See gebaną in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for gebaną meaning in Proto-Germanic (12.7kB)
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*geban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *geban\nOld English: ġiefan, ġefan, ġyfan, ġifan, ġiofan\nMiddle English: yiven, ȝeven, ȝiven, yeven\nEnglish: yive\nYola: yie, ye, yive\n⇒ Middle English: given (influenced by Old Norse gefa)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give\nOld Frisian: jeva\nNorth Frisian: jiw\nFöhr-Amrum: jiiw\nMooring: jeewe\nWest Frisian: jaan\nOld Saxon: gevan, geƀan\nMiddle Low German: geven\nLow German: geven, gewen, giäwen, giewen\nOld Dutch: gevan\nMiddle Dutch: gēven\nDutch: geven\nAfrikaans: gee\nJavindo: heef\nJersey Dutch: xêve\nNegerhollands: gie, gi, giev, gief\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gef\nLimburgish: gaeve\nOld High German: geban\nMiddle High German: geben\nAlemannic German: gë, gua, gää, gea\nBavarian: gebn\nCimbrian: gem, ghèban\nCentral Franconian: jevve, jenn; gewe, gewwe, genn\nHunsrik: gewe\nLuxembourgish: ginn\nEast Franconian: geb, gebe, gewe\nGerman: geben\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: gewwe\nVilamovian: gaon, gann\nYiddish: געבן (gebn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *geban\nOld English: ġiefan, ġefan, ġyfan, ġifan, ġiofan\nMiddle English: yiven, ȝeven, ȝiven, yeven\nEnglish: yive\nYola: yie, ye, yive\n⇒ Middle English: given (influenced by Old Norse gefa)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give\nOld Frisian: jeva\nNorth Frisian: jiw\nFöhr-Amrum: jiiw\nMooring: jeewe\nWest Frisian: jaan\nOld Saxon: gevan, geƀan\nMiddle Low German: geven\nLow German: geven, gewen, giäwen, giewen\nOld Dutch: gevan\nMiddle Dutch: gēven\nDutch: geven\nAfrikaans: gee\nJavindo: heef\nJersey Dutch: xêve\nNegerhollands: gie, gi, giev, gief\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gef\nLimburgish: gaeve\nOld High German: geban\nMiddle High German: geben\nAlemannic German: gë, gua, gää, gea\nBavarian: gebn\nCimbrian: gem, ghèban\nCentral Franconian: jevve, jenn; gewe, gewwe, genn\nHunsrik: gewe\nLuxembourgish: ginn\nEast Franconian: geb, gebe, gewe\nGerman: geben\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: gewwe\nVilamovian: gaon, gann\nYiddish: געבן (gebn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚷᛁᛒᚢ",
"3": "ᚷᛡᚠ",
"pos": "1sg.pres.ind.",
"pos2": "1/3sg.past.ind."
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚷᛁᛒᚢ (gibu, 1sg.pres.ind.), ᚷᛡᚠ (gᴀf, 1/3sg.past.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᚷᛁᛒᚢ (gibu, 1sg.pres.ind.), ᚷᛡᚠ (gᴀf, 1/3sg.past.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gefa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: gefa, ᚴᛅᚠ (kaf); ᚴᛅᚠᚢ (kafu)\nIcelandic: gefa\nFaroese: geva\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gjeva, gje, giva; (dialectal) gjåvå\nElfdalian: djävå\nOld Swedish: giva, gæva, giffua, giffwa\nSwedish: giva\nDanish: give\nNorwegian Bokmål: give, gi\nScanian: gi\nHallandian: ge\nGutnish: giva, gi\n→ Middle English: given (influenced by native Old English ġiefan)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: gefa, ᚴᛅᚠ (kaf); ᚴᛅᚠᚢ (kafu)\nIcelandic: gefa\nFaroese: geva\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gjeva, gje, giva; (dialectal) gjåvå\nElfdalian: djävå\nOld Swedish: giva, gæva, giffua, giffwa\nSwedish: giva\nDanish: give\nNorwegian Bokmål: give, gi\nScanian: gi\nHallandian: ge\nGutnish: giva, gi\n→ Middle English: given (influenced by native Old English ġiefan)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (giban)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (giban)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰebʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰebʰ-e-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰebʰ-e-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gãbtiês",
"t": "to snatch, grab, seize"
},
"expansion": "Latvian gãbtiês (“to snatch, grab, seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "góbti",
"pos": "id."
