See rug in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
Download JSON data for rug meaning in Polish (5.0kB)
{
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "rūga"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin rūga",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin rūga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "rug m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [
"Links with manual fragments",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant alt parameters",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [
"Links with redundant wikilinks",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"crease, notch, wrinkle"
],
"id": "en-rug-pl-noun-FvdwK0DL",
"links": [
[
"crease",
"crease"
],
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) crease, notch, wrinkle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bruzda"
},
{
"word": "fałda"
},
{
"word": "karb"
},
{
"word": "zmarszczka"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Rug"
}
],
"word": "rug"
}
{
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "rug",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish rug",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "rug"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish rug",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish rug.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "rug m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rugi"
}
],
"glosses": [
"judicial inquiry"
],
"id": "en-rug-pl-noun-PTCB~LcW",
"links": [
[
"inquiry",
"inquiry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, obsolete) judicial inquiry"
],
"related": [
{
"word": "rugowy"
},
{
"word": "rugownik"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rugować"
}
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dochodzenie"
},
{
"word": "śledztwo"
},
{
"word": "rugi"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Rug"
}
],
"word": "rug"
}
{
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "rug f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "29 16 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ruga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of ruga"
],
"id": "en-rug-pl-noun-WaX61wUU",
"links": [
[
"ruga",
"ruga#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Rug"
}
],
"word": "rug"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish learned borrowings from Latin",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms borrowed from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Latin",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Indo-European",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Italic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 1,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "itc-pro",
"3": "ine-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "la",
"3": "rūga"
},
"expansion": "Learned borrowing from Latin rūga",
"name": "lbor"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Learned borrowing from Latin rūga.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-m-in",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "rug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugów",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugowi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rug",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugiem",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "rugach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "rugu",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "rugi",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "rug m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug"
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-m-in"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"crease, notch, wrinkle"
],
"links": [
[
"crease",
"crease"
],
[
"notch",
"notch"
],
[
"wrinkle",
"wrinkle"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(obsolete) crease, notch, wrinkle"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "bruzda"
},
{
"word": "fałda"
},
{
"word": "karb"
},
{
"word": "zmarszczka"
}
],
"tags": [
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Rug"
}
],
"word": "rug"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish inanimate nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish masculine nouns",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old Polish",
"Polish terms inherited from Old Polish",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk/1 syllable"
],
"derived": [
{
"word": "rugi"
}
],
"etymology_number": 2,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "Inherited"
},
"expansion": "Inherited",
"name": "glossary"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "rug",
"4": "",
"5": "",
"g": "",
"g2": "",
"g3": "",
"id": "",
"lit": "",
"nocat": "",
"pos": "",
"sc": "",
"sort": "",
"tr": "",
"ts": ""
},
"expansion": "Old Polish rug",
"name": "inh"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "zlw-opl",
"3": "rug"
},
"expansion": "Inherited from Old Polish rug",
"name": "inh+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Inherited from Old Polish rug.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "m-in"
},
"expansion": "rug m inan",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"word": "rugowy"
},
{
"word": "rugownik"
},
{
"tags": [
"imperfective"
],
"word": "rugować"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
"Polish terms with historical senses",
"Polish terms with obsolete senses"
],
"glosses": [
"judicial inquiry"
],
"links": [
[
"inquiry",
"inquiry"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(historical, obsolete) judicial inquiry"
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "dochodzenie"
},
{
"word": "śledztwo"
},
{
"word": "rugi"
}
],
"tags": [
"historical",
"inanimate",
"masculine",
"obsolete"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Rug"
}
],
"word": "rug"
}
{
"categories": [
"Polish 1-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish non-lemma forms",
"Polish noun forms",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with homophones",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk",
"Rhymes:Polish/uk/1 syllable"
],
"etymology_number": 3,
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"expansion": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"name": "nonlemma"
}
],
"etymology_text": "See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.",
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "noun form",
"g": "f"
},
"expansion": "rug f",
"name": "head"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"rug"
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"senses": [
{
"form_of": [
{
"word": "ruga"
}
],
"glosses": [
"genitive plural of ruga"
],
"links": [
[
"ruga",
"ruga#Polish"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"form-of",
"genitive",
"plural"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ruk/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-uk"
},
{
"homophone": "róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Róg"
},
{
"homophone": "Rug"
}
],
"word": "rug"
}
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2024-06-23 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2024-06-20 using wiktextract (1b9bfc5 and 0136956). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.