"kunþaz" meaning in Proto-Germanic

See kunþaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary

Adjective

IPA: /ˈkun.θɑz/
Etymology: *kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. From Pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-}}, {{suf|gem-pro|*kunnaną|*-þaz|t1=to know}} *kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz, {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form., {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵn̥h₃tós}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós Inflection templates: {{gem-decl-adj-a|kunþ}}, {{gem-decl-adj-table2|*kunþaz|*kunþanǭ|*kunþas, -is|*kunþammai|*kunþanō|*kunþai|*kunþanz|*kunþaizǫ̂|*kunþaimaz|*kunþaimiz|*kunþō|*kunþǭ|*kunþaizōz|*kunþaizōi|*kunþaizō|*kunþôz|*kunþōz|*kunþaizǫ̂|*kunþaimaz|*kunþaimiz|*kunþą, -atō|*kunþą, -atō|*kunþas, -is|*kunþammai|*kunþanō|*kunþō|*kunþō|*kunþaizǫ̂|*kunþaimaz|*kunþaimiz|*kunþô|*kunþanų|*kunþiniz|*kunþini|*kunþinē|*kunþaniz|*kunþanunz|*kunþanǫ̂|*kunþammaz|*kunþammiz|*kunþǭ|*kunþōnų|*kunþōniz|*kunþōni|*kunþōnē|*kunþōniz|*kunþōnunz|*kunþōnǫ̂|*kunþōmaz|*kunþōmiz|*kunþô|*kunþô|*kunþiniz|*kunþini|*kunþinē|*kunþōnō|*kunþōnō|*kunþanǫ̂|*kunþammaz|*kunþammiz|title=*kunþaz (a-stem)}} Forms: no-table-tags [table-tags], kunþaz [masculine, nominative, singular, strong], kunþai [masculine, nominative, plural, strong], kunþō [feminine, nominative, singular, strong], kunþôz [feminine, nominative, plural, strong], kunþą [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], -atō [neuter, nominative, singular, strong], kunþō [neuter, nominative, plural, strong], kunþanǭ [accusative, masculine, singular, strong], kunþanz [accusative, masculine, plural, strong], kunþǭ [accusative, feminine, singular, strong], kunþōz [accusative, feminine, plural, strong], kunþą [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], -atō [accusative, neuter, singular, strong], kunþō [accusative, neuter, plural, strong], kunþas [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], -is [genitive, masculine, singular, strong], kunþaizǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, strong], kunþaizōz [feminine, genitive, singular, strong], kunþaizǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, strong], kunþas [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], -is [genitive, neuter, singular, strong], kunþaizǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, strong], kunþammai [dative, masculine, singular, strong], kunþaimaz [dative, masculine, plural, strong], kunþaizōi [dative, feminine, singular, strong], kunþaimaz [dative, feminine, plural, strong], kunþammai [dative, neuter, singular, strong], kunþaimaz [dative, neuter, plural, strong], kunþanō [instrumental, masculine, singular, strong], kunþaimiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, strong], kunþaizō [feminine, instrumental, singular, strong], kunþaimiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, strong], kunþanō [instrumental, neuter, singular, strong], kunþaimiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, strong], kunþô [masculine, nominative, singular, weak], kunþaniz [masculine, nominative, plural, weak], kunþǭ [feminine, nominative, singular, weak], kunþōniz [feminine, nominative, plural, weak], kunþô [neuter, nominative, singular, weak], kunþōnō [neuter, nominative, plural, weak], kunþanų [accusative, masculine, singular, weak], kunþanunz [accusative, masculine, plural, weak], kunþōnų [accusative, feminine, singular, weak], kunþōnunz [accusative, feminine, plural, weak], kunþô [accusative, neuter, singular, weak], kunþōnō [accusative, neuter, plural, weak], kunþiniz [genitive, masculine, singular, weak], kunþanǫ̂ [genitive, masculine, plural, weak], kunþōniz [feminine, genitive, singular, weak], kunþōnǫ̂ [feminine, genitive, plural, weak], kunþiniz [genitive, neuter, singular, weak], kunþanǫ̂ [genitive, neuter, plural, weak], kunþini [dative, masculine, singular, weak], kunþammaz [dative, masculine, plural, weak], kunþōni [dative, feminine, singular, weak], kunþōmaz [dative, feminine, plural, weak], kunþini [dative, neuter, singular, weak], kunþammaz [dative, neuter, plural, weak], kunþinē [instrumental, masculine, singular, weak], kunþammiz [instrumental, masculine, plural, weak], kunþōnē [feminine, instrumental, singular, weak], kunþōmiz [feminine, instrumental, plural, weak], kunþinē [instrumental, neuter, singular, weak], kunþammiz [instrumental, neuter, plural, weak]
  1. known Tags: reconstruction Derived forms: frakunþaz, kundį̄, kunþijaną, unkunþaz
    Sense id: en-kunþaz-gem-pro-adj-cRf~8tD9 Categories (other): Pages with 1 entry, Pages with entries, Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header, Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-þaz Disambiguation of Pages with 1 entry: 100 0 Disambiguation of Pages with entries: 100 0 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header: 96 4 Disambiguation of Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-þaz: 87 13

