See hrussą in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for hrussą meaning in Proto-Germanic (5.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hross"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hross, *hors\nOld English: hors\nMiddle English: hors, horse, horsse, horce, ors\nEnglish: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)\nScots: horse, hors\nOld Frisian: hors, hars, hers, ros\nNorth Frisian: hors\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: rosje, rösje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nWest Frisian: hoars; rosje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nOld Saxon: hros, hross, hors\nMiddle Low German: ros, ors\nGerman Low German: Hüsi, Hiesi ?\nOld Dutch: hors, ors, hers, ros\nMiddle Dutch: ors, hors, hers, ers, ros\nDutch: ros, hors\nAfrikaans: ros\n⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\n→ West Frisian: rosse (verb)\nOld High German: hros, ros\nMiddle High German: ros, ors\nAlemannic German: Ross\nBavarian: Ross\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Ross\nTransylvanian Saxon: Räuss\nGerman: Ross\n→ Vulgar Latin: *rossa (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hross, *hors\nOld English: hors\nMiddle English: hors, horse, horsse, horce, ors\nEnglish: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)\nScots: horse, hors\nOld Frisian: hors, hars, hers, ros\nNorth Frisian: hors\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: rosje, rösje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nWest Frisian: hoars; rosje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nOld Saxon: hros, hross, hors\nMiddle Low German: ros, ors\nGerman Low German: Hüsi, Hiesi ?\nOld Dutch: hors, ors, hers, ros\nMiddle Dutch: ors, hors, hers, ers, ros\nDutch: ros, hors\nAfrikaans: ros\n⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\n→ West Frisian: rosse (verb)\nOld High German: hros, ros\nMiddle High German: ros, ors\nAlemannic German: Ross\nBavarian: Ross\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Ross\nTransylvanian Saxon: Räuss\nGerman: Ross\n→ Vulgar Latin: *rossa (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hross"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hross, hors\nIcelandic: hross, hors\nFaroese: ross, hors\nNorn: russ\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: røss-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hors (“mare”)\nOld Swedish: hors\nSwedish: russ, hors (dialectal)\nDanish: hors (dialectal)\nGutnish: russ",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hross, hors\nIcelandic: hross, hors\nFaroese: ross, hors\nNorn: russ\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: røss-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hors (“mare”)\nOld Swedish: hors\nSwedish: russ, hors (dialectal)\nDanish: hors (dialectal)\nGutnish: russ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "rossi"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: rossi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: rossi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱr̥sós",
"t": "vehicle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós (“vehicle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱers-",
"4": "",
"5": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*(w)ŕ̥šā",
"t": "male animal"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā (“male animal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "уырс",
"t": "stallion"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian уырс (wyrs, “stallion”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Theories include:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós (“vehicle”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”).\n* Borrowed from an Iranian language, from Proto-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā (“male animal”). Compare Ossetian уырс (wyrs, “stallion”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrussą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"glosses": [
"horse"
],
"id": "en-hrussą-gem-pro-noun-~WKGK23C",
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ehwaz"
},
{
"word": "marhaz"
},
{
"word": "wigją"
},
{
"word": "hursą"
}
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrus.sɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "hrussą"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*hross"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *hross, *hors\nOld English: hors\nMiddle English: hors, horse, horsse, horce, ors\nEnglish: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)\nScots: horse, hors\nOld Frisian: hors, hars, hers, ros\nNorth Frisian: hors\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: rosje, rösje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nWest Frisian: hoars; rosje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nOld Saxon: hros, hross, hors\nMiddle Low German: ros, ors\nGerman Low German: Hüsi, Hiesi ?\nOld Dutch: hors, ors, hers, ros\nMiddle Dutch: ors, hors, hers, ers, ros\nDutch: ros, hors\nAfrikaans: ros\n⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\n→ West Frisian: rosse (verb)\nOld High German: hros, ros\nMiddle High German: ros, ors\nAlemannic German: Ross\nBavarian: Ross\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Ross\nTransylvanian Saxon: Räuss\nGerman: Ross\n→ Vulgar Latin: *rossa (see there for further descendants)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *hross, *hors\nOld English: hors\nMiddle English: hors, horse, horsse, horce, ors\nEnglish: horse; hoss (see there for further descendants)\nScots: horse, hors\nOld Frisian: hors, hars, hers, ros\nNorth Frisian: hors\n⇒ Saterland Frisian: rosje, rösje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nWest Frisian: hoars; rosje (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\nOld Saxon: hros, hross, hors\nMiddle Low German: ros, ors\nGerman Low German: Hüsi, Hiesi ?\nOld Dutch: hors, ors, hers, ros\nMiddle Dutch: ors, hors, hers, ers, ros\nDutch: ros, hors\nAfrikaans: ros\n⇒ Dutch: rossen (“to groom (a horse)”, verb)\n→ West Frisian: rosse (verb)\nOld High German: hros, ros\nMiddle High German: ros, ors\nAlemannic German: Ross\nBavarian: Ross\nCentral Franconian:\nHunsrik: Ross\nTransylvanian Saxon: Räuss\nGerman: Ross\n→ Vulgar Latin: *rossa (see there for further descendants)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "hross"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: hross, hors\nIcelandic: hross, hors\nFaroese: ross, hors\nNorn: russ\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: røss-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hors (“mare”)\nOld Swedish: hors\nSwedish: russ, hors (dialectal)\nDanish: hors (dialectal)\nGutnish: russ",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: hross, hors\nIcelandic: hross, hors\nFaroese: ross, hors\nNorn: russ\nNorwegian:\nNorwegian Bokmål: røss-\nNorwegian Nynorsk: hors (“mare”)\nOld Swedish: hors\nSwedish: russ, hors (dialectal)\nDanish: hors (dialectal)\nGutnish: russ"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "smi-pro",
"2": "-",
"bor": "1"
},
"expansion": "→ Proto-Samic:",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "→ Proto-Samic:"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "se",
"2": "rossi"
},
"expansion": "Northern Sami: rossi",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Northern Sami: rossi"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "Unknown",
"name": "unknown"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱr̥sós",
"t": "vehicle"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós (“vehicle”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*ḱers-",
"4": "",
"5": "to run"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ira-pro",
"3": "*(w)ŕ̥šā",
"t": "male animal"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā (“male animal”)",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "os",
"2": "уырс",
"t": "stallion"
},
"expansion": "Ossetian уырс (wyrs, “stallion”)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Unknown. Theories include:\n* From Proto-Indo-European *ḱr̥sós (“vehicle”), derived from Proto-Indo-European *ḱers- (“to run”).\n* Borrowed from an Iranian language, from Proto-Iranian *(w)ŕ̥šā (“male animal”). Compare Ossetian уырс (wyrs, “stallion”).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "a-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussą",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussis",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "hrussamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/hrussą",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic a-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic neuter nouns",
"Proto-Germanic nouns",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic terms with unknown etymologies"
],
"glosses": [
"horse"
],
"links": [
[
"horse",
"horse"
]
],
"tags": [
"neuter",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈxrus.sɑ̃/"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "ehwaz"
},
{
"word": "marhaz"
},
{
"word": "wigją"
},
{
"word": "hursą"
}
],
"word": "hrussą"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.