See jērą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*jār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *jār\nOld English: ġēar, ġǣr, ġēr — Anglian\nMiddle English: yeer, here, yere, ȝere\nEnglish: year\nJamaican Creole: ier\nTok Pisin: yia\n→ Chuukese: ier\n→ Japanese: イヤー (iyā)\n→ Volapük: yel\nScots: year\nOld Frisian: jēr, jār, iēr\nNorth Frisian: juar, iir (Mooring), Jaar (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: Jíer\nWest Frisian: jier\nOld Saxon: jār, gēr\nMiddle Low German: jâr, jaer\nGerman Low German: Jåhr, Jahr, Johr\nPlautdietsch: Joa\nOld Dutch: jār\nMiddle Dutch: jâer\nDutch: jaar\nAfrikaans: jaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: jari\nJersey Dutch: jâr\nNegerhollands: jaer, jaar, yer\n→ Aukan: yali\n→ Sranan Tongo: yari\n→ Caribbean Javanese: yari\n→ Saramaccan: jáa\nLimburgish: jaor\nWest Flemish: joar\nZealandic: jaer, jaor\nOld High German: jār\nMiddle High German: jār\nAlemannic German: Jòòr, Jààr\nBavarian: Jåhr, Joar, Joa\nCimbrian: jaar, djar (Luserna)\nMòcheno: jor\nCentral Franconian: Johr\nHunsrik: Joher\nLuxembourgish: Joer\nGerman: Jahr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Johr, Yaahr\nSwabian: Joar, Johr\nSathmar Swabian: Johr\nVilamovian: jür\nYiddish: יאָר (yor)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *jār\nOld English: ġēar, ġǣr, ġēr — Anglian\nMiddle English: yeer, here, yere, ȝere\nEnglish: year\nJamaican Creole: ier\nTok Pisin: yia\n→ Chuukese: ier\n→ Japanese: イヤー (iyā)\n→ Volapük: yel\nScots: year\nOld Frisian: jēr, jār, iēr\nNorth Frisian: juar, iir (Mooring), Jaar (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: Jíer\nWest Frisian: jier\nOld Saxon: jār, gēr\nMiddle Low German: jâr, jaer\nGerman Low German: Jåhr, Jahr, Johr\nPlautdietsch: Joa\nOld Dutch: jār\nMiddle Dutch: jâer\nDutch: jaar\nAfrikaans: jaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: jari\nJersey Dutch: jâr\nNegerhollands: jaer, jaar, yer\n→ Aukan: yali\n→ Sranan Tongo: yari\n→ Caribbean Javanese: yari\n→ Saramaccan: jáa\nLimburgish: jaor\nWest Flemish: joar\nZealandic: jaer, jaor\nOld High German: jār\nMiddle High German: jār\nAlemannic German: Jòòr, Jààr\nBavarian: Jåhr, Joar, Joa\nCimbrian: jaar, djar (Luserna)\nMòcheno: jor\nCentral Franconian: Johr\nHunsrik: Joher\nLuxembourgish: Joer\nGerman: Jahr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Johr, Yaahr\nSwabian: Joar, Johr\nSathmar Swabian: Johr\nVilamovian: jür\nYiddish: יאָר (yor)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᛃᚨᚱᚨ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᚨᚱᚨ (*jara), ᛃ (j) — abbreviation\nOld Norse: ár n\nIcelandic: ár\nFaroese: ár\nNorwegian Nynorsk: år\nRussenorsk: aart\nNorwegian Bokmål: år\nElfdalian: år\nOld Swedish: ār\nSwedish: år\nOld Danish: aar\nDanish: år",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᚨᚱᚨ (*jara), ᛃ (j) — abbreviation\nOld Norse: ár n\nIcelandic: ár\nFaroese: ár\nNorwegian Nynorsk: år\nRussenorsk: aart\nNorwegian Bokmål: år\nElfdalian: år\nOld Swedish: ār\nSwedish: år\nOld Danish: aar\nDanish: år"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌾𐌴𐍂"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yóh₁r̥",
"t": "year"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year”). This word eventually came to mean year in the sense of a unit of time in the daughter languages, but perhaps originally referred to a harvest, generally with a positive connotation. For the unit of time, see *wintruz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "jērą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jērą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jērą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jēras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jēris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jērǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jērai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jēramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jēramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jērą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"glosses": [
"year"
],
"id": "en-jērą-gem-pro-noun-TLTqJVg8",
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "10 66 24",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "7 81 12",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "3 66 31",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"harvest"
],
"id": "en-jērą-gem-pro-noun-0IfugZav",
"links": [
[
"harvest",
"harvest"
]
],
"qualifier": "good",
"raw_glosses": [
"(good) harvest"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 77 23",
"sense": "as a unit of time",
"word": "wintruz"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 37 63",
"sense": "Old Norse: *æri",
"word": "⇒ Old Norse: einæri"
},
{
"_dis1": "0 40 60",
"sense": "⇒ Old Norse: hallæri",
"word": "⇒ Icelandic: hallæri"
}
],
"glosses": [
"name of the rune ᛃ (j)"
],
"id": "en-jērą-gem-pro-noun-jIC8R7vH",
"links": [
[
"ᛃ",
"ᛃ#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Runic alphabet",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Runic alphabet) name of the rune ᛃ (j)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈjɛː.rɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0",
"word": "aþna-"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "jērą"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"gem-pro:Runic letter names"
