See spīrǭ in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*spīrā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *spīrā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *spīrā; *spīri f; *spīru f; *spīr m or n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "spīr",
"g": "?"
},
"expansion": "Old English: spīr ?",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru"
},
"expansion": "(Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Old English: spīr ? (Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "spir",
"3": "spyre",
"4": "spier",
"5": "spire"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: spir, spyre, spier, spire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: spir, spyre, spier, spire"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spire"
},
"expansion": "English: spire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spire"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spyre",
"3": "spire"
},
"expansion": "Scots: spyre, spire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: spyre, spire"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*spīr"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *spīr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *spīr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Spier",
"3": "Spíer",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Spier, Spíer n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Spier, Spíer n"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "spier",
"g": "c, n"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: spier c or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: spier c or n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "spīr",
"g": "f",
"pos": "i-stem"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: spīr f (i-stem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: spīr f (i-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "spîr",
"g": "m, n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: spîr m or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: spîr m or n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Spier",
"g": "m, n"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Spier m or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Spier m or n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Spier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Spier"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*spīr"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *spīr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *spīr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "spier",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: spier n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: spier n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spier",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: spier f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: spier f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "spīr"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: spīr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: spīr (in spīrboum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spīre",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: spīre f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: spīre f; spir (in spirboum); spier n (in grasspier)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Speier",
"g": "m, f"
},
"expansion": "German: Speier m or f",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "German: Speier m or f (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spíra"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: spíra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: spíra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "spíra"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: spíra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: spíra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "spíra"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: spíra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: spíra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "spire",
"3": "spir"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: spire, spir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: spire, spir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spira"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: spira",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: spira"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "spir"
},
"expansion": "Danish: spir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: spir"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spey-",
"t": "peak; summit; sharp point; stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“peak; summit; sharp point; stick”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“peak; summit; sharp point; stick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spīrǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīkaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīkraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīkō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīlǭ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"peak; summit; top"
],
"id": "en-spīrǭ-gem-pro-noun-qMJV65ME",
"links": [
[
"peak",
"peak"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "54 46",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "52 48",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"pole; rod; reed; stalk"
],
"id": "en-spīrǭ-gem-pro-noun-oty7bnhZ",
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
],
[
"rod",
"rod"
],
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspiː.rɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "halmaz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīrō"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīraz"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 0",
"word": "spīriz"
}
],
"word": "spīrǭ"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic feminine nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic ōn-stem nouns"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*spīrā"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *spīrā",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *spīrā; *spīri f; *spīru f; *spīr m or n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ang",
"2": "spīr",
"g": "?"
},
"expansion": "Old English: spīr ?",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru"
},
"expansion": "(Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru)",
"name": "gl"
}
],
"text": "Old English: spīr ? (Gender unknown. Perhaps from *spīr, *spīri, or *spīru)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "spir",
"3": "spyre",
"4": "spier",
"5": "spire"
},
"expansion": "Middle English: spir, spyre, spier, spire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle English: spir, spyre, spier, spire"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "en",
"2": "spire"
},
"expansion": "English: spire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "English: spire"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sco",
"2": "spyre",
"3": "spire"
},
"expansion": "Scots: spyre, spire",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Scots: spyre, spire"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "ofs",
"2": "*spīr"
},
"expansion": "Old Frisian: *spīr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Frisian: *spīr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stq",
"2": "Spier",
"3": "Spíer",
"g2": "n"
},
"expansion": "Saterland Frisian: Spier, Spíer n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Saterland Frisian: Spier, Spíer n"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fy",
"2": "spier",
"g": "c, n"
},
"expansion": "West Frisian: spier c or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "West Frisian: spier c or n"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "osx",
"2": "spīr",
"g": "f",
"pos": "i-stem"
},
"expansion": "Old Saxon: spīr f (i-stem)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Saxon: spīr f (i-stem)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gml",
"2": "spîr",
"g": "m, n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Low German: spîr m or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Low German: spîr m or n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nds-de",
"2": "Spier",
"g": "m, n"
},
"expansion": "German Low German: Spier m or n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "German Low German: Spier m or n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Spier",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ German: Spier",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ German: Spier"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "odt",
"2": "*spīr"
},
"expansion": "Old Dutch: *spīr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Dutch: *spīr"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "dum",
"2": "spier",
"g": "n"
},
"expansion": "Middle Dutch: spier n",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle Dutch: spier n"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nl",
"2": "spier",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Dutch: spier f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Dutch: spier f"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "goh",
"2": "spīr"
},
"expansion": "Old High German: spīr",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old High German: spīr (in spīrboum)"
},
{
"depth": 3,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmh",
"2": "spīre",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "Middle High German: spīre f",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Middle High German: spīre f; spir (in spirboum); spier n (in grasspier)"
},
{
"depth": 4,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "de",
"2": "Speier",
"g": "m, f"
},
"expansion": "German: Speier m or f",
"name": "desc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "dialectal"
},
"expansion": "(dialectal)",
"name": "i"
}
],
"text": "German: Speier m or f (dialectal)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "spíra"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: spíra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: spíra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "is",
"2": "spíra"
},
"expansion": "Icelandic: spíra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Icelandic: spíra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "fo",
"2": "spíra"
},
"expansion": "Faroese: spíra",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Faroese: spíra"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "nb",
"2": "spire",
"3": "spir"
},
"expansion": "Norwegian Bokmål: spire, spir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Norwegian Bokmål: spire, spir"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "sv",
"2": "spira"
},
"expansion": "Swedish: spira",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Swedish: spira"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "da",
"2": "spir"
},
"expansion": "Danish: spir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Danish: spir"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*spey-",
"t": "peak; summit; sharp point; stick"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“peak; summit; sharp point; stick”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *spey- (“peak; summit; sharp point; stick”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ōn-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "spīrōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/spīrǭ",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "spīkaz"
},
{
"word": "spīkraz"
},
{
"word": "spīkō"
},
{
"word": "spīlǭ"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"peak; summit; top"
],
"links": [
[
"peak",
"peak"
],
[
"summit",
"summit"
],
[
"top",
"top"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"pole; rod; reed; stalk"
],
"links": [
[
"pole",
"pole"
],
[
"rod",
"rod"
],
[
"reed",
"reed"
],
[
"stalk",
"stalk"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈspiː.rɔ̃ː/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "halmaz"
},
{
"word": "spīrō"
},
{
"word": "spīraz"
},
{
"word": "spīriz"
}
],
"word": "spīrǭ"
}
Download raw JSONL data for spīrǭ meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.8kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.