See lufa in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Education",
"orig": "pl:Education",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"derived": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "lufowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lufka"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from lufka",
"name": "bf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lüftchen"
},
"expansion": "German Lüftchen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lauf",
"t": "barrel of a gun"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Lauf (“barrel of a gun”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain and disputed.\n* Back-formation from lufka, luftka (“bore of a gun”), from German Lüftchen, a diminutive of Luft.\n* Borrowed from German Lauf (“barrel of a gun”), with the feminine gender under influence of the synonymous word rura.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lufka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "lufisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "lufsko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"aug": "lufisko,lufsko",
"dim": "lufka"
},
"expansion": "lufa f (diminutive lufka, augmentative lufisko or lufsko)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧fa"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lu‧fa"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"_dis1": "0 0 0 0",
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "lufniczy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 36 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 10 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Containers",
"orig": "pl:Containers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 26 21 20",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Firearms",
"orig": "pl:Firearms",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"barrel of a gun"
],
"id": "en-lufa-pl-noun-pyxAnCkt",
"links": [
[
"barrel",
"barrel"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 36 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 10 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Containers",
"orig": "pl:Containers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"F, a failing grade"
],
"id": "en-lufa-pl-noun-8rZ7GD4M",
"links": [
[
"F",
"F"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) F, a failing grade"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "15 36 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 10 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Containers",
"orig": "pl:Containers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"shot glass"
],
"id": "en-lufa-pl-noun-bXTMpwKW",
"links": [
[
"shot glass",
"shot glass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) shot glass"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "6 16 6 72",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 36 15 34",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with manual fragments",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "11 25 11 54",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "10 22 10 58",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "15 15 15 56",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Alcoholic beverages",
"orig": "pl:Alcoholic beverages",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "40 10 10 39",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "pl",
"name": "Containers",
"orig": "pl:Containers",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
24
]
],
"english": "One more cold vodka shot for everyone.",
"text": "Jeszcze jedna zimna lufa dla wszystkich.",
"translation": "One more cold vodka shot for everyone.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strong liquor served in a shot glass, typically vodka"
],
"id": "en-lufa-pl-noun-7tO90ZgA",
"links": [
[
"vodka",
"vodka"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) strong liquor served in a shot glass, typically vodka"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.fa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ufa"
}
],
"word": "lufa"
}
{
"categories": [
"Pages with 6 entries",
"Pages with entries",
"Polish 2-syllable words",
"Polish entries with incorrect language header",
"Polish feminine nouns",
"Polish lemmas",
"Polish links with manual fragments",
"Polish links with redundant alt parameters",
"Polish links with redundant wikilinks",
"Polish nouns",
"Polish terms derived from Middle High German",
"Polish terms derived from Old High German",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-Germanic",
"Polish terms derived from Proto-West Germanic",
"Polish terms with IPA pronunciation",
"Polish terms with audio pronunciation",
"Polish terms with unknown etymologies",
"Rhymes:Polish/ufa",
"Rhymes:Polish/ufa/2 syllables",
"pl:Alcoholic beverages",
"pl:Containers",
"pl:Education",
"pl:Firearms"
],
"derived": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "lufowy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "gmh",
"3": "goh",
"4": "gmw-pro",
"5": "gem-pro"
},
"expansion": "",
"name": "dercat"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl"
},
"expansion": "Uncertain",
"name": "unc"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "lufka"
},
"expansion": "Back-formation from lufka",
"name": "bf"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lüftchen"
},
"expansion": "German Lüftchen",
"name": "der"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "pl",
"2": "de",
"3": "Lauf",
"t": "barrel of a gun"
},
"expansion": "Borrowed from German Lauf (“barrel of a gun”)",
"name": "bor+"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Uncertain and disputed.\n* Back-formation from lufka, luftka (“bore of a gun”), from German Lüftchen, a diminutive of Luft.\n* Borrowed from German Lauf (“barrel of a gun”), with the feminine gender under influence of the synonymous word rura.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "lufka",
"tags": [
"diminutive"
]
},
{
"form": "lufisko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "lufsko",
"tags": [
"augmentative"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "pl-decl-noun-f",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "lufa",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"nominative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "luf",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"genitive",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufom",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"dative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufę",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"accusative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufą",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufami",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"instrumental",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufie",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "lufach",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"locative",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "lufo",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"singular",
"vocative"
]
},
{
"form": "lufy",
"source": "declension",
"tags": [
"plural",
"vocative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "f",
"aug": "lufisko,lufsko",
"dim": "lufka"
},
"expansion": "lufa f (diminutive lufka, augmentative lufisko or lufsko)",
"name": "pl-noun"
}
],
"hyphenation": [
"lu‧fa"
],
"hyphenations": [
{
"parts": [
"lu‧fa"
]
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {},
"name": "pl-decl-noun-f"
}
],
"lang": "Polish",
"lang_code": "pl",
"pos": "noun",
"related": [
{
"tags": [
"adjective"
],
"word": "lufniczy"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"barrel of a gun"
],
"links": [
[
"barrel",
"barrel"
]
],
"tags": [
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish colloquialisms"
],
"glosses": [
"F, a failing grade"
],
"links": [
[
"F",
"F"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(colloquial) F, a failing grade"
],
"tags": [
"colloquial",
"feminine"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish slang"
],
"glosses": [
"shot glass"
],
"links": [
[
"shot glass",
"shot glass"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) shot glass"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Polish slang",
"Polish terms with usage examples"
],
"examples": [
{
"bold_text_offsets": [
[
20,
24
]
],
"bold_translation_offsets": [
[
14,
24
]
],
"english": "One more cold vodka shot for everyone.",
"text": "Jeszcze jedna zimna lufa dla wszystkich.",
"translation": "One more cold vodka shot for everyone.",
"type": "example"
}
],
"glosses": [
"strong liquor served in a shot glass, typically vodka"
],
"links": [
[
"vodka",
"vodka"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(slang) strong liquor served in a shot glass, typically vodka"
],
"tags": [
"feminine",
"slang"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈlu.fa/"
},
{
"rhymes": "-ufa"
}
],
"word": "lufa"
}
Download raw JSONL data for lufa meaning in Polish (4.4kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Polish dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-01-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-01-01 using wiktextract (f492ef9 and 9905b1f). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.