Verb

IPA: /ˈkun.θɑz/
Etymology: *kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form. From Pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós. Etymology templates: {{root|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵneh₃-}}, {{suf|gem-pro|*kunnaną|*-þaz|t1=to know}} *kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz, {{nonlemma}} See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form., {{inh|gem-pro|ine-pro|*ǵn̥h₃tós}} Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós Head templates: {{head|gem-pro|verb form}} *kunþaz
  1. past participle of *kunnaną Tags: form-of, participle, past, reconstruction Form of: kunnaną
    Sense id: en-kunþaz-gem-pro-verb-ie7fBO50
{
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵneh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kunnaną",
        "3": "*-þaz",
        "t1": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵn̥h₃tós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.\nFrom Pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "*kunþaz",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunþaz",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kunnaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "past participle of *kunnaną"
      ],
      "id": "en-kunþaz-gem-pro-verb-ie7fBO50",
      "links": [
        [
          "*kunnaną",
          "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunnaną"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.θɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kunþaz"
}

{
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*kunþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kunþ\nOld English: cūþ\nScots: couth\nEnglish: couth\nOld Frisian: kūth\nSaterland Frisian: cut\nOld Saxon: kūth, *kunth\nMiddle Low German: kunt\nOld Dutch: cunt\nMiddle Dutch: cont\nDutch: kond\nOld High German: kund\nMiddle High German: kunt\nGerman: kund",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kunþ\nOld English: cūþ\nScots: couth\nEnglish: couth\nOld Frisian: kūth\nSaterland Frisian: cut\nOld Saxon: kūth, *kunth\nMiddle Low German: kunt\nOld Dutch: cunt\nMiddle Dutch: cont\nDutch: kond\nOld High German: kund\nMiddle High German: kunt\nGerman: kund"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kunnr",
            "3": "kuðr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kunnr, kuðr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kunnr, kuðr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "kunnur",
            "3": "kuður"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: kunnur, kuður",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: kunnur, kuður"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "kunnur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: kunnur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: kunnur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "kunder"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: kunder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: kunder"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "kund"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: kund",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: kund"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-oda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Danish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Danish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "kund"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: kund",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: kund"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (kunþs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (kunþs)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵneh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kunnaną",
        "3": "*-þaz",
        "t1": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵn̥h₃tós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.\nFrom Pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kunþ"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*kunþaz",
        "10": "*kunþaimiz",
        "11": "*kunþō",
        "12": "*kunþǭ",
        "13": "*kunþaizōz",
        "14": "*kunþaizōi",
        "15": "*kunþaizō",
        "16": "*kunþôz",
        "17": "*kunþōz",
        "18": "*kunþaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*kunþaimaz",
        "2": "*kunþanǭ",
        "20": "*kunþaimiz",
        "21": "*kunþą, -atō",
        "22": "*kunþą, -atō",
        "23": "*kunþas, -is",
        "24": "*kunþammai",
        "25": "*kunþanō",
        "26": "*kunþō",
        "27": "*kunþō",
        "28": "*kunþaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*kunþaimaz",
        "3": "*kunþas, -is",
        "30": "*kunþaimiz",
        "31": "*kunþô",
        "32": "*kunþanų",
        "33": "*kunþiniz",
        "34": "*kunþini",
        "35": "*kunþinē",
        "36": "*kunþaniz",
        "37": "*kunþanunz",
        "38": "*kunþanǫ̂",
        "39": "*kunþammaz",
        "4": "*kunþammai",
        "40": "*kunþammiz",
        "41": "*kunþǭ",
        "42": "*kunþōnų",
        "43": "*kunþōniz",
        "44": "*kunþōni",
        "45": "*kunþōnē",
        "46": "*kunþōniz",
        "47": "*kunþōnunz",
        "48": "*kunþōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*kunþōmaz",
        "5": "*kunþanō",
        "50": "*kunþōmiz",
        "51": "*kunþô",
        "52": "*kunþô",
        "53": "*kunþiniz",
        "54": "*kunþini",
        "55": "*kunþinē",
        "56": "*kunþōnō",
        "57": "*kunþōnō",
        "58": "*kunþanǫ̂",
        "59": "*kunþammaz",
        "6": "*kunþai",
        "60": "*kunþammiz",
        "7": "*kunþanz",
        "8": "*kunþaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*kunþaimaz",
        "title": "*kunþaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunþaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with 1 entry",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "100 0",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Pages with entries",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "96 4",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
          "parents": [
            "Entries with incorrect language header",
            "Entry maintenance"
          ],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        },
        {
          "_dis": "87 13",
          "kind": "other",
          "name": "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-þaz",
          "parents": [],
          "source": "w+disamb"
        }
      ],
      "derived": [
        {
          "word": "frakunþaz"
        },
        {
          "word": "kundį̄"
        },
        {
          "word": "kunþijaną"
        },
        {
          "word": "unkunþaz"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "known"
      ],
      "id": "en-kunþaz-gem-pro-adj-cRf~8tD9",
      "links": [
        [
          "known",
          "known"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.θɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kunþaz"
}
{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic non-lemma forms",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-þaz",
    "Proto-Germanic verb forms"
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵneh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kunnaną",
        "3": "*-þaz",
        "t1": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵn̥h₃tós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.\nFrom Pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós.",
  "head_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "verb form"
      },
      "expansion": "*kunþaz",
      "name": "head"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunþaz",
  "pos": "verb",
  "senses": [
    {
      "categories": [
        "Proto-Germanic past participles"
      ],
      "form_of": [
        {
          "word": "kunnaną"
        }
      ],
      "glosses": [
        "past participle of *kunnaną"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "*kunnaną",
          "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunnaną"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "form-of",
        "participle",
        "past",
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.θɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kunþaz"
}

