláka (tonal orthography)",
          "name": "desc/sl-tonal"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Slovene: dláka (tonal orthography)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro"
      },
      "expansion": "Uncertain",
      "name": "unc"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "lt",
        "2": "délka",
        "g": "f"
      },
      "expansion": "Lithuanian délka f",
      "name": "cog"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*delh₁-",
        "t": "to split, to cleave"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to cleave”)",
      "name": "der"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "sla-pro",
        "2": "*-ka"
      },
      "expansion": "*-ka",
      "name": "affix"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "Uncertain. Limited to South Slavic languages. Reconstructed as *dolka since Proto-Slavic *dl usually gets contracted to *l in South Slavic. If right, (per Berneker) perhaps akin to dial. Lithuanian délka f, délkas m (“fishing tool”) from délti (“to use up”).\nFurther origin possibly from Proto-Indo-European *delh₁- (“to split, to cleave”) + *-ka.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "dòlka",
      "tags": [
        "canonical",
        "feminine"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "Slavic",
      "tags": [
        "South"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "sla-decl-noun",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accent-paradigm"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dolka",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "nominative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "nominative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "genitive"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkamъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "dual"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkojǫ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkǭ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkama",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "instrumental"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkamī",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "singular"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlku",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "locative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkasъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlkaxъ",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "locative",
        "plural"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlko",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "singular",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlcě",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "dual",
        "vocative"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "dòlky",
      "source": "declension",
      "tags": [
        "plural",
        "vocative"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "ap": "a"
      },
      "name": "sla-decl-noun"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Slavic",
  "lang_code": "sla-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Slavic/dolka",
  "pos": "noun",
  "related": [
    {
      "english": "werewolf; perhaps",
      "sense": "*dolkъ/*dlakъ (“furred, coated”)",
      "word": "⇒ *vьlkolakъ"
    },
    {
      "english": "splint",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "dolga"
    },
    {
      "english": "palm",
      "tags": [
        "possibly"
      ],
      "word": "dolnь"
    }
  ],
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "fur, pelt (Eastern South Slavic)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "fur",
          "fur"
        ],
        [
          "pelt",
          "pelt"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*kozina"
        },
        {
          "word": "*sьrstь"
        },
        {
          "word": "*guna"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    },
    {
      "glosses": [
        "hair (Western South Slavic)"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "hair",
          "hair"
        ]
      ],
      "synonyms": [
        {
          "word": "*kosa"
        }
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "word": "dolka"
}

This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Slavic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.