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian góbti (id.)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gabati",
"t": "to seize, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gabati (“to seize, take”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गभस्ति",
"3": "",
"4": "arm, hand",
"tr": "gábhasti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गभस्ति (gábhasti, “arm, hand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁ep-",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep- (“to seize”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ga-"
},
"expansion": "*ga-",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰebʰ-e-ti, from *gʰebʰ- (“to give, move”) (traditionally *gʰabʰ-). Cognate with Latvian gãbtiês (“to snatch, grab, seize”), Lithuanian góbti (id.), Proto-Slavic *gabati (“to seize, take”) and Sanskrit गभस्ति (gábhasti, “arm, hand”).\nSome Leiden scholars reject the existence of *gʰebʰ- without a laryngeal, reconstructing it as *gʰeHbʰ-, and therefore reject the appurtenance of Germanic *geb-. Kortlandt proposes to connect Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep- (“to seize”) and assumes it was prefixed in Proto-Germanic with *ga-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gebō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "geb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gab",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gab",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gebanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "geb",
"2": "gab",
"3": "gēb",
"4": "geb",
"class": "5"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gebaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *ga-",
"parents": [],
"source": "w"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"parents": [
"Terms with non-redundant manual transliterations",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "abagebaną"
},
{
"word": "atgebaną"
},
{
"word": "fragebaną"
},
{
"word": "gabīgaz"
},
{
"word": "gabugaz"
},
{
"word": "gabį̄"
},
{
"word": "gebō"
},
{
"word": "gebô"
},
{
"word": "gebulaz"
},
{
"word": "giftiz"
},
{
"word": "gēbiz"
},
{
"word": "gēbǭ"
},
{
"word": "uzgebaną"
}
],
"glosses": [
"to give"
],
"id": "en-gebaną-gem-pro-verb-jKZk8JaJ",
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣe.βɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "gebaną"
}
{
"derived": [
{
"word": "abagebaną"
},
{
"word": "atgebaną"
},
{
"word": "fragebaną"
},
{
"word": "gabīgaz"
},
{
"word": "gabugaz"
},
{
"word": "gabį̄"
},
{
"word": "gebō"
},
{
"word": "gebô"
},
{
"word": "gebulaz"
},
{
"word": "giftiz"
},
{
"word": "gēbiz"
},
{
"word": "gēbǭ"
},
{
"word": "uzgebaną"
}
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "*geban"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: *geban\nOld English: ġiefan, ġefan, ġyfan, ġifan, ġiofan\nMiddle English: yiven, ȝeven, ȝiven, yeven\nEnglish: yive\nYola: yie, ye, yive\n⇒ Middle English: given (influenced by Old Norse gefa)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give\nOld Frisian: jeva\nNorth Frisian: jiw\nFöhr-Amrum: jiiw\nMooring: jeewe\nWest Frisian: jaan\nOld Saxon: gevan, geƀan\nMiddle Low German: geven\nLow German: geven, gewen, giäwen, giewen\nOld Dutch: gevan\nMiddle Dutch: gēven\nDutch: geven\nAfrikaans: gee\nJavindo: heef\nJersey Dutch: xêve\nNegerhollands: gie, gi, giev, gief\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gef\nLimburgish: gaeve\nOld High German: geban\nMiddle High German: geben\nAlemannic German: gë, gua, gää, gea\nBavarian: gebn\nCimbrian: gem, ghèban\nCentral Franconian: jevve, jenn; gewe, gewwe, genn\nHunsrik: gewe\nLuxembourgish: ginn\nEast Franconian: geb, gebe, gewe\nGerman: geben\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: gewwe\nVilamovian: gaon, gann\nYiddish: געבן (gebn)",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: *geban\nOld English: ġiefan, ġefan, ġyfan, ġifan, ġiofan\nMiddle English: yiven, ȝeven, ȝiven, yeven\nEnglish: yive\nYola: yie, ye, yive\n⇒ Middle English: given (influenced by Old Norse gefa)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give\nOld Frisian: jeva\nNorth Frisian: jiw\nFöhr-Amrum: jiiw\nMooring: jeewe\nWest Frisian: jaan\nOld Saxon: gevan, geƀan\nMiddle Low German: geven\nLow German: geven, gewen, giäwen, giewen\nOld Dutch: gevan\nMiddle Dutch: gēven\nDutch: geven\nAfrikaans: gee\nJavindo: heef\nJersey Dutch: xêve\nNegerhollands: gie, gi, giev, gief\nSkepi Creole Dutch: gef\nLimburgish: gaeve\nOld High German: geban\nMiddle High German: geben\nAlemannic German: gë, gua, gää, gea\nBavarian: gebn\nCimbrian: gem, ghèban\nCentral Franconian: jevve, jenn; gewe, gewwe, genn\nHunsrik: gewe\nLuxembourgish: ginn\nEast Franconian: geb, gebe, gewe\nGerman: geben\nRhine Franconian:\nPennsylvania German: gewwe\nVilamovian: gaon, gann\nYiddish: געבן (gebn)"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "ᚷᛁᛒᚢ",
"3": "ᚷᛡᚠ",
"pos": "1sg.pres.ind.",
"pos2": "1/3sg.past.ind."