{
  "categories": [
    "Pages with 1 entry",
    "Pages with entries",
    "Proto-Germanic a-stem adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic adjectives",
    "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
    "Proto-Germanic lemmas",
    "Proto-Germanic non-lemma forms",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *ǵneh₃-",
    "Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
    "Proto-Germanic terms suffixed with *-þaz",
    "Proto-Germanic verb forms"
  ],
  "derived": [
    {
      "word": "frakunþaz"
    },
    {
      "word": "kundį̄"
    },
    {
      "word": "kunþijaną"
    },
    {
      "word": "unkunþaz"
    }
  ],
  "descendants": [
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmw-pro",
            "2": "*kunþ"
          },
          "expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *kunþ\nOld English: cūþ\nScots: couth\nEnglish: couth\nOld Frisian: kūth\nSaterland Frisian: cut\nOld Saxon: kūth, *kunth\nMiddle Low German: kunt\nOld Dutch: cunt\nMiddle Dutch: cont\nDutch: kond\nOld High German: kund\nMiddle High German: kunt\nGerman: kund",
          "name": "desctree"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Proto-West Germanic: *kunþ\nOld English: cūþ\nScots: couth\nEnglish: couth\nOld Frisian: kūth\nSaterland Frisian: cut\nOld Saxon: kūth, *kunth\nMiddle Low German: kunt\nOld Dutch: cunt\nMiddle Dutch: cont\nDutch: kond\nOld High German: kund\nMiddle High German: kunt\nGerman: kund"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "non",
            "2": "kunnr",
            "3": "kuðr"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Norse: kunnr, kuðr",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Norse: kunnr, kuðr"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "is",
            "2": "kunnur",
            "3": "kuður"
          },
          "expansion": "Icelandic: kunnur, kuður",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Icelandic: kunnur, kuður"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "fo",
            "2": "kunnur"
          },
          "expansion": "Faroese: kunnur",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Faroese: kunnur"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-osw",
            "2": "kunder"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Swedish: kunder",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Swedish: kunder"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "sv",
            "2": "kund"
          },
          "expansion": "Swedish: kund",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Swedish: kund"
    },
    {
      "depth": 2,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "gmq-oda"
          },
          "expansion": "Old Danish:",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Old Danish:"
    },
    {
      "depth": 3,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "da",
            "2": "kund"
          },
          "expansion": "Danish: kund",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Danish: kund"
    },
    {
      "depth": 1,
      "templates": [
        {
          "args": {
            "1": "got",
            "2": "𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃"
          },
          "expansion": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (kunþs)",
          "name": "desc"
        }
      ],
      "text": "Gothic: 𐌺𐌿𐌽𐌸𐍃 (kunþs)"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵneh₃-"
      },
      "expansion": "",
      "name": "root"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "*kunnaną",
        "3": "*-þaz",
        "t1": "to know"
      },
      "expansion": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz",
      "name": "suf"
    },
    {
      "args": {},
      "expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
      "name": "nonlemma"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "gem-pro",
        "2": "ine-pro",
        "3": "*ǵn̥h₃tós"
      },
      "expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós",
      "name": "inh"
    }
  ],
  "etymology_text": "*kunnaną (“to know”) + *-þaz. See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.\nFrom Pre-Germanic *ǵń̥h₃tos, via unexplained accent shift from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃tós.",
  "forms": [
    {