],
"derived": [
{
"sense": "Old Norse: *æri",
"word": "⇒ Old Norse: einæri"
},
{
"sense": "⇒ Old Norse: hallæri",
"word": "⇒ Icelandic: hallæri"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*jār"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *jār\nOld English: ġēar, ġǣr, ġēr — Anglian\nMiddle English: yeer, here, yere, ȝere\nEnglish: year\nJamaican Creole: ier\nTok Pisin: yia\n→ Chuukese: ier\n→ Japanese: イヤー (iyā)\n→ Volapük: yel\nScots: year\nOld Frisian: jēr, jār, iēr\nNorth Frisian: juar, iir (Mooring), Jaar (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: Jíer\nWest Frisian: jier\nOld Saxon: jār, gēr\nMiddle Low German: jâr, jaer\nGerman Low German: Jåhr, Jahr, Johr\nPlautdietsch: Joa\nOld Dutch: jār\nMiddle Dutch: jâer\nDutch: jaar\nAfrikaans: jaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: jari\nJersey Dutch: jâr\nNegerhollands: jaer, jaar, yer\n→ Aukan: yali\n→ Sranan Tongo: yari\n→ Caribbean Javanese: yari\n→ Saramaccan: jáa\nLimburgish: jaor\nWest Flemish: joar\nZealandic: jaer, jaor\nOld High German: jār\nMiddle High German: jār\nAlemannic German: Jòòr, Jààr\nBavarian: Jåhr, Joar, Joa\nCimbrian: jaar, djar (Luserna)\nMòcheno: jor\nCentral Franconian: Johr\nHunsrik: Joher\nLuxembourgish: Joer\nGerman: Jahr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Johr, Yaahr\nSwabian: Joar, Johr\nSathmar Swabian: Johr\nVilamovian: jür\nYiddish: יאָר (yor)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *jār\nOld English: ġēar, ġǣr, ġēr — Anglian\nMiddle English: yeer, here, yere, ȝere\nEnglish: year\nJamaican Creole: ier\nTok Pisin: yia\n→ Chuukese: ier\n→ Japanese: イヤー (iyā)\n→ Volapük: yel\nScots: year\nOld Frisian: jēr, jār, iēr\nNorth Frisian: juar, iir (Mooring), Jaar (Sylt)\nSaterland Frisian: Jíer\nWest Frisian: jier\nOld Saxon: jār, gēr\nMiddle Low German: jâr, jaer\nGerman Low German: Jåhr, Jahr, Johr\nPlautdietsch: Joa\nOld Dutch: jār\nMiddle Dutch: jâer\nDutch: jaar\nAfrikaans: jaar\nBerbice Creole Dutch: jari\nJersey Dutch: jâr\nNegerhollands: jaer, jaar, yer\n→ Aukan: yali\n→ Sranan Tongo: yari\n→ Caribbean Javanese: yari\n→ Saramaccan: jáa\nLimburgish: jaor\nWest Flemish: joar\nZealandic: jaer, jaor\nOld High German: jār\nMiddle High German: jār\nAlemannic German: Jòòr, Jààr\nBavarian: Jåhr, Joar, Joa\nCimbrian: jaar, djar (Luserna)\nMòcheno: jor\nCentral Franconian: Johr\nHunsrik: Joher\nLuxembourgish: Joer\nGerman: Jahr\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: Johr, Yaahr\nSwabian: Joar, Johr\nSathmar Swabian: Johr\nVilamovian: jür\nYiddish: יאָר (yor)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "*ᛃᚨᚱᚨ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᚨᚱᚨ (*jara), ᛃ (j) — abbreviation\nOld Norse: ár n\nIcelandic: ár\nFaroese: ár\nNorwegian Nynorsk: år\nRussenorsk: aart\nNorwegian Bokmål: år\nElfdalian: år\nOld Swedish: ār\nSwedish: år\nOld Danish: aar\nDanish: år",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: *ᛃᚨᚱᚨ (*jara), ᛃ (j) — abbreviation\nOld Norse: ár n\nIcelandic: ár\nFaroese: ár\nNorwegian Nynorsk: år\nRussenorsk: aart\nNorwegian Bokmål: år\nElfdalian: år\nOld Swedish: ār\nSwedish: år\nOld Danish: aar\nDanish: år"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌾𐌴𐍂"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌾𐌴𐍂 (jēr)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*yóh₁r̥",
"t": "year"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year”)",
"name": "der"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *yóh₁r̥ (“year”). This word eventually came to mean year in the sense of a unit of time in the daughter languages, but perhaps originally referred to a harvest, generally with a positive connotation. For the unit of time, see *wintruz.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "jērą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jērą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "jērą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jēras",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jēris",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jērǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jērai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jēramaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "jērō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "jēramiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/jērą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Time"
],
"glosses": [
"year"
],
"links": [
[
"year",
"year"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"harvest"
],
"links": [
[
"harvest",
"harvest"
]
],
"qualifier": "good",
"raw_glosses": [
"(good) harvest"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"gem-pro:Runic letter names"
],
"glosses": [
"name of the rune ᛃ (j)"
],
"links": [
[
"ᛃ",
"ᛃ#Translingual"
]
],
"qualifier": "Runic alphabet",
"raw_glosses": [
"(Runic alphabet) name of the rune ᛃ (j)"
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈjɛː.rɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "aþna-"
},
{
"sense": "as a unit of time",
"word": "wintruz"
}
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers"
],
"word": "jērą"
}
Download raw JSONL data for jērą meaning in Proto-Germanic (6.2kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-01-08 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-01-01 using wiktextract (9a96ef4 and 4ed51a5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.