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: ᚷᛁᛒᚢ (gibu, 1sg.pres.ind.), ᚷᛡᚠ (gᴀf, 1/3sg.past.ind.)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: ᚷᛁᛒᚢ (gibu, 1sg.pres.ind.), ᚷᛡᚠ (gᴀf, 1/3sg.past.ind.)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "gefa"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: gefa, ᚴᛅᚠ (kaf); ᚴᛅᚠᚢ (kafu)\nIcelandic: gefa\nFaroese: geva\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gjeva, gje, giva; (dialectal) gjåvå\nElfdalian: djävå\nOld Swedish: giva, gæva, giffua, giffwa\nSwedish: giva\nDanish: give\nNorwegian Bokmål: give, gi\nScanian: gi\nHallandian: ge\nGutnish: giva, gi\n→ Middle English: given (influenced by native Old English ġiefan)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give",
"name": "desctree"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: gefa, ᚴᛅᚠ (kaf); ᚴᛅᚠᚢ (kafu)\nIcelandic: gefa\nFaroese: geva\nNorwegian Nynorsk: gjeva, gje, giva; (dialectal) gjåvå\nElfdalian: djävå\nOld Swedish: giva, gæva, giffua, giffwa\nSwedish: giva\nDanish: give\nNorwegian Bokmål: give, gi\nScanian: gi\nHallandian: ge\nGutnish: giva, gi\n→ Middle English: given (influenced by native Old English ġiefan)\nScots: gie, geve, gewe, gif, gyf, gefe\nEnglish: give"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "got",
"2": "𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽"
},
"expansion": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (giban)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Gothic: 𐌲𐌹𐌱𐌰𐌽 (giban)"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*gʰebʰ-"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "root"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "",
"4": "*gʰebʰ-e-ti"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *gʰebʰ-e-ti",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lv",
"2": "gãbtiês",
"t": "to snatch, grab, seize"
},
"expansion": "Latvian gãbtiês (“to snatch, grab, seize”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "lt",
"2": "góbti",
"pos": "id."
},
"expansion": "Lithuanian góbti (id.)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sla-pro",
"2": "*gabati",
"t": "to seize, take"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Slavic *gabati (“to seize, take”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "गभस्ति",
"3": "",
"4": "arm, hand",
"tr": "gábhasti"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit गभस्ति (gábhasti, “arm, hand”)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "ine-pro",
"2": "*h₁ep-",
"3": "",
"4": "to seize"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep- (“to seize”)",
"name": "m+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "*ga-"
},
"expansion": "*ga-",
"name": "af"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *gʰebʰ-e-ti, from *gʰebʰ- (“to give, move”) (traditionally *gʰabʰ-). Cognate with Latvian gãbtiês (“to snatch, grab, seize”), Lithuanian góbti (id.), Proto-Slavic *gabati (“to seize, take”) and Sanskrit गभस्ति (gábhasti, “arm, hand”).\nSome Leiden scholars reject the existence of *gʰebʰ- without a laryngeal, reconstructing it as *gʰeHbʰ-, and therefore reject the appurtenance of Germanic *geb-. Kortlandt proposes to connect Proto-Indo-European *h₁ep- (“to seize”) and assumes it was prefixed in Proto-Germanic with *ga-.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "strong",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-conj-st",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "5",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "gebō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibizi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "geb",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebazai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaizau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibidi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaidau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaiw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"imperative"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"first-person",
"passive",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaidiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebadiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"imperative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"indicative",
"passive",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dual",
"passive",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaim",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"imperative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gibid",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebain",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"imperative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"indicative",
"passive",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebaindau",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"passive",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gab",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbį̄",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gaft",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"second-person",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gab",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbī",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"singular",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbū",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"indicative"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīw",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"first-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbudiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"indicative",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīdiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"dual",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbum",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"indicative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīm",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"first-person",
"plural",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbud",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"second-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīd",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"second-person",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"indicative",
"plural",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gēbīn",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"plural",
"subjunctive",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "gebandz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "gebanaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"active",
"participle",
"past",
"subjunctive"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "geb",
"2": "gab",
"3": "gēb",
"4": "geb",
"class": "5"
},
"name": "gem-conj-st"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/gebaną",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Proto-Germanic class 5 strong verbs",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʰebʰ-",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms prefixed with *ga-",
"Proto-Germanic terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Proto-Germanic verbs",
"Sanskrit terms with non-redundant manual transliterations"
],
"glosses": [
"to give"
],
"links": [
[
"give",
"give"
]
],
"tags": [
"reconstruction"
],
"wikipedia": [
"Brill Publishers",
"Helmut Rix",
"Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈɣe.βɑ.nɑ̃/"
}
],
"word": "gebaną"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-04 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-05-02 using wiktextract (e9e0a99 and db5a844). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.