      "form": "no-table-tags",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "table-tags"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "inflection-template"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "a-stem",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "class"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþôz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþą",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-atō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizōz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþas",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "-is",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizōi",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammai",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaizō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaimiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "strong"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþaniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "masculine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþǭ",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "neuter",
        "nominative",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnų",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnunz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþô",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnō",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "accusative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "genitive",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþiniz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþanǫ̂",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "genitive",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōni",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōmaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "feminine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþini",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammaz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "dative",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "masculine",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōnē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþōmiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "feminine",
        "instrumental",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþinē",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "singular",
        "weak"
      ]
    },
    {
      "form": "kunþammiz",
      "source": "inflection",
      "tags": [
        "instrumental",
        "neuter",
        "plural",
        "weak"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "inflection_templates": [
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "kunþ"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
    },
    {
      "args": {
        "1": "*kunþaz",
        "10": "*kunþaimiz",
        "11": "*kunþō",
        "12": "*kunþǭ",
        "13": "*kunþaizōz",
        "14": "*kunþaizōi",
        "15": "*kunþaizō",
        "16": "*kunþôz",
        "17": "*kunþōz",
        "18": "*kunþaizǫ̂",
        "19": "*kunþaimaz",
        "2": "*kunþanǭ",
        "20": "*kunþaimiz",
        "21": "*kunþą, -atō",
        "22": "*kunþą, -atō",
        "23": "*kunþas, -is",
        "24": "*kunþammai",
        "25": "*kunþanō",
        "26": "*kunþō",
        "27": "*kunþō",
        "28": "*kunþaizǫ̂",
        "29": "*kunþaimaz",
        "3": "*kunþas, -is",
        "30": "*kunþaimiz",
        "31": "*kunþô",
        "32": "*kunþanų",
        "33": "*kunþiniz",
        "34": "*kunþini",
        "35": "*kunþinē",
        "36": "*kunþaniz",
        "37": "*kunþanunz",
        "38": "*kunþanǫ̂",
        "39": "*kunþammaz",
        "4": "*kunþammai",
        "40": "*kunþammiz",
        "41": "*kunþǭ",
        "42": "*kunþōnų",
        "43": "*kunþōniz",
        "44": "*kunþōni",
        "45": "*kunþōnē",
        "46": "*kunþōniz",
        "47": "*kunþōnunz",
        "48": "*kunþōnǫ̂",
        "49": "*kunþōmaz",
        "5": "*kunþanō",
        "50": "*kunþōmiz",
        "51": "*kunþô",
        "52": "*kunþô",
        "53": "*kunþiniz",
        "54": "*kunþini",
        "55": "*kunþinē",
        "56": "*kunþōnō",
        "57": "*kunþōnō",
        "58": "*kunþanǫ̂",
        "59": "*kunþammaz",
        "6": "*kunþai",
        "60": "*kunþammiz",
        "7": "*kunþanz",
        "8": "*kunþaizǫ̂",
        "9": "*kunþaimaz",
        "title": "*kunþaz (a-stem)"
      },
      "name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
    }
  ],
  "lang": "Proto-Germanic",
  "lang_code": "gem-pro",
  "original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/kunþaz",
  "pos": "adj",
  "senses": [
    {
      "glosses": [
        "known"
      ],
      "links": [
        [
          "known",
          "known"
        ]
      ],
      "tags": [
        "reconstruction"
      ]
    }
  ],
  "sounds": [
    {
      "ipa": "/ˈkun.θɑz/"
    }
  ],
  "word": "kunþaz"
}

Download raw JSONL data for kunþaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (13.1kB)


This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-11-06 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-10-02 using wiktextract (fbeafe8 and 7f03c9b). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.

If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.