See -jaz in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-ᛃᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ir"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -ir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -ir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós",
"pos": "agent suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós (agent suffix)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-yós (agent suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-janz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*-jaz m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jaz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-er, agent suffix"
],
"id": "en--jaz-gem-pro-suffix-5uQvphHi",
"links": [
[
"er",
"er#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jɑz/"
}
],
"word": "-jaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-ᛃᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ius"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ius",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ιος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ιος (-ios)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-य"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -य (-ya)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Latin -ius, Ancient Greek -ιος (-ios), Sanskrit -य (-ya).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-janz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-jaz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jaz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "17 67 17",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 74 14",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "29 60 11",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Nominal suffix denoting origin or descent."
],
"id": "en--jaz-gem-pro-suffix-N4mKocJT",
"links": [
[
"origin",
"origin#English"
],
[
"descent",
"descent#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jaz"
}
{
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "-ī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: -ī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: -ī"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-ᛁᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: -ᛁᛉ (-iʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: -ᛁᛉ (-iʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-r",
"qq": "with i-umlaut of preceding root"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -r (with i-umlaut of preceding root)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -r (with i-umlaut of preceding root)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-iniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-iniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-ini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-ini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-inē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-inē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-jaz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"j": "j"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-jaz",
"10": "*-jaimiz",
"11": "*-jō",
"12": "*-jǭ",
"13": "*-jaizōz",
"14": "*-jaizōi",
"15": "*-jaizō",
"16": "*-jôz",
"17": "*-jōz",
"18": "*-jaizǫ̂",
"19": "*-jaimaz",
"2": "*-janǭ",
"20": "*-jaimiz",
"21": "*-ją, -atō",
"22": "*-ją, -atō",
"23": "*-jas, -is",
"24": "*-jammai",
"25": "*-janō",
"26": "*-jō",
"27": "*-jō",
"28": "*-jaizǫ̂",
"29": "*-jaimaz",
"3": "*-jas, -is",
"30": "*-jaimiz",
"31": "*-jô",
"32": "*-janų",
"33": "*-iniz",
"34": "*-ini",
"35": "*-inē",
"36": "*-janiz",
"37": "*-janunz",
"38": "*-janǫ̂",
"39": "*-jammaz",
"4": "*-jammai",
"40": "*-jammiz",
"41": "*-jǭ",
"42": "*-jōnų",
"43": "*-jōniz",
"44": "*-jōni",
"45": "*-jōnē",
"46": "*-jōniz",
"47": "*-jōnunz",
"48": "*-jōnǫ̂",
"49": "*-jōmaz",
"5": "*-janō",
"50": "*-jōmiz",
"51": "*-jô",
"52": "*-jô",
"53": "*-iniz",
"54": "*-ini",
"55": "*-inē",
"56": "*-jōnō",
"57": "*-jōnō",
"58": "*-janǫ̂",
"59": "*-jammaz",
"6": "*-jai",
"60": "*-jammiz",
"7": "*-janz",
"8": "*-jaizǫ̂",
"9": "*-jaimaz",
"title": "*-jaz (ja-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jaz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ainaz (“one”) + *handuz (“hand”) + *-jaz → *ainahandijaz (“one-handed”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ed, forms adjectives from nouns"
],
"id": "en--jaz-gem-pro-suffix-kyvdrhwW",
"links": [
[
"-ed",
"-ed"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic masculine suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-ᛃᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-ir"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -ir",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -ir"
}
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós",
"pos": "agent suffix"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós (agent suffix)",
"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Proto-Indo-European *-yós (agent suffix).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-janz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix",
"g": "m"
},
"expansion": "*-jaz m",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jaz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"-er, agent suffix"
],
"links": [
[
"er",
"er#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"masculine",
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/jɑz/"
}
],
"word": "-jaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem nouns",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes",
"Proto-Germanic terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Proto-Germanic terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-ᛃᚨᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: -ᛃᚨᛉ (-jaʀ)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "ine-pro",
"3": "*-yós"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-yós",
"name": "inh+"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "la",
"2": "-ius"
},
"expansion": "Latin -ius",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "grc",
"2": "-ιος"
},
"expansion": "Ancient Greek -ιος (-ios)",
"name": "cog"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "sa",
"2": "-य"
},
"expansion": "Sanskrit -य (-ya)",
"name": "cog"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *-yós. Cognate with Latin -ius, Ancient Greek -ιος (-ios), Sanskrit -य (-ya).",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-noun",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-i",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōs",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-janz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-jamiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-jaz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "gem-decl-noun"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jaz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Nominal suffix denoting origin or descent."
],
"links": [
[
"origin",
"origin#English"
],
[
"descent",
"descent#English"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jaz"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"Proto-Germanic entries with incorrect language header",
"Proto-Germanic ja-stem adjectives",
"Proto-Germanic lemmas",
"Proto-Germanic suffixes"
],
"descendants": [
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmw-pro",
"2": "-ī"
},
"expansion": "Proto-West Germanic: -ī",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-West Germanic: -ī"
},
{
"depth": 1,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gmq-pro",
"2": "-ᛁᛉ"
},
"expansion": "Proto-Norse: -ᛁᛉ (-iʀ)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Proto-Norse: -ᛁᛉ (-iʀ)"
},
{
"depth": 2,
"templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "non",
"2": "-r",
"qq": "with i-umlaut of preceding root"
},
"expansion": "Old Norse: -r (with i-umlaut of preceding root)",
"name": "desc"
}
],
"text": "Old Norse: -r (with i-umlaut of preceding root)"
}
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "gem-decl-adj-a",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "ja-stem",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"class"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jôz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-ją",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-atō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizōz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jas",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-is",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizōi",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammai",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaizō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-janō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jaimiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"strong"
]
},
{
"form": "-jô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"masculine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jǭ",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"neuter",
"nominative",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnų",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnunz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jô",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnō",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-iniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"genitive",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-iniz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-janǫ̂",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-ini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōni",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōmaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"feminine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-ini",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammaz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"dative",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-inē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"masculine",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōnē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jōmiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"feminine",
"instrumental",
"plural",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-inē",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"singular",
"weak"
]
},
{
"form": "-jammiz",
"source": "inflection",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"neuter",
"plural",
"weak"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "gem-pro",
"2": "suffix"
},
"expansion": "*-jaz",
"name": "head"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "-",
"j": "j"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-a"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "*-jaz",
"10": "*-jaimiz",
"11": "*-jō",
"12": "*-jǭ",
"13": "*-jaizōz",
"14": "*-jaizōi",
"15": "*-jaizō",
"16": "*-jôz",
"17": "*-jōz",
"18": "*-jaizǫ̂",
"19": "*-jaimaz",
"2": "*-janǭ",
"20": "*-jaimiz",
"21": "*-ją, -atō",
"22": "*-ją, -atō",
"23": "*-jas, -is",
"24": "*-jammai",
"25": "*-janō",
"26": "*-jō",
"27": "*-jō",
"28": "*-jaizǫ̂",
"29": "*-jaimaz",
"3": "*-jas, -is",
"30": "*-jaimiz",
"31": "*-jô",
"32": "*-janų",
"33": "*-iniz",
"34": "*-ini",
"35": "*-inē",
"36": "*-janiz",
"37": "*-janunz",
"38": "*-janǫ̂",
"39": "*-jammaz",
"4": "*-jammai",
"40": "*-jammiz",
"41": "*-jǭ",
"42": "*-jōnų",
"43": "*-jōniz",
"44": "*-jōni",
"45": "*-jōnē",
"46": "*-jōniz",
"47": "*-jōnunz",
"48": "*-jōnǫ̂",
"49": "*-jōmaz",
"5": "*-janō",
"50": "*-jōmiz",
"51": "*-jô",
"52": "*-jô",
"53": "*-iniz",
"54": "*-ini",
"55": "*-inē",
"56": "*-jōnō",
"57": "*-jōnō",
"58": "*-janǫ̂",
"59": "*-jammaz",
"6": "*-jai",
"60": "*-jammiz",
"7": "*-janz",
"8": "*-jaizǫ̂",
"9": "*-jaimaz",
"title": "*-jaz (ja-stem)"
},
"name": "gem-decl-adj-table2"
}
],
"lang": "Proto-Germanic",
"lang_code": "gem-pro",
"original_title": "Reconstruction:Proto-Germanic/-jaz",
"pos": "suffix",
"senses": [
{
"examples": [
{
"text": "ainaz (“one”) + *handuz (“hand”) + *-jaz → *ainahandijaz (“one-handed”)",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"-ed, forms adjectives from nouns"
],
"links": [
[
"-ed",
"-ed"
]
],
"tags": [
"morpheme",
"reconstruction"
]
}
],
"word": "-jaz"
}
Download raw JSONL data for -jaz meaning in Proto-Germanic (14.9kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Proto-Germanic dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-03-01 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-21 using wiktextract (7c21d10 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.